Presentation by Liduin Bos (Deltares) at the Data Science Symposium 2018, during Delft Software Days - Edition 2018. Thursday 15 November 2018, Delft.

1. Delft, 15 November 2018
High Altitude Pseudo-Satellites
for monitoring and crisis management
a feasibility study
DSD-INT 2018 Data Science Symposium
Chris Bremmer, Rogier Westerhoff, Marco de Kleine, Liduin Bos-
Burgering

2. Content
Introduction - Back…to the future
HAPS in general:
Specs
Satellites vs HAPS
Platform types
Sensors and resolution
HAPS applications
Future prospects / timeline
Conclusions
Room for discussion
15 November 2018

3. Back… to the Future
•First stratospheric
flights using
pressurized
balloons
1930s
•First aircrafts able
to reach
stratospheric
altitudes
1950-1960 •First experimental
projects for HAPS
research
1969
•Launch projects
aimed to analyze
potential HAPS
applications
1990-2000 •Launch projects
performed by a.o.
Google,
Facebook, Airbus
and WorldView
2014-2018
15 November 2018
Source: Rodrigez et al. (2017) – HAPS4ESA
When was the first stratospheric flight reported with a HAPS forerunner?
Any guesses?

4. HAPS - general
Fast developing
ESA: HAPS4ESA conference 2017
Maritime security/border surveillance and
Air quality
High variety of sensors: 30-50 km field-of-view
Fills gaps between:
Airplanes
Satellites
Drones
15 November 2018

5. HAPS - Specs
15 November 2018
Quasi-stationary airships or aircrafts
Altitude: ~20 km
Solar powered

6. Satellites or HAPS?
HAPS Satellites
Altitude ~20 km >~180 km
Telecommunications
link budget
Low High
Power consumption Low High
Signal latency Less More
Round-trip delay Less More
Deployment in terms of
development and
launch
Rapidly deployable and
comparatively less
expensive
Significant time and
monetary resources
Landing for
maintenance or
mounting of a different
payload
Possible Impossible
15 November 2018

7. HAPS platform types
Characteristics Airplane Airship Balloon
Density >Air <Air <Air
Payload Capacity <100kg/<500 W <500 kg/<5 – 6 kW <20 kg/< 100W
Flight Time 1 – 3 month 1 year 1 – 3 month
Size/Volume Small Very Big (need to find a hangar) Small
Throughput High Very High Medium – High
Cost per HAPS €€ €€€ €
15 November 2018
HAPS platforms
Zephyr-SZephyr-T
Stratobus HA2
ELAHA15
AlphaLink
Stratollite
Aquila
Loon
Solara50

8. HAPS sensors and resolution
15 November 2018
Image size: ~10 km
Revisit: <3 hours
Resolution: <1 m (15 cm)
Band: sensor dependent
Radiometry: sensor
dependent
Coverage: ~10 km3
source: Gonzalo, 2017

9. HAPS - Applications
15 November 2018
Dike monitoring
Avalanche monitoring
Feeding emergency response system:
Volcanic hazards
Earthquakes
Flooding
Droughts
Morphological changes in the Wadden Sea
Evapo(transpi)ration of agricultural areas
Droplet size distribution in thunderstorm clouds
Shipping control
…

10. National application:
15 November 2018
Water management and safety in the Netherlands (WMCN)

11. Time line – Deltares and platform development
15 November 2018
Application study including stakeholders
Preparation demonstration case

12. Conclusions
HAPS are seriously explored in the space sector and will be
deployed within 3 – 4 years
Hyperspectral possible already – SAR very promising
Opportunities for Deltares in flood management and environmental
monitoring:
Incorporate HAPS-data stream in operational flood forecasting
Dedicated field survey for validation of models
Follow-up scenarios:
A. Wait and see
B. Review for RWS
C. Prepare for RWS-demonstration – Airbus or ESA
D. Go international
15 November 2018

13. ESA follow-up
15 November 2018
Haps4esa.org

14. Room for questions and discussion
15 November 2018

15. Video
15 November 2018
Video not included in SlideShare publication. Contact us if you’re interested.

16. Sensors
Type of sensor Altitude IFOV Diameter
footprint
Resolution
Optical 20 km 300-7,500 km2 10 - 35 km 15 cm
Radar 20 km 15,000 km2 70 km Not yet known
Communication 20 km 125,000 km2 200 km -
15 November 2018

17. 15 November 2018