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로마 가톨릭의 부패(근본적으로는 신학적인 대
 립) -> 16세기 종교개혁
독일 - 루터
스위스 – 쯔빙글리
  -> 칼뱅(프랑스)


쯔빙글리(Ulrich Zwingli)
(1484-1531)
기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 - Amish
기독교(그리스도교): 기독교는 예수를 구세주("그
 리스도")로 고백하는, 예수 그리스도를 믿는 종교
 의 교파를 통틀어 일컫는 말
'기독교'라는 개념은 한국과 중국에서는 개신교와
 같은 뜻으로 잘못 이해되지만, 성공회, 천주교, 정
 교회, 오리엔탈 정교회, 개신교 등 예수를 그리스
 도로 믿고 삼위일체 하느님을 믿는 모든 기독교
 교회들을 뜻한다.
 기독교 교파 트리
 기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 - Amish
개신교(protestantism)
개신교는 16세기 종교 개혁으로 로마 가톨
 릭 교회에서 분리된 개신교 교회들의 통칭
 이다.
개신교도(protestant)
 = protest(저항) + ~ant(~하는 사람)
 기독교 교파
기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 - Amish
재세례파 : 16세기 종교개혁 당시 급진적 개혁을 따
 른 개신교 종파

1) 후터라이트(Hutterite) - Jakob Hutter, 상인,
                      나중에 목사가 됨(1529)
2) 메노나이트(Mennonite) -Menno Simons, 네덜
                    란드의 카톨릭 사제(1535)
3) 아미쉬(Amish), Jacob Ammann, 스위스 종교개
               혁자(1693년)
기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 – Amish

재새례파 교리
1. 전쟁, 다툼, 폭력을 반대하는 비폭력주의
2. 종교와 국가의 분리
3. 평등과 사랑의 실천을 통한 제자도(그리스도의
   제자로서의 삶)의 실천
4. 유아세례반대
5. 거룩한 삶과 형제애의 실천
6. 믿음을 통한 구원의 강조
기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 – Amish

아미시파: 개신교의 재세례파 중 일부이며 17세
 기 이후 탄압을 피해서 유럽에서 이사한 스위스-
 독일계 이민자들이다.
 생계유지
  (낙농업)
부업
 (퀼트, 수공예)
 주요 거주지(인디아나주, 오하이오주, 펜실베이니아주)
교육 : One-Room School -> New Hope
 School(Lancaster)
이동수단 : 도보, 스쿠터(scooter), 마차
 (buggy), Amish Taxi
통신 : 공중전화만 사용
전기 : 사용금지, 대신 배터리, 가스, 태양열, 압축
 공기 등을 사용
의복 : 소박함
문명의 이기를 배척하는 이유 :

현대 기술문명의 유입으로 인한
전통적 신앙공동체의 질서 상
실 우려
g establish     to begin something

d pious         having strong religious beliefs
                cruel or harsh treatment as a
a persecution   result of one’s beliefs
                given permission to do something
h allowed       or have something
                to become part of a community or
i settle down   region
e maintain     to keep or continue
             to spend time talking with and
b socialize  getting to know other people
  convenienc things that make life easier and
c es         more comfortable
j bond         feeling of closeness
f decline      to decrease
1
1) immigrant : 이주자 ↔ emigrant 이주자
2) leave : 떠나다
3) persecution : (종교적) 박해
4) a group of : 한 무리의
5) pious : 독실한(religious)
6) hard-working : 근면한(diligent)
7) establish : 설립하다, 수립하다, 세우다
8) farming community : 농업 공동체
9) maintain : 계속 유지하다
10)simple : 소박한
11)the simple farming life that they had in Europe :
   ‘유럽에서 그들이 영위했던 소박한 농촌 생활’
12)reclusive : 은둔적인
Key words
   religious        farming communities
  persecution
   the Amish         simple farming life

their goal has always been to maintain the
simple farming life that they had in Europe.
=> How do they maintain the Amish way of
life?
2
1) Pennsylvania Dutch : 펜실베니아의 독일방언
2) formal education : 정규교육
3) 8th grade : 중 3 초등 (1st~5th grade) / 중(6th~8th
   grade), 고등 (9th~12th grade)
4) small family-owned business : ‘가족 소유의 작은 사업
   장’
5) wear(grow) beards : 턱수염을 기르고 있다(기르다)
6) plain : 단출한, 간소한
7) head covering : 머리에 쓸 것(bonnet)
8) equipment : furniture와 마찬가지로 집합적으로 사용
   되어 단수로 쓴다.
The Amish people are considered
“reclusives” because they live separately
           from other people.
1) 언어(펜실베니아 독일방언)
2) 학업(중학교 까지만->노동투입)
3) 가족 중심 생업활동
4) 의상
5) 현대적 기술 사용거부
6) 정부와 분리
 3
1) decline : 쇠퇴하다
2) as factory and restaurant workers : ‘공장 및 요
   식업 노동자들로서’
3) away from the Amish community : 아미시 공동
   체로부터 멀리 떨어져
4) buggy : (말 한 필이 끄는) 4륜 경마차; wagon :
   짐마차, 4륜 마차 (보통 두 필 이상의 말이 끎)
5) car and taxi drivers = car drivers and taxi
   drivers
6) provide는 supply와는 달리 수여동사가 아님에
   유의하자.
7) shun : 꺼려하다, 멀리하다
As farming has declined in the United
States, more Amish have recently entered
     the outside world as factory and
           restaurant workers.
1) 외부 세계에 익숙해지는 젊은이들
2) 외부 세계의 전령사 : Amish taxi driver
3) Ruth Irene Garrett의 Crossing Over
4) 공동체 이탈자를 멀리하는 관습
describe + 목적절
  간접의문문
                               (명사절)

1) In her book Crossing Over, she describes
   how difficult it was to leave her family and
   friends.
„그녀의 가족과 친구들을 떠나는 것이 얼마나 힘들었
는지‟
provide A B       A에게 B를 공급하다


 provide A with B   A에게 B를 공급하다

taxi drivers who are hired to provide
them with transportation.
그들에게 교통편을 제공하기 위해 고용되는
택시 운전자들
Ruth Irene Garrett의 홈페이지 :
http://www.ruthirenegarrett.com/
4
1) adult baptism : 성인 세례식
2) full : 완전한(perfect)
3) be expected to 부정사 : ~하도록 기대되다
4) Rumspringa
5) socialize : 사회적으로 활동하다
6) settle down : 정착하다
7) permanent : 영구적인
8) estimate : 추산하다
9) bonds : 유대, 결속력
10)meet : 충족시키다
11)belonging : 여기서는 소속감(a sense of
   belonging)으로 볼 수도 있다.
Rumspringa (running around)
To Be or Not To Be Amish
One very important Amish custom is adult
baptism.
1) rumspringa : 정식 입교(성인 세례식) 전 외부세
   계 접촉이
허용되는 기간
2) 대부분 공동체에 잔류하기로 결정(80~90%)
3) 떠나기로 결정하면 영구적 분리
4) 가족과 종교의 강한 유대
5) 공동체에서 정체성, 의미, 소속감을 부여 받음
vt. ~을 사회화하다
    socialize            vi. 사회적으로 활동하다
Young people are allowed to attend parties,
  drive cars, and socialize in the outside world.
젊은이들은 외부 세계에서 파티에 참석하고 운전을
하고 사회적으로 활동하도록 허락받는다.
              allow + A + to 부정사
              A가 ~하도록 허락하다
             A is allowed to 부정사
            A는 ~하도록 허락 받는다
 5~6
1) face A : A에 직면하다
2) as a young man = as(when) he was a
   young man
3) closeness : 친밀함(intimacy)
Those who consider leaving the Amish
community face a very difficult decision
1) 일찍이 아미시 공동체를 떠난 Joe Keim
2) 다른 아미시 사람들이 외부세계에 적응하는
것을 도와주는 Joe Keim과 그의 아내
3) 20년이 지났어도, 여전히 교회 친목 활동
4) 지속적으로 성장하는 아마시 사람들의 친밀
감
After all this time
① After all this time, I still have bitter feelings about him
시간이 많이 흘렀지만 나는 아직도 그에게 앙금이 남아 있다
② Yesterday, after all this time, I met a friend from high
school.
어젠 오랜만에 고등학교 때 친구를 만났어요.
③ After all this time, I've never figured out why she said
what she did.
지금까지도 나는 그녀가 왜 그렇게 말했는지 모른다.
1
1) represent : 대표하다
2) became determined not to 부정사 : ~하지 않기로
   결심하게 되다
3) struggle with A : A와 씨름하다
4) mark : 나타내다
5) commitment : 헌신, 전념
6) at least once : ‘적어도 한 번쯤’
7) what life was like : 삶이 무엇과 같은 지를 → 삶이
   어떤 지
8) In the back of his mind : ‘그의 마음 속 깊이’
9) be secure in the knowledge that ~ : ~라는 것을 알
   고 안심하다
    2
1)   note : 메모나 쪽지
2)   take note of : ~에 주목하다
3)   take notes of : ~을 메모하다(make a note of)
4)   be forced to 부정사 : 어쩔 수 없이 ~하게 되다
5)   care : 상관하다, 신경 쓰다
6)   exchange A for B : A를 버리고 B를 취하다
7)   be eager to 부정사 : 몹시 ~하고 싶어 하다
8)   look ahead : 앞을 내다보다
9)   real estate : 부동산
3
1) properties : 재산
2) look back on A : A를 되돌아보다
3) upbringing : 양육, 가정교육
4) neighborly concern for others : 서로에 대
   한 이웃간의 관심
5) contact A : A와 연락하다
(B) READING TWO

Why didn’t Isaac want to live as his parents had lived?
 He didn‟t want to struggle with hard labor for
very little financial reward.
What was his reason for choosing a career in real estate?

  He hoped to achieve financial security.
What had Isaac been taught about the outside world?
 He was taught that the outside world is
dangerous and evil.
What does he regret about his choice to leave?
  He regrets that he lost contact with his Amish
relatives.
(C) INTEGRATE READINGS ONE AND TWO

I. A. Isaac’s father: struggled with hard labor and chores;
raised a large family.
 B. Isaac’s mother: struggled with hard labor and
chores; raised a large family.
II. A. When Isaac left, he got a modern-style haircut.

  B. When Isaac left, he exchanged his Amish clothing
for jeans.
III. A. Isaac left his parents a note to avoid their shock and
tears.
  B. When Isaac left, his parents followed him to Ohio.
(C) INTEGRATE READINGS ONE AND TWO

IV. A. Isaac regrets losing contact with his Amish relatives.
  B. Isaac only contacts his mother once or twice a
year.
V. Isaac wanted to gain financial security.
 B. Now Isaac works full-time, attends college, and
manages his properties.
bond       connection   closeness    separation

convenience     ease       commitment   helpfulness

  decline      improve      decrease       lessen

 establish      found       equalize       start

 maintain       keep        preserve      change

persecution   acceptance     abuse      mistreatment

   pious        godly       religious    rewarding

  allowed      accepted     stopped      permitted

settle down    stabilize    take root     wander

 socialize     converse       shun       hang out
P.136
[의문사(접속사) + 주어 + 동사]
1. whether/if the people are wearing costumes

2. who the Amish are
3. why the Amish don’t wear modern clothing or drive
cars
4. why the Amish believe in living separately from the
rest of the world
5. what the Amish believe in

6. how the Amish don’t use electricity

7. whether/if the Amish speak English

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Unit 7. The Choice to be Amish

  • 1.
  • 2. 로마 가톨릭의 부패(근본적으로는 신학적인 대 립) -> 16세기 종교개혁 독일 - 루터 스위스 – 쯔빙글리 -> 칼뱅(프랑스) 쯔빙글리(Ulrich Zwingli) (1484-1531)
  • 3. 기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 - Amish 기독교(그리스도교): 기독교는 예수를 구세주("그 리스도")로 고백하는, 예수 그리스도를 믿는 종교 의 교파를 통틀어 일컫는 말 '기독교'라는 개념은 한국과 중국에서는 개신교와 같은 뜻으로 잘못 이해되지만, 성공회, 천주교, 정 교회, 오리엔탈 정교회, 개신교 등 예수를 그리스 도로 믿고 삼위일체 하느님을 믿는 모든 기독교 교회들을 뜻한다.
  • 5.  기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 - Amish 개신교(protestantism) 개신교는 16세기 종교 개혁으로 로마 가톨 릭 교회에서 분리된 개신교 교회들의 통칭 이다. 개신교도(protestant) = protest(저항) + ~ant(~하는 사람)
  • 7. 기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 - Amish 재세례파 : 16세기 종교개혁 당시 급진적 개혁을 따 른 개신교 종파 1) 후터라이트(Hutterite) - Jakob Hutter, 상인, 나중에 목사가 됨(1529) 2) 메노나이트(Mennonite) -Menno Simons, 네덜 란드의 카톨릭 사제(1535) 3) 아미쉬(Amish), Jacob Ammann, 스위스 종교개 혁자(1693년)
  • 8. 기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 – Amish 재새례파 교리 1. 전쟁, 다툼, 폭력을 반대하는 비폭력주의 2. 종교와 국가의 분리 3. 평등과 사랑의 실천을 통한 제자도(그리스도의 제자로서의 삶)의 실천 4. 유아세례반대 5. 거룩한 삶과 형제애의 실천 6. 믿음을 통한 구원의 강조
  • 9. 기독교 – 개신교 – 재세례파 – Amish 아미시파: 개신교의 재세례파 중 일부이며 17세 기 이후 탄압을 피해서 유럽에서 이사한 스위스- 독일계 이민자들이다.
  • 10.  생계유지 (낙농업)
  • 12.  주요 거주지(인디아나주, 오하이오주, 펜실베이니아주)
  • 13. 교육 : One-Room School -> New Hope School(Lancaster)
  • 14. 이동수단 : 도보, 스쿠터(scooter), 마차 (buggy), Amish Taxi
  • 16. 전기 : 사용금지, 대신 배터리, 가스, 태양열, 압축 공기 등을 사용
  • 18. 문명의 이기를 배척하는 이유 : 현대 기술문명의 유입으로 인한 전통적 신앙공동체의 질서 상 실 우려
  • 19. g establish to begin something d pious having strong religious beliefs cruel or harsh treatment as a a persecution result of one’s beliefs given permission to do something h allowed or have something to become part of a community or i settle down region
  • 20. e maintain to keep or continue to spend time talking with and b socialize getting to know other people convenienc things that make life easier and c es more comfortable j bond feeling of closeness f decline to decrease
  • 21. 1 1) immigrant : 이주자 ↔ emigrant 이주자 2) leave : 떠나다 3) persecution : (종교적) 박해 4) a group of : 한 무리의 5) pious : 독실한(religious) 6) hard-working : 근면한(diligent) 7) establish : 설립하다, 수립하다, 세우다 8) farming community : 농업 공동체 9) maintain : 계속 유지하다 10)simple : 소박한 11)the simple farming life that they had in Europe : ‘유럽에서 그들이 영위했던 소박한 농촌 생활’ 12)reclusive : 은둔적인
  • 22. Key words religious farming communities persecution the Amish simple farming life their goal has always been to maintain the simple farming life that they had in Europe. => How do they maintain the Amish way of life?
  • 23. 2 1) Pennsylvania Dutch : 펜실베니아의 독일방언 2) formal education : 정규교육 3) 8th grade : 중 3 초등 (1st~5th grade) / 중(6th~8th grade), 고등 (9th~12th grade) 4) small family-owned business : ‘가족 소유의 작은 사업 장’ 5) wear(grow) beards : 턱수염을 기르고 있다(기르다) 6) plain : 단출한, 간소한 7) head covering : 머리에 쓸 것(bonnet) 8) equipment : furniture와 마찬가지로 집합적으로 사용 되어 단수로 쓴다.
  • 24. The Amish people are considered “reclusives” because they live separately from other people. 1) 언어(펜실베니아 독일방언) 2) 학업(중학교 까지만->노동투입) 3) 가족 중심 생업활동 4) 의상 5) 현대적 기술 사용거부 6) 정부와 분리
  • 25.  3 1) decline : 쇠퇴하다 2) as factory and restaurant workers : ‘공장 및 요 식업 노동자들로서’ 3) away from the Amish community : 아미시 공동 체로부터 멀리 떨어져 4) buggy : (말 한 필이 끄는) 4륜 경마차; wagon : 짐마차, 4륜 마차 (보통 두 필 이상의 말이 끎) 5) car and taxi drivers = car drivers and taxi drivers 6) provide는 supply와는 달리 수여동사가 아님에 유의하자. 7) shun : 꺼려하다, 멀리하다
  • 26. As farming has declined in the United States, more Amish have recently entered the outside world as factory and restaurant workers. 1) 외부 세계에 익숙해지는 젊은이들 2) 외부 세계의 전령사 : Amish taxi driver 3) Ruth Irene Garrett의 Crossing Over 4) 공동체 이탈자를 멀리하는 관습
  • 27. describe + 목적절 간접의문문 (명사절) 1) In her book Crossing Over, she describes how difficult it was to leave her family and friends. „그녀의 가족과 친구들을 떠나는 것이 얼마나 힘들었 는지‟
  • 28. provide A B A에게 B를 공급하다 provide A with B A에게 B를 공급하다 taxi drivers who are hired to provide them with transportation. 그들에게 교통편을 제공하기 위해 고용되는 택시 운전자들
  • 29. Ruth Irene Garrett의 홈페이지 : http://www.ruthirenegarrett.com/
  • 30. 4 1) adult baptism : 성인 세례식 2) full : 완전한(perfect) 3) be expected to 부정사 : ~하도록 기대되다 4) Rumspringa 5) socialize : 사회적으로 활동하다 6) settle down : 정착하다 7) permanent : 영구적인 8) estimate : 추산하다 9) bonds : 유대, 결속력 10)meet : 충족시키다 11)belonging : 여기서는 소속감(a sense of belonging)으로 볼 수도 있다.
  • 31. Rumspringa (running around) To Be or Not To Be Amish
  • 32. One very important Amish custom is adult baptism. 1) rumspringa : 정식 입교(성인 세례식) 전 외부세 계 접촉이 허용되는 기간 2) 대부분 공동체에 잔류하기로 결정(80~90%) 3) 떠나기로 결정하면 영구적 분리 4) 가족과 종교의 강한 유대 5) 공동체에서 정체성, 의미, 소속감을 부여 받음
  • 33. vt. ~을 사회화하다 socialize vi. 사회적으로 활동하다 Young people are allowed to attend parties, drive cars, and socialize in the outside world. 젊은이들은 외부 세계에서 파티에 참석하고 운전을 하고 사회적으로 활동하도록 허락받는다. allow + A + to 부정사 A가 ~하도록 허락하다 A is allowed to 부정사 A는 ~하도록 허락 받는다
  • 34.  5~6 1) face A : A에 직면하다 2) as a young man = as(when) he was a young man 3) closeness : 친밀함(intimacy)
  • 35. Those who consider leaving the Amish community face a very difficult decision 1) 일찍이 아미시 공동체를 떠난 Joe Keim 2) 다른 아미시 사람들이 외부세계에 적응하는 것을 도와주는 Joe Keim과 그의 아내 3) 20년이 지났어도, 여전히 교회 친목 활동 4) 지속적으로 성장하는 아마시 사람들의 친밀 감
  • 36. After all this time ① After all this time, I still have bitter feelings about him 시간이 많이 흘렀지만 나는 아직도 그에게 앙금이 남아 있다 ② Yesterday, after all this time, I met a friend from high school. 어젠 오랜만에 고등학교 때 친구를 만났어요. ③ After all this time, I've never figured out why she said what she did. 지금까지도 나는 그녀가 왜 그렇게 말했는지 모른다.
  • 37. 1 1) represent : 대표하다 2) became determined not to 부정사 : ~하지 않기로 결심하게 되다 3) struggle with A : A와 씨름하다 4) mark : 나타내다 5) commitment : 헌신, 전념 6) at least once : ‘적어도 한 번쯤’ 7) what life was like : 삶이 무엇과 같은 지를 → 삶이 어떤 지 8) In the back of his mind : ‘그의 마음 속 깊이’ 9) be secure in the knowledge that ~ : ~라는 것을 알 고 안심하다
  • 38. 2 1) note : 메모나 쪽지 2) take note of : ~에 주목하다 3) take notes of : ~을 메모하다(make a note of) 4) be forced to 부정사 : 어쩔 수 없이 ~하게 되다 5) care : 상관하다, 신경 쓰다 6) exchange A for B : A를 버리고 B를 취하다 7) be eager to 부정사 : 몹시 ~하고 싶어 하다 8) look ahead : 앞을 내다보다 9) real estate : 부동산
  • 39. 3 1) properties : 재산 2) look back on A : A를 되돌아보다 3) upbringing : 양육, 가정교육 4) neighborly concern for others : 서로에 대 한 이웃간의 관심 5) contact A : A와 연락하다
  • 40. (B) READING TWO Why didn’t Isaac want to live as his parents had lived? He didn‟t want to struggle with hard labor for very little financial reward. What was his reason for choosing a career in real estate? He hoped to achieve financial security. What had Isaac been taught about the outside world? He was taught that the outside world is dangerous and evil. What does he regret about his choice to leave? He regrets that he lost contact with his Amish relatives.
  • 41. (C) INTEGRATE READINGS ONE AND TWO I. A. Isaac’s father: struggled with hard labor and chores; raised a large family. B. Isaac’s mother: struggled with hard labor and chores; raised a large family. II. A. When Isaac left, he got a modern-style haircut. B. When Isaac left, he exchanged his Amish clothing for jeans. III. A. Isaac left his parents a note to avoid their shock and tears. B. When Isaac left, his parents followed him to Ohio.
  • 42. (C) INTEGRATE READINGS ONE AND TWO IV. A. Isaac regrets losing contact with his Amish relatives. B. Isaac only contacts his mother once or twice a year. V. Isaac wanted to gain financial security. B. Now Isaac works full-time, attends college, and manages his properties.
  • 43. bond connection closeness separation convenience ease commitment helpfulness decline improve decrease lessen establish found equalize start maintain keep preserve change persecution acceptance abuse mistreatment pious godly religious rewarding allowed accepted stopped permitted settle down stabilize take root wander socialize converse shun hang out
  • 44. P.136 [의문사(접속사) + 주어 + 동사] 1. whether/if the people are wearing costumes 2. who the Amish are 3. why the Amish don’t wear modern clothing or drive cars 4. why the Amish believe in living separately from the rest of the world 5. what the Amish believe in 6. how the Amish don’t use electricity 7. whether/if the Amish speak English