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G R A V I T Y F A U L T S
NAME: DARJI DARSHA.R.
M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE
GUIDEDBY: DR.P.M.SOLANKI
ROLL NO :- 3
YEAR : 2021-22
GEOLOGYPRESENTATION
CONTENTS
What is faults
1 Enechelon Gravity Faults
4
Gravity faults
2 Horsts and Graben
5
Origin of Gravity Faults
3 6 Tilted fault
What is Fault ?
PART 1
Enter title
 There are three main types of fault which can cause earthquakes: normal(gravity) Fault ,
reverse (thrust) Fault and strike-slip Fault.
 A "Fault " may be defined as a fracture along which block of rock have been displaced
relative to each other.
What is Fault ?
https://www.thoughtco.com
Enter title
Normal fault
An inclined fault in which the hanging wall has slipped down relative to the footwall.
Example-
San Andreas Fault in California.
Definition of Fault Type
Reverse fault
A geological fault in which the hanging wall appears to have been pushed up along the footwall.
Example-
Glarus thrust (Switzerland)
Strike slip fault
A fault on which the two blocks slide past one another.
Example-
North Anatolian Fault and the Alpine Fault.
Gravity Faults
PART 2
Enter title
GRAVITY FAULTS
 An inclined fault in which the hanging wall appears to have slipped downward
relative to the footwall.
(https://gfycat.com/SlightIdioticFrigatebird)
(Principal of engineering geology by k.M.Bangar)
Origin of Gravity faults.
PART3
Enter title
Normal Faults: This is the most common type of fault. It forms when rock above an
inclined fracture plane moves downward, sliding along the rock on the other side of the
fracture. Normal faults are often found along divergent plate boundaries, such as under
the ocean where new crust is forming.
Long, deep valleys can also be the result of normal faulting.
Tensional stress produces By
Normal faults, That's the called
gravity faults.
Origin of Gravity faults
Kanab, Utah. (App-Pinterest) (Website -Study. Com)
Enechelon Gravity
Faults
PART 4
Enter title
 The term 'en echelon' refers to closely-spaced, parallel or subparallel, overlapping or step-
like minor structural features in rock (faults, tension fractures), which lie oblique to the
overall structural trend.
 These are relatively short faults which overlap each other
ENECHELON GRAVITY FAULTS
http://bio-geo-terms.blogspot.com http://bio-geo-terms.blogspot.com/
HORSTS AND GRABEN
PART5
Enter title
HORST -
When Two Parallel Normal Faults Hade
Away From One Another and The Rock
Between Them is uplifted to Form a Ridge,
The structure is called a "HORST"
The >600-km-long Satpura mountain
range of central India is usually
considered as a horst, separated by
normal faults from the Tapi and
Narmada grabens. ... Erosion of the
southern front of the Satpuras
produces a large fault-line scarp, an
illusory normal fault.
HORST AND GRABEN
Enter title
"Grabens" are long and relatively narrow fault throughs bounded by parallel high angle faults. This
structure is produced when the two parallel normal faults hade towards each other and the rock beds
between them are thrown down Under The influence of gravity forming a topography low. Tensional
crustal forces which pulls the crust apart are responsible for the formation of rift faults.Grabens typically
occur along crests of upwards.
GRABEN
TELTED FAULT
PART 6
Enter title
1
Tilted block faulting, also called rotational block faulting, is a mode of
structural evolution in extensional tectonic events, a result of tectonic
plates stretching apart. When the upper lithospheric crust experiences
extensional pressures, the brittle crust fractures, creating detachment
faults.
TELTED FAULT
(https://www.sciencephoto.com) (Wikipedia)
Enter title
GRAVITY FAULTS STRUCTURE LOCATION
 ENECHELON GRAVITY FAULTS :- Oklahoma in USA.
 TILTED FAULT BLOCK :- South Western part of U. S include Arizona and Baja California.
 HORST :- Ruby-East-Humboldt Mountains OF Nevada
 GRABEN:- jordanead sea Depression and Death Valley.
GRAVITY FAULTS
Enter title
Reference
 PRINCIPAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY BY (K. M. BANGAR)
 https://www.usgs.gov/
 https://glossary.oilfield
 Wikipedia
THANK YOU

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M. g. science_i-wps_office[1]

  • 1. G R A V I T Y F A U L T S NAME: DARJI DARSHA.R. M.G. SCIENCE INSTITUTE GUIDEDBY: DR.P.M.SOLANKI ROLL NO :- 3 YEAR : 2021-22 GEOLOGYPRESENTATION
  • 2. CONTENTS What is faults 1 Enechelon Gravity Faults 4 Gravity faults 2 Horsts and Graben 5 Origin of Gravity Faults 3 6 Tilted fault
  • 3. What is Fault ? PART 1
  • 4. Enter title  There are three main types of fault which can cause earthquakes: normal(gravity) Fault , reverse (thrust) Fault and strike-slip Fault.  A "Fault " may be defined as a fracture along which block of rock have been displaced relative to each other. What is Fault ? https://www.thoughtco.com
  • 5. Enter title Normal fault An inclined fault in which the hanging wall has slipped down relative to the footwall. Example- San Andreas Fault in California. Definition of Fault Type Reverse fault A geological fault in which the hanging wall appears to have been pushed up along the footwall. Example- Glarus thrust (Switzerland) Strike slip fault A fault on which the two blocks slide past one another. Example- North Anatolian Fault and the Alpine Fault.
  • 7. Enter title GRAVITY FAULTS  An inclined fault in which the hanging wall appears to have slipped downward relative to the footwall. (https://gfycat.com/SlightIdioticFrigatebird) (Principal of engineering geology by k.M.Bangar)
  • 8. Origin of Gravity faults. PART3
  • 9. Enter title Normal Faults: This is the most common type of fault. It forms when rock above an inclined fracture plane moves downward, sliding along the rock on the other side of the fracture. Normal faults are often found along divergent plate boundaries, such as under the ocean where new crust is forming. Long, deep valleys can also be the result of normal faulting. Tensional stress produces By Normal faults, That's the called gravity faults. Origin of Gravity faults Kanab, Utah. (App-Pinterest) (Website -Study. Com)
  • 11. Enter title  The term 'en echelon' refers to closely-spaced, parallel or subparallel, overlapping or step- like minor structural features in rock (faults, tension fractures), which lie oblique to the overall structural trend.  These are relatively short faults which overlap each other ENECHELON GRAVITY FAULTS http://bio-geo-terms.blogspot.com http://bio-geo-terms.blogspot.com/
  • 13. Enter title HORST - When Two Parallel Normal Faults Hade Away From One Another and The Rock Between Them is uplifted to Form a Ridge, The structure is called a "HORST" The >600-km-long Satpura mountain range of central India is usually considered as a horst, separated by normal faults from the Tapi and Narmada grabens. ... Erosion of the southern front of the Satpuras produces a large fault-line scarp, an illusory normal fault. HORST AND GRABEN
  • 14. Enter title "Grabens" are long and relatively narrow fault throughs bounded by parallel high angle faults. This structure is produced when the two parallel normal faults hade towards each other and the rock beds between them are thrown down Under The influence of gravity forming a topography low. Tensional crustal forces which pulls the crust apart are responsible for the formation of rift faults.Grabens typically occur along crests of upwards. GRABEN
  • 16. Enter title 1 Tilted block faulting, also called rotational block faulting, is a mode of structural evolution in extensional tectonic events, a result of tectonic plates stretching apart. When the upper lithospheric crust experiences extensional pressures, the brittle crust fractures, creating detachment faults. TELTED FAULT (https://www.sciencephoto.com) (Wikipedia)
  • 17. Enter title GRAVITY FAULTS STRUCTURE LOCATION  ENECHELON GRAVITY FAULTS :- Oklahoma in USA.  TILTED FAULT BLOCK :- South Western part of U. S include Arizona and Baja California.  HORST :- Ruby-East-Humboldt Mountains OF Nevada  GRABEN:- jordanead sea Depression and Death Valley. GRAVITY FAULTS
  • 18. Enter title Reference  PRINCIPAL OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY BY (K. M. BANGAR)  https://www.usgs.gov/  https://glossary.oilfield  Wikipedia