SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURE AND
PALEOCURRENT ANALYSIS
Akash Limbachiya
M.Sc sem:-4
Roll No.:-04
Dr.Rahul Gayakwad sir
M.G. Science
Institute
(Geology Department)

CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• CLASSIFICATION
• PHYSICAL STRUCTURES
• CHEMICAL STRUCTURES
• BIOGENIC STRUCTURES
• PALEOCURRENT ANALYSIS
• REFERENCE

PHYSICAL STRUCTURES (PRIMARY)
Formed at the time of sedimentation
A. BEDDING GEOMETRY
1.Lamination:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/

2. Wavy Bedding:
Bedding characterized by adulatory bounding surfaces.
There is less regular stacking of beds
https://www.flickr.com/

B. BEDDING OF INTERNAL STRUCTURES:
1.Cross bedding:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-
bedding

2. Ripple Bedding:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/

4. Graded bedding:

C. BEDDING PLANE MARKINGS:
SOLE MARKS:
1. SCOUR MARKS:
When beds separate readily along bedding planes, the surfaces produced
commonly display various markings and structures.
https://serc.carleton.edu/

2.TOOL MARKS:
https://www.geol.umd.edu/

SURFACE MARKS:
Markings present on the surface of beds
1.Mud cracks:
https://www.alamy.com/stock-

2.Pits And Prints:
⦿Rain, hail, and spray
impressions are small
circular to ellipsoidal
pits formed in wet mud
.
⦿These marks indicate
environment or on
shore environment of
depression.

D. DEFORMED STRUCTURES :
Gravitational displacements may occur during
sedimentation or shortly there after, which deform or
alter the depositional structure.
1.Load casts:
https://www.researchgat
e.net/figure/_fig4_3285

2. Ball and pillow structures:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/

CHEMICAL SEDIMENTARY STRUCTURES
1. Stylolites:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/St
ylolite

2. Nodules:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodule

BIOGENIC STRUCTURES
It means a laminated structure composed of particulate sand, silt
and clay sized sediments, which has been formed by the trapping
and binding of detritus sedimentary particles by an algal mat.
https://www.google.com/

Trace fossils:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trace_

PALEOCURRENT
ANALYSIS
 The measurement of palaeocurrents is a vital part of
the study of sedimentary rocks in that they provide
information on palaeogeography, palaeoslopes,
current and wind directions and they are useful in
facies interpretation.
 Of the sedimentary structures commonly seen in
the field, cross-stratification and sole marks have
proven to be the most reliable. With planar cross-
bedding, the palaeocurrent direction is simply the
direction of maximum angle of dip.
 For trough cross-bedding, the palaeocurrent
direction is parallel to the trough axis.

CONTINUE…
• Palaeocurrent measurements are grouped into classes of
10º, 15º, 20º or 30º intervals (depending on the
• number of readings and their variability) and then plotted
on a rose diagram

• Pettijohn, E. J.(1984). SEDIMENTARY ROCKS., CBS
Publishers and distributors, Delhi, III edition 100-132.
 WEBSITES
• www.wikipedia .com
• www.britanica online .com
• www.geology.about.com
REFERENCE

THANK YOU