The document provides a history of packaging from primitive times to modern packaging. It discusses how packaging has evolved with social changes from nomadic tribes to industrialized societies. Key developments include the first packages used by primitive humans, early packaging materials like animal skins and clay pots, and how packaging functions expanded with the rise of trade and retail. The industrial revolution led to mass production and new roles for packaging in branding, marketing and informing consumers. Modern packaging faces challenges around waste management, environmental issues and meeting global food needs.

1. Fundamentals of Packaging Technology Darshan Vartak

2. A History of Packaging

45. Waste Management and Environmental Issues Figure 1.3 A code identifies the main packaging plastic families. PETE is usually abbreviated PET and V is usually abbreviated PVC. Less commonly used plastics and mixed-plastics constructions are classified as “other”