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By
S.DEVA JOHNSON
P.VENGADESH
Internet of things (IOT)
MSPVL POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
PAVOORCHATRAM

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Contents:
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. History
4. Is it safe?
5. How will the internet of things affect business and work?
6. Components of IOT
7. Applications of IOT
1) Smart home
2) Wearables
3) Smart City
4) Smart grids
5) Industrial internet
6) Connected car
7) Connected Health (Digital health/Telehealth/Telemedicine)
8) Smart retail
9) Smart supply chain
10)Smart farming
8. Real time devices
 Revolv
 Securifi
 Xfinity Home products
 WeMo Belkin home automation
 Withings Smart Body Analyzer
9. Advantages
10.Disadvantages
11.Conclusion
12.References

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Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is connecting billions of intelligent “things” to our
fingertips. The ability to sense countless amounts of information that communicates
to the cloud is driving innovation into IoT applications such as smart home,
industrial IoT, the connected vehicle, smart cities, wearable infotainment and
wearable fitness/heath. Synopsys provides a comprehensive portfolio of IP that
meets the specific requirements of IoT SoC designs including silicon-proven wired
and wireless interface IP, data converters, security IP, low-power embedded
memories and logic libraries, energy efficient processor cores and integrated IP
subsystems.
What is Internet of Things
Introduction
Internet of Things (IoT) is an integrated part of Future Internet and could be defined
as a dynamic global network infrastructure with self configuring capabilities based on
standard and interoperable communication protocols
In the IoT, ‘things’ are expected to become active participants in business,
information and social processes where they are enabled to interact and
communicate among themselves and with the environment by exchanging data and
information
Interfaces in the form of services facilitate interactions with these ‘smart things’ over
the Internet, query and change their state and any information associated with
them, taking into account security and privacy issues.
History:
Inventing the Internet of Things
Although you probably haven't heard much about IoT until recently, the terminology
dates back to 1999. Kevin Ashton, co-founder of MIT's Auto-ID Center, is credited
by most sources with coining the phrase "Internet of Things." (The acronym, IoT,
appears to be a considerably later innovation; Wikipedia did not use the abbreviation
until starting in 2009, although it contained an entry for Internet of Things since July
2007.) Once introduced, the term quickly entered widespread use, as this Google
Ngram shows. The history of the phrase is significant because it shows that,
although the concept of IoT may only have reached the masses in the last few
years, it had a wide following among experts that stretches back to the early 2000s.

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KEVIN ASHTON –“FATHER OF THE IOT”
He believed IoT could “turn the world into data” that could be used to make macro
decisions on resource utilization.
“Information is a great way to reduce waste and increase efficiency, and that’s really
what the Internet of Things provides”
Is it safe? Can the internet of things be secured?
Everything new and shiny has downsides, and security and privacy are the biggest
challenges for IoT.
All these devices and systems
collect a lot of personal data
about people – that smart
meter knows when you’re
home and what electronics you
use when you’re there – and
it’s shared with other devices
and held in databases by
companies.
Security experts argue that not
enough is being done to build
security and privacy into IoT at
these early stages, and to
prove their point have hacked
a host of devices, from connected baby monitors to automated lighting and smart
fridges,
So the short answer is yes, IoT is relatively safe: you’re not likely to face serious
loss or damage because of your smart meter, any more than your home PC, at least.
However, there’s no guarantee, and so far not enough is being done to ensure IoT
isn’t the next big hacking target.
How will the internet of things affect business and work?
This all depends on your industry: manufacturing is perhaps the furthest ahead in
terms of IoT, as it’s useful for organising tools, machines and people, and tracking
where they are.
Farmers have also been turning to connected sensors to monitor both crops and
cattle, in the hopes of boosting production, efficiencyand tracking the health of their
herds.
There are many different components that make Internet of Things
work:
1. Sensors: Devices used to transmit electronic data from a physical entity or event

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2. Services: Systems that build things, process data, or run operations based on the
data obtained by sensors
3. Actuators: Mechanisms that affect the physical environment
4. Networks: A combination of wireless or wired technologies, protocols and standards
that provide connectivity and connect all components of the IoT
5. People: Individuals that control the environment through electronic or mobile
applications
6. Virtual objects: Wallets, books, electronic tickets
7. Platforms: Middleware used to connect the various components of the IoT
The Internet of Things has transformed the physical world into an intertwined
information system of its own. Sensors and actuators are implanted into various
physical objects -- from humans, hardware to highways -- and connect through
wireless and wired networks using the Internet. The networks then produce data
that are transmitted into computers for the purpose of analysis followed by an action
or service based on standards set during programming. Many IoT technologies today
work without human intervention, allowing devices to communicate amongst each
other and change processes that transform the way we live today.

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The Internet of Things applications
1. Smart home
Smart Home clearly stands out, ranking as highest Internet of Things application on
all measured channels. More than 60,000 people currently search for the term
“Smart Home” each month. This is not a surprise. The IoT Analytics company
database for Smart Home includes 256 companies and startups. More companies are
active in smart home than any other application in the field of IoT.
The total amount of funding for Smart Home startups currently exceeds $2.5bn.
This list includes prominent startup names such as Nest or AlertMe as well as a
number of multinational corporations like Philips, Haier, or Belkin.
2. Wearables
Wearables remains a hot topic too. As consumers await the release of Apple’s new
smart watch in
April 2015, there
are plenty of other
wearable
innovations to be
excited about: like
the Sony Smart B
Trainer, the Myo

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gesture control, or LookSee bracelet. Of all the IoT startups, wearables maker
Jawbone is probably the one with the biggest funding to date. It stands at more than
half a billion dollars!
3. Smart City
Smart city spans a wide variety of use cases, from traffic management to water
distribution, to waste management, urban security and environmental monitoring.
Its popularity is fueled by the fact that many Smart City solutions promise to
alleviate real pains of people living in cities these days. IoT solutions in the area of
Smart City solve traffic congestion problems, reduce noise and pollution and help
make cities safer.
4. Smart grids
Smart grids is a special one. A future smart grid promises to use information about
the behaviors of electricity suppliers and consumers in an automated fashion to
improve the efficiency, reliability, and economics of electricity. 41,000 monthly
Google searches highlights the concept’s popularity. However, the lack of tweets
(Just 100 per month) shows that people don’t have much to say about it.
5. Industrial internet
The industrial internet is also one of the special Internet of Things
applications. While many market researches such as Gartner or Cisco see the
industrial internet as the IoT concept with the highest overall potential, its popularity
currently doesn’t reach the masses like smart home or wearables do. The industrial
internet however has a lot going for it. The industrial internet gets the biggest push
of people on Twitter (~1,700 tweets per month) compared to other non-consumer-
oriented IoT concepts.
6. Connected car
The connected car is coming up slowly. Owing to the fact that the development
cycles in the automotive industry typically take 2-4 years, we haven’t seen much
buzz around the connected car yet. But it seems we are getting there. Most large
auto makers as well as some brave startups are working on connected car
solutions. And if the BMWs and Fords of this world don’t present the next
generation internet connected car soon, other well-known giants will: Google,
Microsoft, and Apple have all announced connected car platforms.
7. Connected Health (Digital health/Telehealth/Telemedicine)
Connected health remains the sleeping giant of the Internet of Things applications.
The concept of a connected health care system and smart medical devices bears
enormous potential (see our analysis of market segments), not just for companies

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also for the well-being of people in general. Yet, Connected Health has not reached
the masses yet. Prominent use cases and large-scale startup successes are still to
be seen. Might 2015 bring the breakthrough?
8. Smart retail
Proximity-based advertising as a subset of smart retail is starting to take off. But the
popularity ranking shows that it is still a niche segment. One LinkedIn post per
month is nothing compared to 430 for smart home.
9. Smart supply chain
Supply chains have been getting smarter for some years already. Solutions for
tracking goods while they are on the road, or getting suppliers to exchange
inventory information have been on the market for years. So while it is perfectly
logic that the topic will get a new push with the Internet of Things, it seems that so
far its popularity remains limited.
10. Smart farming
Smart farming is an often overlooked business-case for the internet of Things
because it does not really fit into the well-known categories such as health, mobility,
or industrial. However, due to the remoteness of farming operations and the large
number of livestock that could be monitored the Internet of Things could
revolutionize the way farmers work. But this idea has not yet reached large-scale
attention. Nevertheless, one of the Internet of Things applications that should not be
underestimated. Smart farming will become the important application field in the
predominantly agricultural-product exporting countries.
Real time devices
Revolv
Revolv is a platform that
brings more devices
together under a single
command center. Just like
the above video says, you
can control the lighting in
your home (such as the
Philips Hue light-bulb that we’ll talk lower about), your Apple TV, your heating and
much more! The platform Revolv IoT service is first expected to ship for $299

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before the end of this fall. You will get with your purchase the Revolv Hub, Revolv
App, and for a limited time, also the free lifetime service plan that comes with
GeoSense automation.
Securifi
The IoT device that was born thanks to Kickstarter, Securifi is somehow also an IoT
platform, but also a standalone device, but we’ve decided to put it in this category.
The Almond+ is their latest version of their touchscreen router, an Internet of Things
device that can wirelessly connect a 5,000 square foot home, and is four times
faster than your average wireless router. Also, thanks to its touchscreen, the
Almond+ can be set up without having to use a PC or a smartphone. It also works
with ZigBee and Z-Wave standards so Almond+ supports hundreds of existing
sensors in the market.
Xfinity Home products
Comcast’s range of Xfinity Home products is focused on providing users with a smart
way to control their homes. Like a true service of its kind, Comcast doesn’t sell
products on a pay-once basis, but it comes with monthly plans that vary according
to your needs. The Secure and Control plan protects against fire and break-ins,
while providing automation for lights, temperature, and more. The Home Control
plan, which is also cheaper, will let you control lights, temperature, and more home
features will be included to save money on your bills.

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WeMo Belkin home automation
The WeMo family of IoT products from Belkin is composed of light and insight
switches, motion sensor, baby monitor. Though not included in the WeMo range of
products, Belkin also has two NetCams that will let you watch what happens inside
your home. Compared to other similar home automation systems, Belkin’s products
seem to have a lower price-point. Even more, WeMo also works with IFTTT, so you
could do much more amazing stuff with Belkin’s IoT devices.
Withings Smart Body Analyzer
Withings is a company well-known for making gadgets to look after your health and
help you keep fit. The Smart Body Analyzer is a smart scale that can can do so much
more than just letting you keep a eye on your weight. It comes with an impressive
set of feature – full body knowledge, heart measurement, weight goals and long-
term progress graph and indoor air quality monitoring. This amazing Internet of
Things device can be yours for $150 from Amazon.

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Advantages:
Here are some advantages of IoT:
1. Data: The more the information, the easier it is to make the right decision.
Knowing what to get from the grocery while you are out, without having to check on
your own, not only saves time but is convenient as well.
2. Tracking: The computers keep a track both on the quality and the viability of
things at home. Knowing the expiration date of products before one consumes them
improves safety and quality of life. Also, you will never run out of anything when you
need it at the last moment.
3. Time: The amount of time saved in monitoring and the number of trips done
otherwise would be tremendous.
4. Money: The financial aspect is the best advantage. This technology could replace
humans who are in charge of monitoring and maintaining supplies.
 Transportation: We have been using GPS to track movement of delivery trucks for
years. IOT eases and simplifies the entire process by introducing a monitory sensor
that helps to track distance and time locations and other contributing factors.
 Inventory management: As managing fleet, inventory management and tracking
is also a major task. IOT is used to tag radio frequency sensors to track the location
of products in real time. It has been instrumental in tracking the level of inventory
and to stock it in advance, making alerts for unforeseen stoppages, automatically
placing orders, etc.
 Promotions: Many businesses use IOT to send mobile promotions to frequent
shoppers. This is done by keeping track of the shoppers history and shopping
interests. It utilizes location-based tracking of the physical shoppers as well as those
shopping over the internet.
 Assessing web user intelligence: IOT is used by third party web data
aggregators to have a better understanding of their customer by tracking them on
social media networks. This is essential to identify the key customers and their
preferences.
 Facilitates warranty and maintenance services: IOT enables product tracking.
This in turn helps to keep a track of products that require maintenance or warranty.
This also helps in crisis moments like thefts to track and place a product.

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 Vending technology: IOT has played a big role in enhancing the working of
vending machines by enabling them to communicate to monitor inventory levels,
determine pricing, etc.
Disadvantages
Here are some disadvantages of IoT:
1. Compatibility: As of now, there is no standard for tagging and monitoring with
sensors. A uniform concept like the USB or Bluetooth is required which should not be
that difficult to do.
2. Complexity: There are several opportunities for failure with complex systems.
For example, both you and your spouse may receive messages that the milk is over
and both of you may end up buying the same. That leaves you with double the
quantity required. Or there is a software bug causing the printer to order ink
multiple times when it requires a single cartridge.
3. Privacy/Security: Privacy is a big issue with IoT. All the data must be encrypted
so that data about your financial status or how much milk you consume isn’t
common knowledge at the work place or with your friends.
4. Safety: There is a chance that the software can be hacked and your personal
information misused. The possibilities are endless. Your prescription being changed
or your account details being hacked could put you at risk. Hence, all the safety
risks become the consumer’s responsibility.
Conclusion
Although IoT has quite a few disadvantages, its advantages of saving the consumer
time and money can’t be ignored. So the time isn’t far when the Internet Of Things
will be commonly seen in both households and companies. Efforts will have to be
made to find ways to combat its disadvantages.

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References:
https://sites.google.com/a/cortland.edu/the-internet-of-things/advantages
https://e27.co/advantages-disadvantages-internet-things-20160615/
http://www.tekritisoftware.com/internet-of-things
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/may/06/what-is-the-internet-of-things-google
http://www.businessinsider.com/what-is-the-internet-of-things-definition-2016-8?IR=T
https://iot-analytics.com/10-internet-of-things-applications/
http://techpp.com/2013/10/16/best-internet-of-things-devices/
http://www.postscapes.com/internet-of-things-history/
http://talkincloud.com/cloud-computing/iot-past-and-present-history-iot-and-where-its-headed-
today