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Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition

            Continuity and Change




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Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition

                                  Continuity and Change




                              A presentation based upon the exhibition produced
                               by the Dean and Chapter of Norwich Cathedral in
                              conjunction with the British Ambassador to the Holy
                               See and hosted in the Vatican Museums in 2002,
                              now updated and made available electronically by
                                        the Anglican Centre in Rome.
The Anglican Centre in Rome                                                         Norwich Cathedral
The 2002 Exhibition




                                        Temporary image

The Exhibition was held in the Salone Sistino of the Vatican Museums at the invitation of the Roman Catholic Church.
Continuity and Change

 Despite more than four hundred years of separation
 since the Reformation, Anglicans remain part of the
            Western Christian tradition.

Living apart has meant, however, that there has been
             change as well as continuity.



Here the diocese of Norwich is used as a specific case
   study to help unfold a rich and intriguing history.
Contents         click on any heading to go to the relevant page

      1.Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition: Continuity and Change
      2.The Re-evangelisation of England
      3.The Foundations of the Church in England
      4.The Consolidation of Norman Power
      5.The English Parish Church
      6.The Benedictines
      7.A School of the Lord’s Service
      8.The Break with Rome
      9.The English Reformation
      10.The Catholic Restoration
      11.The Elizabethan Settlement
      12.Catholic Recusancy
      13.The Civil War
      14.Non-conformity or Protestant Dissent
      15.Religious Freedom in a Changing World
      16.The Evangelical and Catholic Revival
      17.The Church of England and the Crown
      18.The Emergence of a World Communion
      19.Ecumenism – the Search for Unity
      20.Growing Together in Worship
      21.Church and Society
      22.Cathedrals Today
      Acknowledgements and Copyright

      Copyright-holders, where they have been traced, have given their permission for the use of images

      solely in this presentation.
      Images should not be reproduced without obtaining permission from the copyright-holders.
Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition
Continuity & Change
‘Anglicanism’, as it has come to be known, traces its roots to the
church in England which parted from the jurisdiction of the Bishop of
Rome during the sixteenth century European Reformation.

Despite more than four hundred years of separation, Anglicans
remain part of the Western Christian tradition.

Living apart has meant, however, that there has been change as well
as continuity.

The ancient dioceses of the Church of England reflect this in different
ways. Here the diocese of Norwich is used as a specific case study
to help unfold a rich and intriguing history. This presentation seeks to
tell something of this story.


                                                                      Return home
The Re-evangelisation of England

The martyrdom of St Alban is evidence
that there were Christians in England in
the third century. Later Anglo-Saxon
invasions helped paganism to reassert
itself after the departure of the Roman
legions.



                                           The Martyrdom of St Alban c305




                                                                            Return home
The Re-evangelisation of England

The country was re-evangelised in the
north from Iona by Irish-Celtic monks, led
by St Aidan. In the south, missionaries
came from Rome sent by Pope Gregory
the Great and led by St Augustine. In East
Anglia, St Fursey from Ireland and St Felix,
a Burgundian bishop sent from
Canterbury, spearheaded a similar ‘dual                     The pectoral cross found with
                                                            St Cuthbert’s relics in Durham
mission’ in 635




                                                  Bottom: Christians at Prayer. Wall decoration at
Next slide:                                       Lullingstone Roman Villa, Kent
10th Century Irish High Cross from Clonmacnoise
St Felix, Apostle of East Anglia


                                                                                               Return home
‘Cross of the
                                             Scriptures’, a 10th
                                             Century Irish
                                             High Cross from
                                             Clonmacnoise,
                                             Ireland




St Felix, Apostle of East Anglia. The 12th
century relief in Norwich Cathedral

                                                       Return home
The Foundations of the Church in England

Theodore of Tarsus became Archbishop of
Canterbury in 668. He inherited a Church
with seven huge dioceses each serving
one of the principal Anglo-Saxon
kingdoms. To bring order and structure to
the English Church he created smaller
dioceses. In 673 he divided the East                 North Elmham, the site of the 10th century
                                                     Cathedral of East Anglia
Anglian see with bishops based at
Felixstowe and Elmham. Although his
overall plans did not come to full fruition in
his lifetime, he had laid good foundations.
By 1066 there were fifteen dioceses.
Norfolk and Suffolk, however, were once
again a single diocese based on North
Elmham.
                                       Stones from North Elmham provide
                                       a link with the first Bishop’s Throne
                                                                                              Return home
St Luke from the Gospel
A fragment from the decrees of a Council                                 Book of St Augustine
of Bishops held at Clofesho in 747

                    Background: North Elham, the site of the 10th century Cathedral of East Anglia   Return home
The Consolidation of Norman Power

The conquest of England by William of
Normandy drew the country closer to the
Continent and its cultural and religious
influences. Norman policy was to centre
power on the principal commercial cities.

To this end cathedrals were re-located:
Selsey gave place to Chichester,
Dorchester to Lincoln, and                  The Bayeux Tapestry –
                                            the Normans land in England, 1066
Crediton to Exeter.




                                                                                Return home
The Consolidation of Norman Power

Bishop Herfast moved the East Anglian
see from Elmham to Thetford.

Finally, Herbert de Losinga, a Benedictine
bishop from Normandy, built his cathedral
at Norwich in 1096 alongside the new
Norman castle.

Apart from the Abbey at Bury St Edmunds,
his cathedral was the greatest church in
East Anglia.


Next slide:
The medieval city of Norwich dominated by Castle and Cathedral



                                                                 Return home
The medieval city of Norwich dominated by Castle and Cathedral

                                                                 Return home
The English Parish

Central churches staffed by secular or
monastic clergy provided a focus for
mission and ministry amongst the smaller
tribal communities of Anglo-Saxon
England.

In Norman times the manor became the
local administrative unit. Churches were
built by monastic communities, local lords
and others to serve the people living on
their estates



                        The wealth of the wool trade:
                        St Mary’s Worstead, Norfolk



                                                        Return home
The English Parish

Over the centuries wealthy parishioners
beautified and enlarged their churches and
left fine monuments to their name.

In East Anglia mediaeval trade with
Europe, particularly in wool, generated
considerable wealth making Norwich the
second city in the land.
           The alabaster tomb of Lord and Lady Bardolph
           (1441), benefactors of Dennington Church, Suffolk




                                                    A typical English parish church interior:
                                                    SS Peter and Paul, Salle in Norfolk




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The Benedictines

The new cathedral at Norwich was staffed
by a community of Benedictine monks.
Cathedrals in the care of religious
communities were unique to England. This
tradition had been inherited from the
Anglo-Saxon Church. The bishop was the
Abbot, but the Prior administered the
cathedral and the monastic community.

Canterbury, Winchester and Durham were
among those served by monastic
communities and many of the great
churchmen of the day, such as Lanfranc
and Anselm, were monks.
                             St Benedict (and St Leonard) from the pulpit
                             at Horsham St Faith, Norfolk. 15th century
                                                                            Return home
The Benedictines

At Norwich the bishop and his household
lived north of the cathedral, while the
monastic buildings lay to the south.




                                          The largest surviving monastic cloister
The Prior’s door, Norwich Cathedral       in England, Norwich Cathedral


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A School of the Lord’s Service

                                                        The 12th century
The Rule of St Benedict envisaged ‘a                    monastic scribe
school of learning in the Lord’s service’               Eadwine at work

undergirded by prayer, manual work and
hospitality.

Able Norwich monks studied at Oxford and
one, Adam Easton, served in the Roman
curia and was created cardinal in 1381 by
Pope Urban VI.

The daily round of services – the Opus Dei
– was the main work of the community.

                               Monks in choir, from a
                               late medieval Psalter



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A School of the Lord’s Service

Following the Reformation in 1549
Archbishop Cranmer transposed the
monastic hours to form the Prayer Book
offices of Mattins and Evensong.

The present cathedral foundation sings
Evensong each day, continuing a tradition
almost unbroken since the Reformation.
                                            The choir of Norwich Cathedral sing
                                               in the medieval monks’ stalls,




                                                                     Return home
The Break with Rome
                                                                  Henry VIII

When Henry VIII wrote a defence of the                            Studio of Hans
                                                                  Holbein the
Seven Sacraments in 1521, Pope Leo X                              Younger, from
                                                                  the Castle

awarded him the title ‘Defender of the                            Howard
                                                                  Collection


Faith’.

A series of parliamentary enactments
culminated in the Act of Supremacy
(1534) declaring Henry supreme head of
the English Church.

Nevertheless determined to annul his first
marriage with or without Papal sanction,
Henry appointed an able scholar, Thomas
Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury.

                       The Great Bible in English, ordered by
                       Henry VIII to be set up in all churches,


                                                                        Return home
The Break with Rome

The resistance of leading churchmen like
Bishop John Fisher and Henry’s former
Chancellor, Thomas More, resulted in their                     West front,
execution.                                                     Castle Acre



The king proceeded to dissolve the
monasteries, secularising their property,
but continued to resist doctrinal reform.




                       A surviving archway from the medieval
                       priory at Walsingham, Norfolk




                                                               Return home
The English Reformation

Religious change gained momentum with
a series of parliamentary statutes under
the boy-king Edward VI. By now Cranmer,
with support from the king and others,
favoured more radical reform on
continental lines. Iconoclasm was licensed,
the chantries were abolished.




                                                                        The destruction of images. The defaced rood
                                                                        screen of Beeston-next-Milehan, Norfolk.
De la Warr Chantry, Boxgrove Priorry
                                       Next slide:
                                       The destruction of images: cloister boss
                                                                                                            Return home
The destruction of images: a mutilated cloister boss, Norwich Cathedral




                                                                          Return home
The English Reformation

Cranmer’s vernacular liturgical projects
resulted in the first English Prayer Books
of 1549 and 1552.

Despite Cranmer’s increasingly protestant
intentions, particularly with regard to
eucharistic doctrine, the new liturgy still
retained much material from the medieval
service books, and was, by continental
protestant standards, suspiciously catholic.
Now reshaped, the services of the Church
invited fuller participation by the laity.
                The frontispiece of the Book of Common Prayer,1552




                                                                     Return home
The Catholic Restoration

Edward VI’s death in 1553 led to the
accession of the devoutly Catholic Mary,
and a policy of restoring Catholicism to
England.

Cranmer, with other key reformers, was
burned at the stake.



                                  There were many martyrs on both sides of the religious
                                  divide.
                                  Here, Archbishop Cranmer is burnt at the stake.
                                  Engravng from Foxe’s Book of Martyrs




                                                                                           Return home
The Elizabethan Settlement

The catholic restoration collapsed with
Mary’s death (1558) and the accession of
her half-sister, Elizabeth, who was
determined to pursue a less radical
Protestantism.
The Act of Supremacy (1559) against
which all the bishops present voted,
made the Queen supreme governor of
the Church in England.

                                               Elizabeth I




                        The Act of Supremacy
                        National Archives

                                                             Return home
The Elizabethan Settlement

Puritans hoped for more sweeping reform.

But in the search for identity, exemplified in
the writings of Richard Hooker and others,
the newly emerging Church of England
preserved many aspects of the “old
religion”, including the three-fold ministry of
bishops, priests and deacons.




                                                  Richard Hooker

Next slide:
A post-Reformation church interior
                                                                   Return home
The Elizabethan Settlement




   A post-Reformation church interior reflects the new emphasis on Scripture and preaching.
   Bylaugh Church, Norfolk



                                                                                              Return home
Continuing Catholicism - Recusancy

Elizabeth’s
excommunication, by
Pope Pius V in 1570,
further polarised her
subjects.

His Bull, Regnans in
Excelsis, absolved
Catholics of their
allegiance to the
Queen, necessitating
once again a new and
political choice
between loyalty to the
Crown and loyalty to     The Gunpowder Plot conspirators who attempted
                         to blow up Parliament in 1605.
the Pope.                © National Portrait Gallery, London


                                                                         Return home
Continuing Catholicism - Recusancy

Catholics showed much courage in living
out their faith. Seminaries such as Douai in
France and the Venerable English College
in Rome trained priests for clandestine
service in England. Those caught were
tortured and executed. Despite periodic
outbursts of persecution, there was a good
deal of co-existence and Catholicism
remained strong, notably in some great
aristocratic houses.


                                               A priest’s hole.
                                               Harvington Hall, Worcestershire



Next slide:
The houses of Catholic recusant families
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Continuing Catholicism - Recusancy




The houses of catholic recusant families:

Oxburgh Hall , Norfolk (top)

Stonor Park, Oxfordshire (right)



                                            Return home
1642 – 1651 The Civil War

Archbishop William Laud, supported by
King Charles I, who was married to the
Catholic Henrietta Maria, emphasised
the sacramental value of the Church of
England and its continuity with its
catholic past.

This caused fierce opposition, as did
the King’s disregard for Parliament and
his belief in a divine right to rule. Civil
                                              The execution of Charles I at the
war resulted. Both Archbishop Laud            Banqueting House, Westminster, 1649
and Charles were executed.                    © National Portrait Gallery, London



Episcopacy was abolished and for a
decade the Church of England formally
became Presbyterian.

                                                                                    Return home
1642 – 1651 The Civil War

But a new age did not dawn and in 1660
the monarchy was restored, episcopacy
re-established and the Prayer Book
revised.




                   The return of Charles II as king in 1660.




                                                               Return home
Non-conformity or Protestant Dissent

The Act of Uniformity in1662 made
dissenters of those radical Protestants who
refused to conform to the Church of
England.

Their varying views on matters of doctrine
and church government created different
communities which eventually became           Oulton Congregational Church, Norfolk

known as Baptist, Congregationalist and
Quaker.




Next slide:
John Bunyan in prison
                                                                               Return home
John Bunyan, author of Pilgrim’s Progress, in Bedford Prison,
from a window in the Bunyan Meeting Free Church, Bedford        Return home
Non-conformity or Protestant Dissent

In the eighteenth century John Wesley, a
priest of the Church of England, developed
an itinerant preaching ministry challenging
his hearers to live by ‘scriptural holiness’.
His converts were known as Methodists
and formed societies which eventually
broke away from the Established Church.

                                           John Wesley preaching from his father’s tomb in Epworth




                                                                                       Return home
Religious Freedom in a Changing World

From the end of the 17th Century a new
spirit of toleration began to grow in English
society. Eventually this led to the repeal of
the Test and Corporation Acts in 1828,
which had restricted the civil rights of Non-
Conformists. In 1829 the Catholic
Emancipation Act followed.                                                     Nicholas Wiseman,
                                                                  first Archbishop of Westminster.


In 1850 the Roman Catholic hierarchy was
restored, dioceses set up, and Nicholas
Wiseman appointed first Archbishop of
Westminster.


                                 Westminster Cathedral, started in 1895



                                                                                           Return home
Religious Freedom in a Changing World

At the same time the increase in urban
population led to the creation of new
Church of England dioceses.




             The Cathedral of the Diocese of
             Liverpool which was founded in 1889




                                                   Return home
Evangelical & Catholic Revival

The impact of the late eighteenth
century European evangelical revival
gave a new missionary zeal to that
party within the Church of England.

This was followed by an equally
significant catholic rebirth led by John
Keble, Edward Bouverie Pusey and
John Henry Newman, the latter a child
of the evangelical revival.

Newman’s developing understanding
of the nature of the Church eventually
led him to the Church of Rome

                                           Cardinal John Henry Newman
                                              © National Portrait Gallery, London
                                                                                    Return home
Evangelical & Catholic Revival

Rooted in a discovery of the teaching of
the early church, catholic revival
emphasised order, dignity and beauty in
worship; and, together with the insights of
evangelical leaders, an emphasis on
holiness.




The Anglican Benedictine Community of St Mary’s Abbey,   Early 20th century reredos, Wymondham Abbey
West Malling at the daily office

                                                                                            Return home
The English Cathedral

The cathedral is the focus of the Bishop’s
ministry within the diocese and a centre of
mission and education. Today cathedrals
have become powerhouses for the
Church.

They attract large numbers of people who
come as seekers, pilgrims and tourists
many of whom find the anonymity of a
large church initially helpful in exploring    The Lichfield Festival
their spiritual journey. Here they find
counsel, hospitality, patronage of the arts,
inspiring architecture, fine music and
liturgy, together with opportunities for
learning.
Next slide:
The vibrant life of Norwich Cathedral
                                                                        Return home
The English Cathedral
Scenes from Cathedral life




                             Return home
The Church of England & the Crown

The English monarch is still
anointed and crowned by the
Archbishop of Canterbury and
exercises the position of
“Supreme Governor” of the
Church of England. With the
evolution of constitutional
monarchy these powers are now
exercised through Parliament        The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, 1953
but with Royal Assent. It was
through Parliament that the laity
were first given a voice in the
governance of the Church.



                                                                                 Return home
The Church of England & the Crown

In recent years the
Church, through its
General Synod, has been
given greater
responsibility in ordering
its own affairs,
particularly in worship
and doctrine, and in the
consultation process
leading to the
appointment of its
bishops by the Crown.
                             General Synod, February 2009




                                                            Return home
The Church of England and the Beginnings
of a World Communion
As British colonists and merchants spread
across the globe, Church of England
chaplains followed, under the jurisdiction of
the Bishop of London.

When the American colonies became
independent a constitution was drawn up
for the Anglican Church there and bishops
were consecrated. In 1787 there followed
a bishop for Nova Scotia and in 1814 the
diocese of Calcutta was established.


                                                Declaration of Independence 1776




                                                                                   Return home
The Emergence of a World Communion

As the number of new dioceses grew, so
did the need for doctrinal coherence and
discipline. The Colenso controversy in
South Africa encouraged Archbishop
Longley to call the first Lambeth
Conference in 1867.




 Lambeth Conference, 1867
                                Lambeth Palace, A view cross the Thames, 1750

                                                                                Return home
The Emergence of a World Communion

 The Lambeth Conference
                   1998




                          The Lambeth Conference
                          2008

                                                   Return home
The Emergence of a World Communion

The Archbishop of Canterbury is not only Primate of the Church of
England, he is also President of the world-wide Anglican Communion.




2009 Primates’ Meeting,
Alexandria, Egypt




                                                                Return home
The Emergence of a World Communion

The worldwide Anglican Communion now
comprises more than 80 million members in 44
regional and national member churches around
the globe in more than 160 countries.
A full list of the 44 different churches (34
provinces, 4 United Churches, and 6 other
churches) can be found at the Anglican
Communion website:
www.anglicancommunion.org




                                               Return home
Ecumenism – The Search for Unity

Four centuries of separation have been
followed by a century of healing as both at
the international and the local level
Christians have debated, explored and co-
operated together.


The first meeting between an Archbishop
of Canterbury and a Pope since the
Reformation took place in 1960 when
Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher visited Pope
John XXIII.


                                              Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher



                                                                           Return home
Ecumenism – The Search for Unity
The Second Vatican Council’s Decree on
Ecumenism (1964) opened the way for the
establishment of the Anglican-Roman
Catholic International Commission. This
dialogue has enabled the Churches to
make great strides towards unity.


Meanwhile in 1966 Archbishop Michael
Ramsey with the encouragement of Pope
Paul VI established the Anglican Centre in
Rome.

                    Pope Paul VI and Archbishop Ramsey, 1966

               The Queen at the Anglican Centre in Rome, 2000




                                                                Return home
Ecumenism – The Search for Unity

As Archbishop Ramsey was leaving the
1966 Vatican meeting, Pope Paul handed
him his own episcopal ring. Since then
the ring has been worn by Archbishops of
Canterbury whenever they meet the Pope.
                                         .

                                                                  The episcopal ring: “I felt vividly”, said Ramsey,
                                                                  “that he was giving me a piece of himself.”




                                                    This tradition continues under the
                                                    present Archbishop, Dr Rowan Williams,
                                                    who has met on several occasions with
                                                    Pope Benedict XVI and his predecessor.
Archbishop Rowan and Pope Benedict, November 2009
                                                                                                          Return home
Ecumenism – The Search for Unity
                      2006
 Roman Catholic Bishops of
     England and Wales and
 Church of England Bishops
hold a joint meeting in Leeds




                            2009
                            Greetings from the Archbishop of
                            Canterbury at the Installation of the
                            Archbishop of Westminster
                                                                    Return home
Growing Together
In 1976, the church of St John the Baptist
in Norwich became the cathedral of the
new Catholic diocese of East Anglia. St
John’s and Norwich Anglican Cathedral
work together as leading members of the
ecumenical partnership in the city.




                                                      The Roman Catholic Cathedral in Norwich


                             Opening the Jubilee Door at St
                             John the Baptist Cathedral


                                                                                                Return home
Growing Together in Worship

The desire for Christian unity has been a
powerful motive force in the renewal of
worship.

Roman Catholic and Anglican scholars
have both contributed to the recovery of
the early shape of the Eucharistic liturgy
and other Communions have arrived at a
similar common pattern.




               The Sunday Eucharist at Norwich Anglican Cathedral




                                                                    Return home
Growing Together in Worship

Translators have since provided agreed
English- language texts for the Churches
to share. Sunday by Sunday Christians
now follow the same readings from
scripture.

When the Queen received the first copy of
Common Worship, the new Prayer Book, it
marked a key point in the renewal of the The Queen opening of copy of the new prayer
                                          book at the
                                                      receives a
                                                                 General Synod, 2000
Church of England’s liturgy.                         © PA/John Stillwell




                                                                                  Return home
Growing Together: Church & Society

The Churches together in
England have contributed both
jointly and severally to action
on current social issues; the
campaign on climate change,
support for asylum-seekers,
and challenging the call for
euthanasia are all cases in
point. The churches are ever
active in the relief of
homelessness and poverty.              The Archbishop of Canterbury with Cardinal Cormac Murphy O’Connor
                                       and other faith leaders on a Walk of Witness, July 2008.




Next slide:
Churches working with the vulnerable
                                                                                                 Return home
Growing Together:
Church & Society




 A traditional birth attendant in Bangaldesh (above)
 Welcoming asylum seekers (top right)
 Caring for the homeless (right)

                                                       Return home
Growing Together: Church & Society

Both the Anglican and Roman Catholic
Churches have made a particular
contribution in the field of education
through their church schools. The Church
of England continues to be involved in a
distinctive way in the life of the nation
through its bishops sitting in the House of
Lords.




                The Bishop of Norwich encourages work in education
                and learns from the younger generation




                                                                     Return home
Growing Together: Church & Society




     The Archbishops of Canterbury and Westminster campaign for Climate Change – The Wave 2009

                                                                                                 Return home
Continuity, Change and Covenant
Since 2002, successive Archbishops of Canterbury and Westminster,
along with the other two co-presidents of Churches Together in
England, have made a personal covenant:
We believe in the Triune God: the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Because we confess "one,
holy, catholic and apostolic church" our paramount ecumenical task is to show forth this
unity, which is always a gift of God. Jesus Christ revealed to us on the cross his love and
the mystery of reconciliation; as his followers, we intend to do our utmost to overcome the
problems and obstacles that still divide the churches.


We rejoice that the Churches in England are steadily growing closer in mutual trust and
respect. As Presidents of Churches Together in England we have in common many joys
and hopes, and we have much to offer and to receive from one another in the rich diversity
of our traditions.
                                                                            continued ….



                                                                                      Return home
Continuity, Change and Covenant



We believe that in our common pilgrimage we are being led by the Holy Spirit, and that
God the Father, through our Lord Jesus Christ, is calling us to a deeper unity and to a
greater sharing in our mission in his world.

We therefore commit ourselves
to persevere in seeking a common understanding of Christ's message of salvation in the
Gospel;
in the power of the Holy Spirit, to work towards the visible unity of the Church of Jesus
Christ in the one faith, expressed in common discipleship, worship, witness and service.

                                                                               continued ….



                                                                                     Return home
Continuity, Change and Covenant



We commit ourselves
to persevere in seeking a common understanding of Christ's message of salvation in the
Gospel;
in the power of the Holy Spirit, to work towards the visible unity of the Church of Jesus
Christ in the one faith, expressed in common discipleship, worship, witness and service.
We undertake
to develop our mutual friendship and support,
to pray, study and work together for the unity and mission of the Church,
to consult together on issues affecting the common good,
to promote justice, integrity and peace,
to speak with one voice to give common witness to Jesus Christ, as far as we are able.



                                                                                     Return home
About the presentation
This presentation is based on the Exhibition held in the Vatican Museums in 2002,
arranged by Her Majesty's Ambassador to the Holy See and the Dean and Chapter of
Norwich, at the invitation of the Roman Catholic Church.

As part of its role of fostering friendly and informed relations between the Anglican
Communion and the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Centre in Rome has
updated the Exhibition in digital form, and now makes it available as this Powerpoint
Presentation and as an on-line version to be seen at
www.anglicancentreinrome.org/anglicanism .

The Anglican Centre depends largely on individual donations to finance its work and its
presence in the heart of Rome. You are invited to support the Centre through prayer
and giving. To make a donation go to www.anglicancentreinrome.org/donate .

If you would like to be kept informed about the Anglican Centre, send a message to
centro@anglicancentre.it .


                                           Acknowledgements and copyright next page


                                                                                        Return home
Acknowledgements and copyright
The Anglican Centre in Rome gratefully acknowledges permission to use the images in this presentation.

Thanks are due to the Dean and Chapter of Norwich for making material available, and to the Catholic League for
their generous financial support of the project.

Copyright-holders, where they have been traced, have given their permission for the use of images solely in this
presentation. Images should not be reproduced without obtaining permission from the copyright-holders.

The Anglican Centre in Rome apologises if any copyright has been infringed and will rectify any error.

Images - Copyright holders:

Continuity and Change
Norwich Cathedral - Public Domain
The Re-evangelisation of England
The Martyrdom of Alban - Unknown
Cross of the Scriptures - Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin
Pectoral Cross - The Dean & Chapter of Durham
St Felix - Woodmansterne, The Dean & Chapter of Norwich
The Foundations of the Church in England
St Luke's Gospel - The Master and Fellows of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
North Elmham - Stephen Hayward
The Consolidation of Norman Power
Book of Job from Bury Bible - The Master and Fellows of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge
City of Norwich - Norwich Union, artist Tom Griffiths
Bayeaux Tapestry - Public domain
The English Parish Church
St Mary Worstead - Richard Tilbrook
SS Peter & Paul, Salle - Richard Tilbrook
Tomb of Lord & Lady Bardolph,Dennington --Richard Tilbrook

                                                                  More acknowledgements and copyright next

                                                                                                                   Return home
Acknowledgements and copyright continued
Images - Copyright holders:

The Benedictines
Pulpit panel. Horsham St Faith, Norfolk - EM Trendell
Norwich Cathedral - Heritage House Group
Prior's Door - EM Trendell
A School of the Lord’s Service
Monks in Choir - Unknown
Norwich Cathedral Choir - Jacqueline Wyatt
Eadwine - The Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge
The Break with Rome
Henry VIII -Studio of Hans Holbein the Younger, Portrait of Henry VIII, from the Castle Howard Collection
Walsingham Arch - Public domain
The Great Bible - By permission of the Master and Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge
The English Reformation
Rood screen, Beeston-next-Mileham - Stephen Hayward
The Frontispiece of the Book of Common Prayer - Public domain
A mutilated boss, Norwich Cathedral - Julia Hedgecoe
Defaced rood screen - Stephen Haywood
The Catholic Restoration
The Burning of Archbishop Thomas Cranmer - The Trustees of Lambeth Palace Library
The Elizabethan Settlement
Elizabeth - Public domain
Bylaugh Church - Richard Tilbrook
Richard Hooker - Public domain
The Act of Supremacy - The National Archives, ref. C65/143 m.5
Catholic Recusancy
Priest's Hole, Harvington Hall - The Archdiocese of Birmingham
Gunpowder Plot Conspiracy - National Portrait Gallery, London
Oxburgh Hall - The National Trust Photographic Library / Matthew Antrobus
Stonor Country Life - Picture Gallery / Paul Barker


                                                                     More acknowledgements and copyright next
                                                                                                            Return home
Acknowledgements and copyright continued

Images - Copyright holders:

The Civil War
Laudian Screen, Brancepeth - Country Life Picture Gallery / Paul Barker
Return of Charles II - The Trustees of Lambeth Palace Library
Execution of Charles I - National Portrait Gallery, London
Non-conformity or Protestant Dissent
Oulton Church, Norfolk - Public domain
John Wesley Preaching - Guildhall Museum, Boston, Lincs
John Bunyan - Bunyan Meeting Free Church
Religious Freedom in a Changing World
Nicholas Wiseman - Public domain
Westminster Catholic Cathedral - Public domain
Liverpool Cathedral -- Public domain
The Evangelical and Catholic Revival
West Malling Anglican Benedictine Community - Michael Harris
John Henry Newman (Millais) - National Portrait Gallery, London
Wymondam Abbey Reredos - -Des Adams Photography
The English Cathedral
Lichfield Festival - Lichfield Festival Office
St John's Cathedral, Norwich - Public domain
Wedding - Coes of Castle Meadow, Norwich
The Church of England and the Crown
Queen visiting the Centre - Anglican Centre in Rome
Archbishop Fisher crowns Queen Elizabeth II - The Trustees of Lambeth Palace Library

                                                                  More acknowledgements and copyright next


                                                                                                        Return home
Acknowledgements and copyright continued

Images - Copyright holders:

The Emergence of a World Communion
Lambeth Palace - The Trustees of Lambeth Palace Library
The Anglican Communion - The Anglican Communion Office
Lambeth Conference 1867 - The Anglican Communion Office
Lambeth Conference 1998 - The Anglican Communion Office
Lambeth Conference 2008 - The Anglican Communion Office
Ecumenism – the Search for Unity
Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher - Lambeth Palace
The Second Vatican Council -Public domain
Pope Paul VI and Archbishop - Public domain
The Episcopal Ring - Archbishop of Canterbury
2006 Roman Catholic Bishops - Catholic Bishops Conference of England and Wales
Greetings from the Archbishop - Catholic Bishops Conference of England and Wales
Growing Together in Worship
Norwich Anglican Cathedral Norman Carmichael
Queen receiving Common Worship - PA Photos / John Stillwell
Growing Together: Church and Society
Walk of Witness - Lambeth Palace
Asia Begum - Christian Aid / Elaine Dulgenan
Caring for the Homeless - St Botolph's, Aldgate
Welcoming Asylum seekers - The Diocese of Norwich
The Bishop of Norwich - The Diocese of Norwich
Continuity, Change and Commitment
The Wave Catholic - Bishops Conference of England and Wales




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Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition (c) Anglican Centre in Rome 09.2010

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Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition (c) Anglican Centre in Rome 09.2010

  • 1. Welcome to Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition Continuity and Change Click mouse or space bar to continue
  • 2. Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition Continuity and Change A presentation based upon the exhibition produced by the Dean and Chapter of Norwich Cathedral in conjunction with the British Ambassador to the Holy See and hosted in the Vatican Museums in 2002, now updated and made available electronically by the Anglican Centre in Rome. The Anglican Centre in Rome Norwich Cathedral
  • 3. The 2002 Exhibition Temporary image The Exhibition was held in the Salone Sistino of the Vatican Museums at the invitation of the Roman Catholic Church.
  • 4. Continuity and Change Despite more than four hundred years of separation since the Reformation, Anglicans remain part of the Western Christian tradition. Living apart has meant, however, that there has been change as well as continuity. Here the diocese of Norwich is used as a specific case study to help unfold a rich and intriguing history.
  • 5. Contents click on any heading to go to the relevant page 1.Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition: Continuity and Change 2.The Re-evangelisation of England 3.The Foundations of the Church in England 4.The Consolidation of Norman Power 5.The English Parish Church 6.The Benedictines 7.A School of the Lord’s Service 8.The Break with Rome 9.The English Reformation 10.The Catholic Restoration 11.The Elizabethan Settlement 12.Catholic Recusancy 13.The Civil War 14.Non-conformity or Protestant Dissent 15.Religious Freedom in a Changing World 16.The Evangelical and Catholic Revival 17.The Church of England and the Crown 18.The Emergence of a World Communion 19.Ecumenism – the Search for Unity 20.Growing Together in Worship 21.Church and Society 22.Cathedrals Today Acknowledgements and Copyright Copyright-holders, where they have been traced, have given their permission for the use of images solely in this presentation. Images should not be reproduced without obtaining permission from the copyright-holders.
  • 6. Anglicanism and the Western Christian Tradition Continuity & Change ‘Anglicanism’, as it has come to be known, traces its roots to the church in England which parted from the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome during the sixteenth century European Reformation. Despite more than four hundred years of separation, Anglicans remain part of the Western Christian tradition. Living apart has meant, however, that there has been change as well as continuity. The ancient dioceses of the Church of England reflect this in different ways. Here the diocese of Norwich is used as a specific case study to help unfold a rich and intriguing history. This presentation seeks to tell something of this story. Return home
  • 7. The Re-evangelisation of England The martyrdom of St Alban is evidence that there were Christians in England in the third century. Later Anglo-Saxon invasions helped paganism to reassert itself after the departure of the Roman legions. The Martyrdom of St Alban c305 Return home
  • 8. The Re-evangelisation of England The country was re-evangelised in the north from Iona by Irish-Celtic monks, led by St Aidan. In the south, missionaries came from Rome sent by Pope Gregory the Great and led by St Augustine. In East Anglia, St Fursey from Ireland and St Felix, a Burgundian bishop sent from Canterbury, spearheaded a similar ‘dual The pectoral cross found with St Cuthbert’s relics in Durham mission’ in 635 Bottom: Christians at Prayer. Wall decoration at Next slide: Lullingstone Roman Villa, Kent 10th Century Irish High Cross from Clonmacnoise St Felix, Apostle of East Anglia Return home
  • 9. ‘Cross of the Scriptures’, a 10th Century Irish High Cross from Clonmacnoise, Ireland St Felix, Apostle of East Anglia. The 12th century relief in Norwich Cathedral Return home
  • 10. The Foundations of the Church in England Theodore of Tarsus became Archbishop of Canterbury in 668. He inherited a Church with seven huge dioceses each serving one of the principal Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. To bring order and structure to the English Church he created smaller dioceses. In 673 he divided the East North Elmham, the site of the 10th century Cathedral of East Anglia Anglian see with bishops based at Felixstowe and Elmham. Although his overall plans did not come to full fruition in his lifetime, he had laid good foundations. By 1066 there were fifteen dioceses. Norfolk and Suffolk, however, were once again a single diocese based on North Elmham. Stones from North Elmham provide a link with the first Bishop’s Throne Return home
  • 11. St Luke from the Gospel A fragment from the decrees of a Council Book of St Augustine of Bishops held at Clofesho in 747 Background: North Elham, the site of the 10th century Cathedral of East Anglia Return home
  • 12. The Consolidation of Norman Power The conquest of England by William of Normandy drew the country closer to the Continent and its cultural and religious influences. Norman policy was to centre power on the principal commercial cities. To this end cathedrals were re-located: Selsey gave place to Chichester, Dorchester to Lincoln, and The Bayeux Tapestry – the Normans land in England, 1066 Crediton to Exeter. Return home
  • 13. The Consolidation of Norman Power Bishop Herfast moved the East Anglian see from Elmham to Thetford. Finally, Herbert de Losinga, a Benedictine bishop from Normandy, built his cathedral at Norwich in 1096 alongside the new Norman castle. Apart from the Abbey at Bury St Edmunds, his cathedral was the greatest church in East Anglia. Next slide: The medieval city of Norwich dominated by Castle and Cathedral Return home
  • 14. The medieval city of Norwich dominated by Castle and Cathedral Return home
  • 15. The English Parish Central churches staffed by secular or monastic clergy provided a focus for mission and ministry amongst the smaller tribal communities of Anglo-Saxon England. In Norman times the manor became the local administrative unit. Churches were built by monastic communities, local lords and others to serve the people living on their estates The wealth of the wool trade: St Mary’s Worstead, Norfolk Return home
  • 16. The English Parish Over the centuries wealthy parishioners beautified and enlarged their churches and left fine monuments to their name. In East Anglia mediaeval trade with Europe, particularly in wool, generated considerable wealth making Norwich the second city in the land. The alabaster tomb of Lord and Lady Bardolph (1441), benefactors of Dennington Church, Suffolk A typical English parish church interior: SS Peter and Paul, Salle in Norfolk Return home
  • 17. The Benedictines The new cathedral at Norwich was staffed by a community of Benedictine monks. Cathedrals in the care of religious communities were unique to England. This tradition had been inherited from the Anglo-Saxon Church. The bishop was the Abbot, but the Prior administered the cathedral and the monastic community. Canterbury, Winchester and Durham were among those served by monastic communities and many of the great churchmen of the day, such as Lanfranc and Anselm, were monks. St Benedict (and St Leonard) from the pulpit at Horsham St Faith, Norfolk. 15th century Return home
  • 18. The Benedictines At Norwich the bishop and his household lived north of the cathedral, while the monastic buildings lay to the south. The largest surviving monastic cloister The Prior’s door, Norwich Cathedral in England, Norwich Cathedral Return home
  • 19. A School of the Lord’s Service The 12th century The Rule of St Benedict envisaged ‘a monastic scribe school of learning in the Lord’s service’ Eadwine at work undergirded by prayer, manual work and hospitality. Able Norwich monks studied at Oxford and one, Adam Easton, served in the Roman curia and was created cardinal in 1381 by Pope Urban VI. The daily round of services – the Opus Dei – was the main work of the community. Monks in choir, from a late medieval Psalter Return home
  • 20. A School of the Lord’s Service Following the Reformation in 1549 Archbishop Cranmer transposed the monastic hours to form the Prayer Book offices of Mattins and Evensong. The present cathedral foundation sings Evensong each day, continuing a tradition almost unbroken since the Reformation. The choir of Norwich Cathedral sing in the medieval monks’ stalls, Return home
  • 21. The Break with Rome Henry VIII When Henry VIII wrote a defence of the Studio of Hans Holbein the Seven Sacraments in 1521, Pope Leo X Younger, from the Castle awarded him the title ‘Defender of the Howard Collection Faith’. A series of parliamentary enactments culminated in the Act of Supremacy (1534) declaring Henry supreme head of the English Church. Nevertheless determined to annul his first marriage with or without Papal sanction, Henry appointed an able scholar, Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury. The Great Bible in English, ordered by Henry VIII to be set up in all churches, Return home
  • 22. The Break with Rome The resistance of leading churchmen like Bishop John Fisher and Henry’s former Chancellor, Thomas More, resulted in their West front, execution. Castle Acre The king proceeded to dissolve the monasteries, secularising their property, but continued to resist doctrinal reform. A surviving archway from the medieval priory at Walsingham, Norfolk Return home
  • 23. The English Reformation Religious change gained momentum with a series of parliamentary statutes under the boy-king Edward VI. By now Cranmer, with support from the king and others, favoured more radical reform on continental lines. Iconoclasm was licensed, the chantries were abolished. The destruction of images. The defaced rood screen of Beeston-next-Milehan, Norfolk. De la Warr Chantry, Boxgrove Priorry Next slide: The destruction of images: cloister boss Return home
  • 24. The destruction of images: a mutilated cloister boss, Norwich Cathedral Return home
  • 25. The English Reformation Cranmer’s vernacular liturgical projects resulted in the first English Prayer Books of 1549 and 1552. Despite Cranmer’s increasingly protestant intentions, particularly with regard to eucharistic doctrine, the new liturgy still retained much material from the medieval service books, and was, by continental protestant standards, suspiciously catholic. Now reshaped, the services of the Church invited fuller participation by the laity. The frontispiece of the Book of Common Prayer,1552 Return home
  • 26. The Catholic Restoration Edward VI’s death in 1553 led to the accession of the devoutly Catholic Mary, and a policy of restoring Catholicism to England. Cranmer, with other key reformers, was burned at the stake. There were many martyrs on both sides of the religious divide. Here, Archbishop Cranmer is burnt at the stake. Engravng from Foxe’s Book of Martyrs Return home
  • 27. The Elizabethan Settlement The catholic restoration collapsed with Mary’s death (1558) and the accession of her half-sister, Elizabeth, who was determined to pursue a less radical Protestantism. The Act of Supremacy (1559) against which all the bishops present voted, made the Queen supreme governor of the Church in England. Elizabeth I The Act of Supremacy National Archives Return home
  • 28. The Elizabethan Settlement Puritans hoped for more sweeping reform. But in the search for identity, exemplified in the writings of Richard Hooker and others, the newly emerging Church of England preserved many aspects of the “old religion”, including the three-fold ministry of bishops, priests and deacons. Richard Hooker Next slide: A post-Reformation church interior Return home
  • 29. The Elizabethan Settlement A post-Reformation church interior reflects the new emphasis on Scripture and preaching. Bylaugh Church, Norfolk Return home
  • 30. Continuing Catholicism - Recusancy Elizabeth’s excommunication, by Pope Pius V in 1570, further polarised her subjects. His Bull, Regnans in Excelsis, absolved Catholics of their allegiance to the Queen, necessitating once again a new and political choice between loyalty to the Crown and loyalty to The Gunpowder Plot conspirators who attempted to blow up Parliament in 1605. the Pope. © National Portrait Gallery, London Return home
  • 31. Continuing Catholicism - Recusancy Catholics showed much courage in living out their faith. Seminaries such as Douai in France and the Venerable English College in Rome trained priests for clandestine service in England. Those caught were tortured and executed. Despite periodic outbursts of persecution, there was a good deal of co-existence and Catholicism remained strong, notably in some great aristocratic houses. A priest’s hole. Harvington Hall, Worcestershire Next slide: The houses of Catholic recusant families Return home
  • 32. Continuing Catholicism - Recusancy The houses of catholic recusant families: Oxburgh Hall , Norfolk (top) Stonor Park, Oxfordshire (right) Return home
  • 33. 1642 – 1651 The Civil War Archbishop William Laud, supported by King Charles I, who was married to the Catholic Henrietta Maria, emphasised the sacramental value of the Church of England and its continuity with its catholic past. This caused fierce opposition, as did the King’s disregard for Parliament and his belief in a divine right to rule. Civil The execution of Charles I at the war resulted. Both Archbishop Laud Banqueting House, Westminster, 1649 and Charles were executed. © National Portrait Gallery, London Episcopacy was abolished and for a decade the Church of England formally became Presbyterian. Return home
  • 34. 1642 – 1651 The Civil War But a new age did not dawn and in 1660 the monarchy was restored, episcopacy re-established and the Prayer Book revised. The return of Charles II as king in 1660. Return home
  • 35. Non-conformity or Protestant Dissent The Act of Uniformity in1662 made dissenters of those radical Protestants who refused to conform to the Church of England. Their varying views on matters of doctrine and church government created different communities which eventually became Oulton Congregational Church, Norfolk known as Baptist, Congregationalist and Quaker. Next slide: John Bunyan in prison Return home
  • 36. John Bunyan, author of Pilgrim’s Progress, in Bedford Prison, from a window in the Bunyan Meeting Free Church, Bedford Return home
  • 37. Non-conformity or Protestant Dissent In the eighteenth century John Wesley, a priest of the Church of England, developed an itinerant preaching ministry challenging his hearers to live by ‘scriptural holiness’. His converts were known as Methodists and formed societies which eventually broke away from the Established Church. John Wesley preaching from his father’s tomb in Epworth Return home
  • 38. Religious Freedom in a Changing World From the end of the 17th Century a new spirit of toleration began to grow in English society. Eventually this led to the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts in 1828, which had restricted the civil rights of Non- Conformists. In 1829 the Catholic Emancipation Act followed. Nicholas Wiseman, first Archbishop of Westminster. In 1850 the Roman Catholic hierarchy was restored, dioceses set up, and Nicholas Wiseman appointed first Archbishop of Westminster. Westminster Cathedral, started in 1895 Return home
  • 39. Religious Freedom in a Changing World At the same time the increase in urban population led to the creation of new Church of England dioceses. The Cathedral of the Diocese of Liverpool which was founded in 1889 Return home
  • 40. Evangelical & Catholic Revival The impact of the late eighteenth century European evangelical revival gave a new missionary zeal to that party within the Church of England. This was followed by an equally significant catholic rebirth led by John Keble, Edward Bouverie Pusey and John Henry Newman, the latter a child of the evangelical revival. Newman’s developing understanding of the nature of the Church eventually led him to the Church of Rome Cardinal John Henry Newman © National Portrait Gallery, London Return home
  • 41. Evangelical & Catholic Revival Rooted in a discovery of the teaching of the early church, catholic revival emphasised order, dignity and beauty in worship; and, together with the insights of evangelical leaders, an emphasis on holiness. The Anglican Benedictine Community of St Mary’s Abbey, Early 20th century reredos, Wymondham Abbey West Malling at the daily office Return home
  • 42. The English Cathedral The cathedral is the focus of the Bishop’s ministry within the diocese and a centre of mission and education. Today cathedrals have become powerhouses for the Church. They attract large numbers of people who come as seekers, pilgrims and tourists many of whom find the anonymity of a large church initially helpful in exploring The Lichfield Festival their spiritual journey. Here they find counsel, hospitality, patronage of the arts, inspiring architecture, fine music and liturgy, together with opportunities for learning. Next slide: The vibrant life of Norwich Cathedral Return home
  • 43. The English Cathedral Scenes from Cathedral life Return home
  • 44. The Church of England & the Crown The English monarch is still anointed and crowned by the Archbishop of Canterbury and exercises the position of “Supreme Governor” of the Church of England. With the evolution of constitutional monarchy these powers are now exercised through Parliament The Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II, 1953 but with Royal Assent. It was through Parliament that the laity were first given a voice in the governance of the Church. Return home
  • 45. The Church of England & the Crown In recent years the Church, through its General Synod, has been given greater responsibility in ordering its own affairs, particularly in worship and doctrine, and in the consultation process leading to the appointment of its bishops by the Crown. General Synod, February 2009 Return home
  • 46. The Church of England and the Beginnings of a World Communion As British colonists and merchants spread across the globe, Church of England chaplains followed, under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of London. When the American colonies became independent a constitution was drawn up for the Anglican Church there and bishops were consecrated. In 1787 there followed a bishop for Nova Scotia and in 1814 the diocese of Calcutta was established. Declaration of Independence 1776 Return home
  • 47. The Emergence of a World Communion As the number of new dioceses grew, so did the need for doctrinal coherence and discipline. The Colenso controversy in South Africa encouraged Archbishop Longley to call the first Lambeth Conference in 1867. Lambeth Conference, 1867 Lambeth Palace, A view cross the Thames, 1750 Return home
  • 48. The Emergence of a World Communion The Lambeth Conference 1998 The Lambeth Conference 2008 Return home
  • 49. The Emergence of a World Communion The Archbishop of Canterbury is not only Primate of the Church of England, he is also President of the world-wide Anglican Communion. 2009 Primates’ Meeting, Alexandria, Egypt Return home
  • 50. The Emergence of a World Communion The worldwide Anglican Communion now comprises more than 80 million members in 44 regional and national member churches around the globe in more than 160 countries. A full list of the 44 different churches (34 provinces, 4 United Churches, and 6 other churches) can be found at the Anglican Communion website: www.anglicancommunion.org Return home
  • 51. Ecumenism – The Search for Unity Four centuries of separation have been followed by a century of healing as both at the international and the local level Christians have debated, explored and co- operated together. The first meeting between an Archbishop of Canterbury and a Pope since the Reformation took place in 1960 when Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher visited Pope John XXIII. Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher Return home
  • 52. Ecumenism – The Search for Unity The Second Vatican Council’s Decree on Ecumenism (1964) opened the way for the establishment of the Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission. This dialogue has enabled the Churches to make great strides towards unity. Meanwhile in 1966 Archbishop Michael Ramsey with the encouragement of Pope Paul VI established the Anglican Centre in Rome. Pope Paul VI and Archbishop Ramsey, 1966 The Queen at the Anglican Centre in Rome, 2000 Return home
  • 53. Ecumenism – The Search for Unity As Archbishop Ramsey was leaving the 1966 Vatican meeting, Pope Paul handed him his own episcopal ring. Since then the ring has been worn by Archbishops of Canterbury whenever they meet the Pope. . The episcopal ring: “I felt vividly”, said Ramsey, “that he was giving me a piece of himself.” This tradition continues under the present Archbishop, Dr Rowan Williams, who has met on several occasions with Pope Benedict XVI and his predecessor. Archbishop Rowan and Pope Benedict, November 2009 Return home
  • 54. Ecumenism – The Search for Unity 2006 Roman Catholic Bishops of England and Wales and Church of England Bishops hold a joint meeting in Leeds 2009 Greetings from the Archbishop of Canterbury at the Installation of the Archbishop of Westminster Return home
  • 55. Growing Together In 1976, the church of St John the Baptist in Norwich became the cathedral of the new Catholic diocese of East Anglia. St John’s and Norwich Anglican Cathedral work together as leading members of the ecumenical partnership in the city. The Roman Catholic Cathedral in Norwich Opening the Jubilee Door at St John the Baptist Cathedral Return home
  • 56. Growing Together in Worship The desire for Christian unity has been a powerful motive force in the renewal of worship. Roman Catholic and Anglican scholars have both contributed to the recovery of the early shape of the Eucharistic liturgy and other Communions have arrived at a similar common pattern. The Sunday Eucharist at Norwich Anglican Cathedral Return home
  • 57. Growing Together in Worship Translators have since provided agreed English- language texts for the Churches to share. Sunday by Sunday Christians now follow the same readings from scripture. When the Queen received the first copy of Common Worship, the new Prayer Book, it marked a key point in the renewal of the The Queen opening of copy of the new prayer book at the receives a General Synod, 2000 Church of England’s liturgy. © PA/John Stillwell Return home
  • 58. Growing Together: Church & Society The Churches together in England have contributed both jointly and severally to action on current social issues; the campaign on climate change, support for asylum-seekers, and challenging the call for euthanasia are all cases in point. The churches are ever active in the relief of homelessness and poverty. The Archbishop of Canterbury with Cardinal Cormac Murphy O’Connor and other faith leaders on a Walk of Witness, July 2008. Next slide: Churches working with the vulnerable Return home
  • 59. Growing Together: Church & Society A traditional birth attendant in Bangaldesh (above) Welcoming asylum seekers (top right) Caring for the homeless (right) Return home
  • 60. Growing Together: Church & Society Both the Anglican and Roman Catholic Churches have made a particular contribution in the field of education through their church schools. The Church of England continues to be involved in a distinctive way in the life of the nation through its bishops sitting in the House of Lords. The Bishop of Norwich encourages work in education and learns from the younger generation Return home
  • 61. Growing Together: Church & Society The Archbishops of Canterbury and Westminster campaign for Climate Change – The Wave 2009 Return home
  • 62. Continuity, Change and Covenant Since 2002, successive Archbishops of Canterbury and Westminster, along with the other two co-presidents of Churches Together in England, have made a personal covenant: We believe in the Triune God: the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. Because we confess "one, holy, catholic and apostolic church" our paramount ecumenical task is to show forth this unity, which is always a gift of God. Jesus Christ revealed to us on the cross his love and the mystery of reconciliation; as his followers, we intend to do our utmost to overcome the problems and obstacles that still divide the churches. We rejoice that the Churches in England are steadily growing closer in mutual trust and respect. As Presidents of Churches Together in England we have in common many joys and hopes, and we have much to offer and to receive from one another in the rich diversity of our traditions. continued …. Return home
  • 63. Continuity, Change and Covenant We believe that in our common pilgrimage we are being led by the Holy Spirit, and that God the Father, through our Lord Jesus Christ, is calling us to a deeper unity and to a greater sharing in our mission in his world. We therefore commit ourselves to persevere in seeking a common understanding of Christ's message of salvation in the Gospel; in the power of the Holy Spirit, to work towards the visible unity of the Church of Jesus Christ in the one faith, expressed in common discipleship, worship, witness and service. continued …. Return home
  • 64. Continuity, Change and Covenant We commit ourselves to persevere in seeking a common understanding of Christ's message of salvation in the Gospel; in the power of the Holy Spirit, to work towards the visible unity of the Church of Jesus Christ in the one faith, expressed in common discipleship, worship, witness and service. We undertake to develop our mutual friendship and support, to pray, study and work together for the unity and mission of the Church, to consult together on issues affecting the common good, to promote justice, integrity and peace, to speak with one voice to give common witness to Jesus Christ, as far as we are able. Return home
  • 65. About the presentation This presentation is based on the Exhibition held in the Vatican Museums in 2002, arranged by Her Majesty's Ambassador to the Holy See and the Dean and Chapter of Norwich, at the invitation of the Roman Catholic Church. As part of its role of fostering friendly and informed relations between the Anglican Communion and the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Centre in Rome has updated the Exhibition in digital form, and now makes it available as this Powerpoint Presentation and as an on-line version to be seen at www.anglicancentreinrome.org/anglicanism . The Anglican Centre depends largely on individual donations to finance its work and its presence in the heart of Rome. You are invited to support the Centre through prayer and giving. To make a donation go to www.anglicancentreinrome.org/donate . If you would like to be kept informed about the Anglican Centre, send a message to centro@anglicancentre.it . Acknowledgements and copyright next page Return home
  • 66. Acknowledgements and copyright The Anglican Centre in Rome gratefully acknowledges permission to use the images in this presentation. Thanks are due to the Dean and Chapter of Norwich for making material available, and to the Catholic League for their generous financial support of the project. Copyright-holders, where they have been traced, have given their permission for the use of images solely in this presentation. Images should not be reproduced without obtaining permission from the copyright-holders. The Anglican Centre in Rome apologises if any copyright has been infringed and will rectify any error. Images - Copyright holders: Continuity and Change Norwich Cathedral - Public Domain The Re-evangelisation of England The Martyrdom of Alban - Unknown Cross of the Scriptures - Department of Environment, Heritage and Local Government, Dublin Pectoral Cross - The Dean & Chapter of Durham St Felix - Woodmansterne, The Dean & Chapter of Norwich The Foundations of the Church in England St Luke's Gospel - The Master and Fellows of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge North Elmham - Stephen Hayward The Consolidation of Norman Power Book of Job from Bury Bible - The Master and Fellows of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge City of Norwich - Norwich Union, artist Tom Griffiths Bayeaux Tapestry - Public domain The English Parish Church St Mary Worstead - Richard Tilbrook SS Peter & Paul, Salle - Richard Tilbrook Tomb of Lord & Lady Bardolph,Dennington --Richard Tilbrook More acknowledgements and copyright next Return home
  • 67. Acknowledgements and copyright continued Images - Copyright holders: The Benedictines Pulpit panel. Horsham St Faith, Norfolk - EM Trendell Norwich Cathedral - Heritage House Group Prior's Door - EM Trendell A School of the Lord’s Service Monks in Choir - Unknown Norwich Cathedral Choir - Jacqueline Wyatt Eadwine - The Master and Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge The Break with Rome Henry VIII -Studio of Hans Holbein the Younger, Portrait of Henry VIII, from the Castle Howard Collection Walsingham Arch - Public domain The Great Bible - By permission of the Master and Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge The English Reformation Rood screen, Beeston-next-Mileham - Stephen Hayward The Frontispiece of the Book of Common Prayer - Public domain A mutilated boss, Norwich Cathedral - Julia Hedgecoe Defaced rood screen - Stephen Haywood The Catholic Restoration The Burning of Archbishop Thomas Cranmer - The Trustees of Lambeth Palace Library The Elizabethan Settlement Elizabeth - Public domain Bylaugh Church - Richard Tilbrook Richard Hooker - Public domain The Act of Supremacy - The National Archives, ref. C65/143 m.5 Catholic Recusancy Priest's Hole, Harvington Hall - The Archdiocese of Birmingham Gunpowder Plot Conspiracy - National Portrait Gallery, London Oxburgh Hall - The National Trust Photographic Library / Matthew Antrobus Stonor Country Life - Picture Gallery / Paul Barker More acknowledgements and copyright next Return home
  • 68. Acknowledgements and copyright continued Images - Copyright holders: The Civil War Laudian Screen, Brancepeth - Country Life Picture Gallery / Paul Barker Return of Charles II - The Trustees of Lambeth Palace Library Execution of Charles I - National Portrait Gallery, London Non-conformity or Protestant Dissent Oulton Church, Norfolk - Public domain John Wesley Preaching - Guildhall Museum, Boston, Lincs John Bunyan - Bunyan Meeting Free Church Religious Freedom in a Changing World Nicholas Wiseman - Public domain Westminster Catholic Cathedral - Public domain Liverpool Cathedral -- Public domain The Evangelical and Catholic Revival West Malling Anglican Benedictine Community - Michael Harris John Henry Newman (Millais) - National Portrait Gallery, London Wymondam Abbey Reredos - -Des Adams Photography The English Cathedral Lichfield Festival - Lichfield Festival Office St John's Cathedral, Norwich - Public domain Wedding - Coes of Castle Meadow, Norwich The Church of England and the Crown Queen visiting the Centre - Anglican Centre in Rome Archbishop Fisher crowns Queen Elizabeth II - The Trustees of Lambeth Palace Library More acknowledgements and copyright next Return home
  • 69. Acknowledgements and copyright continued Images - Copyright holders: The Emergence of a World Communion Lambeth Palace - The Trustees of Lambeth Palace Library The Anglican Communion - The Anglican Communion Office Lambeth Conference 1867 - The Anglican Communion Office Lambeth Conference 1998 - The Anglican Communion Office Lambeth Conference 2008 - The Anglican Communion Office Ecumenism – the Search for Unity Archbishop Geoffrey Fisher - Lambeth Palace The Second Vatican Council -Public domain Pope Paul VI and Archbishop - Public domain The Episcopal Ring - Archbishop of Canterbury 2006 Roman Catholic Bishops - Catholic Bishops Conference of England and Wales Greetings from the Archbishop - Catholic Bishops Conference of England and Wales Growing Together in Worship Norwich Anglican Cathedral Norman Carmichael Queen receiving Common Worship - PA Photos / John Stillwell Growing Together: Church and Society Walk of Witness - Lambeth Palace Asia Begum - Christian Aid / Elaine Dulgenan Caring for the Homeless - St Botolph's, Aldgate Welcoming Asylum seekers - The Diocese of Norwich The Bishop of Norwich - The Diocese of Norwich Continuity, Change and Commitment The Wave Catholic - Bishops Conference of England and Wales Return home