ABB Smart Home

© ABB Group
April 2010 | Slide 1
Davide Malacalza, Smart Grid China Summit, Beijing, April 2010
Smart Home
Solutions for Building Automation and
Energy Efficiency

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Introduction
Legal framework
ABB solutions for energy efficiency in buildings
The bridge to Demand Response
Success stories
Conclusions
Energy Efficiency in Buildings
AGENDA

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Introduction

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global warming represents
presently the biggest thread to
mankind
at the heart of Global Warming lies
the so-called greenhouse effect,
caused by the emission of
greenhouse gases.
CO2 with 50% is the biggest
contributor to the greenhouse
effect and is generated when
burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas
etc.) for the generation of energy
Source: Hadley Center for Climate Protection and Research
Driving forces for Energy Efficiency and Climate Protection

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Kyoto Protocol, reduction of CO2 emissions
(until 2012 reduction by 5% in comparison to1990)
decision of EU in 2007 to reduce CO2 emissions until 2020
by 20%
target of the German federal government to save 20% of primary
energy in the next 10 years and 9% of final energy until 2016
worldwide „Green Building“ initiatives, e.g. LEED (Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design) in USA, CRC (Carbon
Reduction Commitment) in UK, Energy Efficiency programs in
China, etc
national/regional standards, e.g. European Standard EN 15232
Energy Performance of Buildings, “Impact of Building Automation
and Controls” or EU’s Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
(EPBD)
economic pressure to save energy due to increasing prices for oil,
gas, electricity as well as to protect the environment

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buildings have the biggest share of the
worldwide energy consumption
depending on local conditions the
‘Energy-Share’ values range from 38%
in the USA up to more than 50% in
Singapore
as such, measures to increase the
energy efficiency of buildings can make
a considerable contribution to energy
saving and global climate protection
Source: www.architecture2030.org
Buildings demanding for ~40% of total energy consumption

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Source: JRC
Buildings demanding for ~40% of total energy consumption

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centralized power generation
one-directional power flow
generation follows load
operation based on historical experience
limited grid accessibility for new producers
behavior: PREDICTABLE
traditionalgridsfuturegrids
centralized and distributed power generation
intermittent renewable power generation
consumers can also become producers
multi-directional power flow
load adapted to production
operation based more on real-time data
behavior: RANDOM
smart home
From traditional to Smart Grids

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Smart HomeSmart Grid
Information
Power
Smart Home: interaction with Smart Grids

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Smart Grid with demand response requires buildings that are much smarter than
existing buildings
buildings (smart-homes) will be able to produce energy (renewables)
buildings (smart-homes) will share information about power consumption,
(future) power demand and energy production with the smart-grid
buildings (smart-homes) will react and interact with smart grids
via flexible demand tariffs
buildings (smart-homes) will be able to safe energy costs and reducing CO2 by
using new flexible tariffs
buildings (smart-homes) will be able to switch on/off and or delay energy
consumption in the building
buildings (smart-homes) will be able to give the user a clear indication and
transparency of current and future energy consumption and tariffs
Smart Home: interaction with Smart Grids

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Legal framework
some highlights

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continuous analysis of standardization activities EN15232
and DIN V 18599
-> Consequences for the KNX system (Intelligent Building
Control)
energy efficiency with KNX is integral part KNX of the ZVEI-
Technology-Roadmap
„Smart buildings in smart grids“ 2009 / 2010
-> Benefit in residential and non-residential buildings
study on “Energy Management” by Institute for trend and
market research
multivendor literature research on “energy savings by bus
systems” by the University of Applied Science Biberach
study on “energy savings with KNX in residential and non-
residential buildings” by University of Applied Science
Biberach in preparation
Initiatives: ZVEI Home (Germany)

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Reasons for creating „the energy classes“ for buildings
motivation to apply measures to increase the energy
efficiency in residential and non-residential buildings
basis for buyers and/or tenants to be able to compare the
energy efficiency of buildings
classification of buildings according to energy classes
based on EN 15232 Energy Performance of Buildings,
Impact of Building Automation and Controls
Initiatives: Energy Efficiency classes – EN15232

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Class A
high energy efficient room automation and cross
linked trades (application segments)
Class B
optimized solutions for each trade, partially cross
linked
Class C
standard room automation
Class D
no room automation, not energy efficient
Energy classes for new buildings

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Examples for necessary measures for classification
Class A
Interlinked single room temperature control
Demand controlled supply/flow temperature
Constant light control/open loop daylight control
Lighting controlled by presence detectors
Electrical shutter drives
Shutter and lighting control cross linked with HVAC
Class B
Single room temperature control
Supply/flow temperature controlled by outside temperature
Constant light control/open loop daylight control
Lighting controlled by presence detectors
Electrical shutter drives
Shutter and lighting control cross linked with HVAC

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Examples for necessary measures for classification
Class C
Centralized control of room temperature
Supply/flow temperature controlled by outside temperature
Illumination manually controllable/dimmable
Manual switching ON/OFF and centralized switching OFF Electrical
shutter drives
Simple sun protection automatic
Class D
No control / no thermostat valves
Fixed flow/supply temperature
Illumination manually switched ON/OFF
Electrical shutter drives with manual operation

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Non-residential buildings in
Germany need an energy pass
since July 1st, 2009.
In public buildings (town halls,
schools, hospitals etc.) with
more than 1000 m² net floor
space and regular public
access an energy pass has to
be posted.
Initiatives: Energy Pass – EN15233

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joint elaboration of DIN standards committees „Building
Industry, HVAC and Lighting Engineering“
for the calculation of all the energy, which is required for
the heating, cooling/ventilation and lighting of a building
in part 4 it considers e.g. lighting in winter time “positive” as
an additional heat source and in summer time “negative”
due to the higher amount of energy required for cooling
Initiatives: DIN V 18599 (Germany) on Energy Efficiency of buildings

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ABB solutions for
energy efficiency in buildings

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only use energy when it is really required
use energy when it is economically optimal
only use the amount of energy actually required
apply the energy that is used with the highest possible
efficiency
Increase of energy efficiency in buildings means for us:
ABB in Smart Home

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measuring / (sub)-metering
tariff options
communication / visualization with / for end user
switching on / off and delaying loads
light, blinds, heating, HVAC, security,
data conversion and communication between smart home and outside
integration of renewables
solar, heating pumps, “small” wind
demand response
future applications (e.g. smart electric vehicles)
Energy Efficiency in buildings
Main functionalities of Smart Home

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ABB i-bus® KNX is an electrical installation
system optimised for applications found in
Smart Home and Intelligent Building
Control.
KNX is a de-central, programmable, bus
system for residential and non-residential
buildings.
conforms to the KNX standard, the world’s
first and only approved building & home
automation technology standard ISO/IEC
14543 (HBC) and the European Standard
EN 50090 (HBES)
ABB offer: Intelligent Building Control ABB i-bus® KNX

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Installed worldwide in thousands of projects in more than 60 countries
Apartments/Villas/Flats/Home
Office buildings
Hotels/Restaurants/Hospitals
Exhibition Centers
Sport stadiums
Museums / Churches
Schools / Universities
Banks
Airports
Industrial Facilities
Shopping centers
Energy efficiency solutions with ABB i-bus® KNX
Building types

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Lighting control and regulation
Heating, ventilation, cooling
Blinds and shutter control
Security and monitoring
Energy and load management
Visualization and operation
Central automatic
Remote control / maintenance
Interface to other control systems
Application areas

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ABB i-bus® KNX: a solution integrating all
electrical functions found in the building into one
easy-to-manage control system
simplified electrical installation, lower planning
expenditure, reduced cabling
easy extension and adaptation to new needs,
with little time and financial investment
intelligent automation functions offering more:
- comfort and lifestyle features
- economic efficiency
- energy saving
- safety and security
Main advantages

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Product range: automation and control
Modular
components
for device
programming
and control

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Product range: environmental control
Rain sensor
Motion
detection
Blind control
Light sensor
………

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Product range: energy management
User interfaces

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KNX Twisted Pair (TP)
Standard medium for networking
KNX Powernet (PN)
Potential: Increasing importance through energy
management in area of renovation
Active technology marketing of KNX and PN
KNX RF (wireless)
RF and M-Bus RF can be integrated by early
specification comparison
Prospect: Meaningful and useful coexistence
with M-Bus RF
KNXnet / IP
Prospect: Growing importance as a real
“backbone”, particularly in new buildings
Technology basis of KNX

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By the combination of constant light control and presence
detection up to 50% energy savings are possible in a
reference building according to DIN V 18599 resp.
EN 15232 in comparison to manually switching ON and
OFF.
Own theoretical reflections and measurements in different
rooms have confirmed these values
Constant light control can be realized either by the
combination of light sensor and constant light controller or
by the integrated light controller of presence detectors
In addition the life expectancy of the lamps is increased
Light control – Constant light control

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Light control – Constant light control

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By means of timer controlled switching ON and OFF the
lights in not permanently used rooms as well as in rooms
with well defined occupancy times up to 10% energy
savings are possible in a reference building according to
DIN V 18599 resp. EN 15232 in comparison to manually
switching ON and OFF.
Time switches, the application unit ABZ/S2.1 as well as the
integrated timer function of panels can be used for.
In an ABB i-bus® KNX installation the timer controlled
switching and dimming of any lights can be realized without
any additional wiring efforts.
Light control – Timer controlled

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Especially in corridors and in not permanently used rooms
up to 20% energy savings are possible in a reference
building according to DIN V 18599 resp. EN 15232 in
comparison to manually switching ON and OFF.
Switching ON and OFF resp. sending values can also be
controlled depending on the ambient brightness.
A combination with timer control allows e.g.
- to guarantee a basic illumination for well defined periods
- to switch ON the lights for short times with relatively low
levels in case of presence during other periods
- to fully switch ON the lights for longer times during all
other periods.
In addition the life expectancy of the lamps can be
increased by dimming down to a basic brightness instead
of switching OFF completely.
Light control – Presence detection

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By the combination of presence detection and light control
depending on the outside brightness up to 40% energy
savings are possible in a reference building according to
DIN V 18599 resp. EN 15232 in comparison to manually
switching ON and OFF.
For the light control depending on the outside brightness
e.g. the brightness sensor HS/S3.1 or the weather unit
WZ/S1.1 in combination with the weather sensor
WES/A1.1 can be used
Light control depending on the outside brightness is
advantageous to constant light especially in big production
halls or gymnasiums
Light control – Presence detection + brightness

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- Room not permanently occupied
- Predefined breaks and working hours
up to 10 %Timer control
(Simple switching controlled
by timer)
- Rooms and corridors not permanently
occupied/in use
up to 20 %Presence detection
(Simple switching of the
lighting)
- High daylight factor (light from outside)
- Setpoint >= 500 lx
up to 45 %Lighting control
(Open loop control depending
on outside light & presence
detection)
- Setpoint >= 500 lx
- blind control depending on solar
altitude/angle
up to 50 %Constant light control
(Closed loop control &
presence detection)
Parameters (positive)Savings*Implemented Functions
* Potential savings in a reference building according to DIN V 18599 resp. EN 15232 in
comparison to simple manually controlled lighting
Publication of ZVEI based on study at University of Applied Science Biberach
Measurements in own buildings
Light control

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By automatically moving down the blinds in case of direct
sun radiation up to 13% energy savings for cooling are
possible in a reference building according to DIN V 18599
resp. EN 15232.
This basic functionality is integral part of all ABB i-bus®
KNX shutter actuators.
As soon as a certain brightness level is exceeded the
shutter actuator moves the blinds to a predefined height
and turns the lamellas into a predefined position.
Blinds control – Simple sun protection

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By different behavior in case of presence (sun protection)
and in case of an unoccupied room (heating-/cooling
automatic) up to 13% energy savings for lighting and
21% energy savings for cooling are possible in a
reference building according to DIN V 18599 resp.
EN 15232.
This functionality is also part of all ABB i-bus® KNX shutter
actuators.
In case of presence of persons the shutter actuator moves
the blinds to a predefined height and turns the lamellas into
a predefined position as soon as a certain brightness level
is exceeded.
In case of an unoccupied room the blinds are completely
opened during the heating period in case of sunshine. Just
the other way round they will be closed in summer when
cooling the room.
Blinds control – Sun position + presence

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By controlling the blinds depending on the position
of the sun a maximal light incidence at minimum
glare is achieved.
Blinds control with the Shutter Control Unit

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- Exposition to the south
- Rooms not permanently occupied/in use
under studySophisticated sun
protection (depending on
outside temperature, sunlight
and presence of persons)
up to 21 %
for cooling
up to 13%
for lighting
Height & Lamella control
(Open loop control depending
on outside light & presence
detection)
- Passive houses => heat incidence has to
be reduced
up to 13 %
for cooling
Simple sun protection
(Close blinds in case of
sunlight)
comparison to simple manually controlled shutters/blinds
Blinds control

© ABB Group
By timer controlled fixing of the setpoints for heating and
cooling room-by-room up to 10% energy savings are
resp. EN 15232 in case of not permanently used rooms as
well as in rooms with well defined occupancy times in
comparison to manually switching ON/OFF the
heating/cooling.
0,00
5,00
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24:00:00
HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning) – Temperature profile

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By presence controlled fixing of the setpoints for heating
and cooling room-by-room up to 25% energy savings are
resp. EN 15232 in case of not permanently used rooms as
well as in rooms with well defined occupancy times in
comparison to manually switching ON/OFF the
heating/cooling.
It makes sense to combine the presence detection with an
underlying time-/temperature profile for the setpoints
In case of presence of persons presence detectors will
change the setpoints from „stand-by“ to „presence“
HVAC – Fixing the setpoint by presence control

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Change the setpoint if windows are open/closed
Automatic opening of windows for “night cooling” resp.
automatic ventilation via air ducts
Integration of advanced heating-/cooling automation into
shutter control
Setpoint „heating“ < Setpoint heat-/cool-automation
Setpoint „cooling“ > Setpoint heat-/cool-automation
26°
24°
21°
19°
Setpoint of cooling system
Setpoint of “shutter“ system
Setpoint of heating system
Setpoint of “shutter” system
HVAC – Further functions and savings

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comparison to conventional installation
Measurements in own buildings
- High difference between night-time and
day-time temperature
under studyNightcooling (windows automatically
opened at night)
- Venetian blinds on outer surface of building
-> Reduced heat incidence into the building
up to 30%Automatic blind control
(Positioning of blinds according to
temperature and solar
altitude/angle)
- Low thermal mass of surrounding wallsunder studyOpen window detection
- Room not permanently occupiedup to 25 %Individual room temperature
setpoints controlled by
presence detector
- Low thermal mass of surrounding wallsup to 10 %Individual room temperature
setpoints controlled by timer
HVAC

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A complete automation solution for
Hotel Rooms, Care Home Facilities,
Small Apartments, etc
A single device containing all
functions: Switching, HVAC,
Lighting, Shutters, Operations,
Logic, …..
Plug & Play application with
powerful comfort and energy
efficiency features
Room master

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up to 50 %
for cooling
up to 52%
for lighting
Constant light control in
combination with blind
control and presence
detection
up to 44 %
for cooling
up to 50%
for lighting
Constant light control in
combination with blind
control
comparison to simple manually controlled shutters/blinds/lighting
Savings from the interaction of different applications

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Metering
Bus
KNX Bus
Electrical
connections
Communication
Electricity, gas,
water, heat
meters
Multi Utility
Communication
Controller and
Smart Meter
Comfort Panel for
comfort and energy
efficiency
Solar products
Combiners, DC
Breakers etc.
Electrical
vehicles
Energy efficiency solutions with ABB
ABB i-bus® KNX and Demand response
Addressing the temporary change in electricity
consumption by Demand Resources in response to
market or reliability concerns

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ComfortPanel
High end TFT-touch display for
visualization and control of functions
KNX functions light scenes, room
control
Multimedia mp3-, video player
Email, web cam, RSS-feeds
Twisted Pair- und PowerLine-Module,
integrated KNXnet/IP-Router
processing > 8000 Data points per
second
priOn
Rotate & Push operator concept priOn
ComfortPanel
ABB i-bus® KNX and Demand response: high end user interface

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Energy monitoring and control
Display tariff information
Display energy consumption
Data logger for all KNX data points
for visualization
LogicEngine to react automatically
on tariff changes by user defined
scenarios
Integration of white goods
ABB i-bus® KNX and Demand response: high end user interface

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Functions
• 1,5“ LCD Display
• Displaying energy consumption data and costs
• Tariff manual & automatically*
• Displaying Tariff forecast*
• Displaying billing relevant data via utility based web
portal*
• Displaying data from category meters like gas, water,
heat, oil
• RGB backlight for displaying status
* Needs service from grid owner
ABB i-bus® KNX and Demand response: Energy display

© ABB Group
meter with four quadrant metering
meaning that the meter can
measure both imported as well as
exported energy. The meter is
available in versions for active
energy and combined active and
reactive energy
ABB i-bus® KNX and Demand response: Smart Metering

© ABB Group
Provider
GSM
DSL
PLC
Basics
1. remote electricity meter
reading
2. upgrading for
• gas
• water
• heat
• …
ABB i-bus® KNX and Demand response: multi utility communication

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HEMS balances the end-user’s comfort, cost and lifestyle
preferences in the face of uncertain conditions regarding the
price of electricity, weather and grid conditions
Minute-to-minute HEMS decisions include scheduling and
shifting of:
Consumption of electric appliances
Charging/discharging of energy storage devices
Power generation
Power exchanges with distribution system operator
Appropriate methods for sequential decision making under uncertainty:
Rule-based
Stochastic Dynamic Programming
Model-base Predictive Control
ABB i-bus® KNX and Demand response
HEMS: Home Energy Management System

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Loads are
shifted to a
period of
cheap
electricity price
via a delayed
start
ABB i-bus® KNX and Demand response: HEMS, an example

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National StadiumNational Aquatics Centre
Beijing University Gymnasium Beijing Airport
Success stories: Olympic Games in Beijing

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ABB i-bus, has helped several landmark buildings in Singapore cut energy
consumption and win industry awards for energy efficiency and low environmental
impact.
Several of these installations have recently won best-performance awards
for energy efficiency and environmental friendliness from the Singapore
government and ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations).
For occupiers they have brought
massive energy savings calculated
by one at 17 percent and by another
at around US$ 370,000 a year.
The 59,000 square meter National Library building, Singapore.
Success stories: ABB cut energy costs in Singapore

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Success stories: major applications in Asia
Bangkok Airport
Shimao Villas
Pudong Airport
Golden Lake Hotel
Tianjin Museum

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Depending on the daylight, shutter actuators control in the class rooms
the louvres and presence detectors switch on the lighting partially
or in total. The set points of the room thermostats are controlled by timers
according to the occupancy.
Shutter control in combination with
the ventilation system manitains a
comfortable ambient temperature,
which even in summer will not exceed
21°C.
By using ABB i-bus® KNX
in combination with the refurbishment
of the building shell the total energy
consumption could be reduced from
160kWh/m² p.a. to ca. 25 kWh/m² p.a.
User/Investor: Gemeinde Bezau
SpecifierConsultant: Elektro Will
Success stories: secondary school in Bezau, Austria

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The school center – built in 2003 – has total floorplan of 14,000 square meters.
525 KNX devices control the lighting depending on the outside brightness and
the presence of persons. If a room is not used, the blinds remain open in winter
and closed in summer time to increase useful thermal transfer
By constructural measures and the usage
of an intelligent and networked lighting
and blind control the energy consumption
in the new building was reduced to
1/3 of the previous value.
User/Investor: Stadt Neckargemünd
Specifier/Consultant: Gantert & Braun
Success stories: school center Neckargemund, Germany

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User/Investor: ABB/Ejendomsaktieselskabet Goyernes Gaard
Specifier/Consultant: Lillibaelts Gruppen
In the open-plan offices a ‘before and after’
comparison of the consumption
measurements showed
savings of 13% in the electrical energy
used for lighting purposes.
The building comprises in total of 123 rooms on three floors. The KNX installation
consists of 14 lines with a total of 645 devices. Besides the automation of the
heating and cooling system (presence and timer controlled) special emphasis
was put on constant light control.
Success stories: ABB building in Odense, Denmark

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User/Investor: APE
Specifier/Consultant: CUnEdI der Universität von Trient
The comparison before (2006) and after the
KNX installation (2007) shows energy savings
of approx. 28%. The consumption of electrical
energy has been reduced by more than
38,000kWh per month.
As such within the first year of using the
KNX system the museum had already saved
around
80,000€.
The museum forms part of the most important exhibitions of modern art in Italy.
KNX technology is mainly used to control the lighting according to time and
outside brightness as well as to easily activate so-called light scenes.
Success stories: modern art museum in Rovereto, Italy

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Energy efficient buildings can contribute significantly to energy
savings and thus global climate protection.
ABB is a leading company in the area of Smart Home and Intelligent
Building Control based on the KNX-Technology
ABB i-bus® KNX is based on the worldwide standard ISO/IEC 14543
(HBC) as well as on EN 50090 (HBES) and comprises of all
relevant products necessary to enable a sustainable decrease of
the final energy consumption in new and existing buildings.
ABB has in the last 25 years gained a wealth of experience from
thousands of successfully realized projects in more than 60 countries
worldwide
Conclusions

© ABB Group
Fabian Hess
Business Development Director for Smart Grid
Power Systems Division
e-mail: fabian.hess@cn.abb.com
Keith King-Wai Leung
Product Management & Marketing Manager
Low Voltage Products Division - China
e-mail: keith-kingwai.leung@cn.abb.com
Davide Malacalza
R&D Manager
Low Voltage Products Division - China
e-mail: davide.malacalza@cn.abb.com
www.abb.com/knx
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