This is a guideline note of assignment writing for the students of Bhiksu University of Sri Lanka. Students can follow the outcome base process of 8 steps in their research and assignment writing.

1. 1
mmmmejreïejreïejreïejreï$ksnkaO$ksnkaO$ksnkaO$ksnkaO iïmdokhiïmdokhiïmdokhiïmdokh i|ydi|ydi|ydi|yd WmfoiaWmfoiaWmfoiaWmfoia ud,djlsud,djlsud,djlsud,djls
jEj, Oïudf,dal ysñjEj, Oïudf,dal ysñjEj, Oïudf,dal ysñjEj, Oïudf,dal ysñ (BA & MSSc)
1' wruqK1' wruqK1' wruqK1' wruqK
Y%sS ,xld NsCIq úYajúoHd,fha m%:u Wmdê mdGud,dfõ wjYH;djla jYfhka bÈßm;a l<
hq;= Ydia;%Sh mejreï yd ksnkaO (academic assignments and dissertations) id¾:l j ksud lsÍu
i|yd úoHd¾:skag u. fmkaùula lsÍu fuu Wmfoia ud,dfõ wruqK fõ' Wmdê mdGud,d i|yd
úoHd¾Òka úiska bÈßm;a lrkq ,nk mejreï úêu;a wdldrfhka iïmdokh lsÍu jeo.;a fõ'
tu mejreï Ydia;%sh f,aLk jYfhka i,lkq ,nk w;r tajd fmd;a" rpkd" ,sms" jd¾;d" ksnkaO"
idys;H úu¾Yk" m¾fhaIK m;%sld wd§ iajremj,ska we.hSu i|yd mÍCIljreka fj; bÈßm;a
lrkq ,efí' úIh Odrdjkaf.a yd m¾fhaIK l%uj, mj;akd úúO;ajh wkqj ksnkaOfha iajrEmh
yd WoaOrK l%uh ms<sn| wjYH fjkialï wdpd¾hjrhdf.a fyda WmfoaYljrhdf.a Wmfoia wkqj
isÿ lr .ekSug Tng ksoyi we;' Ydia;%sh f,aLk l%uh ms<sn| fmdÿ wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSu
i|yd fuu Wmfoia ud,dj Tng Wmldr fõ hehs is;ñ'
1'11'11'11'1 mejreulamejreulamejreulamejreula (Assignment) hkq l=ula o@hkq l=ula o@hkq l=ula o@hkq l=ula o@
Wmdê mdGud,djl wjYH;djla jYfhka úoHd¾Ófhl= úiska iajdëk j iïmdokh lrkq
,nk lsishï Ydia;%sh f,aLkhla fuys § mejreula hkqfjka woyia flf¾' ta i|yd Wfoia yd
u. fmkaùï wdpd¾hjrhd u.ska Tng ,nd .; yels h' fufia iïmdokh flfrk m%ñ;j;a yd
Ydia;%sh jákdlulska hq;= ksnkaOhla" rpkdjla" idys;H úu¾Ykhla" ,smshla" jd¾;djla wd§
jYfhka ye¢kaúh yels f,aLkhla fyda m%ldYkhla mejreula jYfhka i,lkq ,efí'
1111''''2222 NsCIq úYajúoHd,fha mejreï j¾. fudkjd o@NsCIq úYajúoHd,fha mejreï j¾. fudkjd o@NsCIq úYajúoHd,fha mejreï j¾. fudkjd o@NsCIq úYajúoHd,fha mejreï j¾. fudkjd o@
m%:u Wmdê mdGud,dj ;=< tla tla úIhhkag wod< j úúO wdldrfha Ydia;%sh mejreï
iïmdokh lsÍug isÿ fõ' tajd"
1' uOH iudisl mejreï (Mid Semester Assignments) -
2' Ydia;%fõ§ ^úfYaI& Wmdê ksnkaO (Dissertation) -
3' fjk;a mejreï ^úIhkqnoaO .fõIK" ióCIK" bÈßm;a lsÍï wdÈh ms<sn| jd¾;d& wd§
jYfhka j¾. fldg y÷kd .; yels h'
úoHd¾Óka úiska iudisl mdGud,d l%uh wkqj tla tla iudislfha § úhdkqnoaO mejreï
jYfhka Ydia;%Sh f,aLk iïmdokh l< hq;= fõ' úIhNdr wdpd¾hjrhdf.a Wmoia u; ta i|yd
wNsu; mejreula l< yels h' Wod( idys;H úu¾Yk" ióCIK jd¾;d" .fõIK jd¾;d"
.%ka:kdudj,S" wkql%uKsld" mqj;am;a jd¾;d" jdriÕrd ,sms" .%ka: úpdr" iïuka;%K m;%sld wd§
iajrEmhlska fuu mejreï iïmdokh l< yels h' mejreï ud;Dldj fyda .eg¨j" wkq.ukh
l< hq;= l%ufõoh yd jpk ixLHdj wdÈh úia;r úIhNdr wdpd¾hjrhd úiska Tng ks¾foaY
lrkq we;' fuys § YsIH lKavdhulg wod< j fmdÿ ud;Dldjla fyda tla tla YsIHhdg fjka
fjka jQ ud;Dld fyda wNsu;h mßÈ ,nd Èh yels h'
Ydia;%fõ§ ^úfYaI& Wmdê mdGud,dj yodrKq ,nk úoHd¾Óka úiska tu mdGud,dj
iïmQ¾K lsÍu i|yd m;a l< WmfoaYljrfhl= fyda WmfoaYljreka lSm fofkl=f.a fyda

2. 2
wëCIKh hgf;a isõ jk j¾Ifha § ksnkaOhla iïmdokh fldg bÈßm;a l< hq;= h' ta i|yd
wjYH m¾fhaIK l%u ms<sn| uQ,sl u¾f.damfoaYl;ajh WmfoaYljrhd úiska wod< wjia:dj, §
,nd fokq we;' tu ksnkaOh i|yd wjYH Wmfoia iuyrla YsIH w;afmdf;a o olajd ;sfí'
úIhdkqnoaO j isÿ lrk l%shdldrlï jYfhka .fõIK" ióCIK" pdßld wdÈh ms<sn|
jd¾;d wod< wjia:dj, bÈßm;a l< hq;= h' wdpd¾hjrhdf.a fyda WmfoaYljrhdf.a fyda
u.fmkaùu wkqj isiqka úiska fm!oa.,sl j fyda iuQysl j fyda tu jd¾;d bÈßm;a l< hq;= fõ'
úúO iajrEmfha Ydia;%sh f,aLk iïmdokfha § tajdg wod< úfYaIs; l%u Ndú; lrkq
,efí' flfia jqj;a Ydia;%sh mejreul f;dr;=re ;¾ldkql+, j ufkdaúoHd;aul j ixúOdkh
lsÍu jeo.;a h'
1' ye¢kaùu" 2' wka;¾.;h yd 3' iudf,dapkh hkq Ydia;%Sh f,aLkhl idudkHfhka
olakg ,efnk fldgia ;=kls' mejreï iïmdokfha § f;dr;=rej, úYajikSh;ajh ;yjqre lsÍu
yd Ydia;% jxpdfjka je,lSu úoHd¾Óhdf.a m%Odk j.lSuls' iïu; WoaOrK l%uhla wkq.ukh
lsÍfuka iajdëk jQ;a úYajikSh jQ;a Ydia;% jxpdfjka neyer jQ;a Ydia;%sh f,aLkhla ksud l<
yels ùfï i;=g Tng w;a ú¢h yels h'
1'31'31'31'3 Ydia;%sYdia;%sYdia;%sYdia;%sh f,aLk iïmdokfhah f,aLk iïmdokfhah f,aLk iïmdokfhah f,aLk iïmdokfha .eg.eg.eg.eg¨¨¨¨
Ydia;%sh f,aLk iïmdokh ms<sn| Wmfoia ,nd .ekSug fndfyda wjia:d we;' tfy;a
.=Kd;aul Ndjfhka wvq mejreï" ksnkaO wdÈh mÍCIK i|yd bÈßm;a lsÍu n,j;a .eg¨jls'
f;dr;=rej, wixúOdkd;aul nj" mßYS,k l< f,aLk ksis mßÈ WoaOrK fkdlsÍu" fmd;a
m;aj, lreKq wúêu;a f,i msgm;a lsÍu" Ydia;%sh f,aLkfha m%ñ;s yd iïu;hka ms<sn|
fkdoekSu" m%udKj;a ;rï fmd;a m;a fkdlshùu wd§ ÿ¾j,;d yd mqreÿ ksid id¾:l ksudjla
iys; mejreula iïmdokh lsÍug ndOd we;s fõ' Ydia;%sh f,aLkhl id¾:l;ajh r|d mj;skafka
m¾fhaIK l%u Ys,am Ndú;h u; hs' t neúka úoHd¾Óka úiska m¾fhaIK l%ufõoh ms<sn| uQ,sl
oekqula wdrïNfha § u ,nd .; hq;= h' ;ukaf.a m¾fhaIKj, § uqyqK fok .eg¨ ms<sn|
idlÉPd lsÍug wdpd¾hjrfhla fyda WmfoaYljrfhla ksr;=re Tn iu. isák nj wu;l
fkdl< hq;= h'
2222'''' mejreulamejreulamejreulamejreula ,shkafka flfia o@,shkafka flfia o@,shkafka flfia o@,shkafka flfia o@
mejreula ,sùug Tn fjfyfikafka o@ tfia kï" Tng hg oelafjk m%;sM, mdol
(outcome base) mshjr 8la wkq.ukh lsÍfuka Tnf.a m¾fhaIKh id¾:l j isÿ fldg ukd
ksudjlska hq;= mejreula fyda ksnkaOhla mÍCIjreka fj; Ndr Èh yels h'
1' ie,iqï lsÍu
2' .eg¨ úYaf,aIKh
3' lgqigyk ms<sfh, lsÍu
4' f;dr;=re fiùu
5' lshùu yd igyka .ekSu
6' ,sùu

3. 3
7' ixialrKh yd fidaÿm;a ne,Su
8' mejreu Ndr§u
m%;sM, mdolm%;sM, mdolm%;sM, mdolm%;sM, mdol m¾fhaIKm¾fhaIKm¾fhaIKm¾fhaIK mshjr wgmshjr wgmshjr wgmshjr wg
1 mshjr(1 mshjr(1 mshjr(1 mshjr( ie,iqï lsÍuie,iqï lsÍuie,iqï lsÍuie,iqï lsÍu
ie,iqï lsÍfï wuqK jkafka kshu ud¾.fha .uka lsÍu i|yd mejreu fj;g Tfí
wjOdkh fhduq lsÍu hs' ie,iqï lsÍfï § my; oelafjk lreKq ie,ls,a,g .kak(
• l=uk iajrEmfha mejreula o@ ^Wod( ksnkaOhla $ jd¾;djla $ rpkdjla $ idys;H
úpdrhla'''&
• .; jk ld,h flf;la o@ ^Wod( i;s folla $ iudislhla $ j¾Ihla'''&
• ld¾hh ksud lsÍu i|yd Tng wjYH iïm;a yd l=i,;d fudkjd o@ ^Wod( f;dr;=re"
mß.Kl oekqu" bx.%Sis'''&
• we.hSfï § ysñ jk ,l=Kq $ w¾> m%udKh fldmuK o@ ^mejreu i|yd jeh l< hq;=
ld,h fuhska ;SrKh l< yels h'&
• mejreu Ndr Èh hq;= Èkh ljod o@ ^ld, igykla wkqj jev lsÍug fuh Wmldr fõ'&
• mejreug ,l=Kq ,efnk mámdáh flfia o@
fï mshjf¾ oS by; lreKq úYaf,aIKh fldg mejreu iïmQ¾K lsÍu i|yd myiq ld,
rduqjla ilia lr .kak' fuh m¾fhaIKh wdrïNfha isg wjidkh olajd tla tla
l%shdldrlï yd tajd bgqlr .ekSug wfmaCId lrkq ,nk ld,h ms<sn| l%shdldÍ ie,eiauls'
fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾ m%;sM, jkafkam%;sM, jkafkam%;sM, jkafkam%;sM, jkafka (((( m¾fhaIKhm¾fhaIKhm¾fhaIKhm¾fhaIKh lr f.k hdulr f.k hdulr f.k hdulr f.k hdu i|yd l%shdldÍi|yd l%shdldÍi|yd l%shdldÍi|yd l%shdldÍ ie,eiaulaie,eiaulaie,eiaulaie,eiaula
iïmdokhiïmdokhiïmdokhiïmdokh ùuùuùuùu hshshshs''''
2 mshjr( .eg¨ úYaf,aIKh2 mshjr( .eg¨ úYaf,aIKh2 mshjr( .eg¨ úYaf,aIKh2 mshjr( .eg¨ úYaf,aIKh
m¾fhaIK .eg¨jla hkq l=ula o hkak wdOqkslhdg n,j;a .eg¨jls' t neúka Tyq
m¾fhaIK .eg¨ jkafka fudkjdoehs W.; hq;= h' .eg¨jlg ms<s;=rla §ug m%:u" .eg¨j ;=<
wka;¾.; w¾: f;areï .; hq;= fõ' ta i|yd .eg¨j úYaf,aIKh lrkak' .eg¨j mfriaifuka
yd fiñka lshjd Tn l< hq;af;a l=ula o hkak f;areï .ekSug W;aidy lrkak' ms<s;=re Èh hq;=
;eka lsisjla u. yeÍ weoaoehs oek .ekSug .eg¨j kej; kej; lshjkak' fï i|yd —.eg¨j
l=ula .ek o@ f;audj l=ula o@ jpkj, w¾:h l=ula o@ ud l< hq;af;a l=ula o@˜ hkd§ m%Yak
Tfnka u úuid oek .; yels h' zfï mejrefï$ksnkaOfha wruqK jkafka''''Z zud úiska l<
hq;af;a''''Z wd§ jYfhka Tfí jpkfhka .eg¨j kej; ,sùu M,odhS fõ'
.eg¨jg ms<s;=re ,nd .ekSu wmyiq kï tys tla tla jpk yd ixl,am f;areï .ekSu
i|yd YíofldaI$úYajfldaI wdÈh Ndú; lrkak' Tn úiska l< hq;= foa l=ula o hkak y÷kd
f.k ta háka brla w¢kak' ^Wod( úuikak" úYaf,aIKh lrkak" úpdrh lrkak" ye¢kaùula
lrkak" w.hkak" ii|kak" idlÉPd lrkak" Tmamq lrkak" úia;r lrkak jeks WfoaYd;aul
jpkj, w¾: meyeÈ,s j oek .kak'&

4. 4
.eg¨j meyeÈ,s lr .ekSfuka miq ta wkqj m<uq msjf¾ § ilia lr .;a ie,eiau
ixfYdaOkh lrkak'
fuys m%;sM,h jkafka(m%;sM,h jkafka(m%;sM,h jkafka(m%;sM,h jkafka( m¾fhaK .eg¨jm¾fhaK .eg¨jm¾fhaK .eg¨jm¾fhaK .eg¨j yd tayd tayd tayd ta wkqjwkqjwkqjwkqj o<o<o<o< ie,eiaula iïmdokh lsÍu hsie,eiaula iïmdokh lsÍu hsie,eiaula iïmdokh lsÍu hsie,eiaula iïmdokh lsÍu hs''''
3' lgq3' lgq3' lgq3' lgq igyk ms<sfh, lsÍuigyk ms<sfh, lsÍuigyk ms<sfh, lsÍuigyk ms<sfh, lsÍu
mejreu ,sùug fmr lgq igykla ms<sfh, lrkak' fndfyda rpkdj, uQ,sl wdlD;sfha
tl u wdldrfha iajNdjhla mj;S(
1 ye¢kaùuye¢kaùuye¢kaùuye¢kaùu ((((mejrefuka 10] muK m%udKhla ye|skAùug wh;a úh yels h' ud;Dldj
ms<sn| ye¢kaùu" m¾fhaIK l%ufõoh meyeÈ,s lsÍu yd mßÉfþo ;=< wka;¾.; jk lreKqj,
idrdxYh ye|skaùfï oS bosßm;a flf¾'
2 wka;¾.;h $ idlÉPdjwka;¾.;h $ idlÉPdjwka;¾.;h $ idlÉPdjwka;¾.;h $ idlÉPdj(((( mejrefuka 80] muK m%udKhla fï i|yd fjka l< yels h'
fuys § /ia lr .;a f;dr;=re wod< ud;Dld hgf;a úúO m%udKfhka mßÉfþoj,g fnod
idlÉPd l< yels h' iEu mßÉfPohla u idudkHfhka ud;Dld mdGhlska wdrïN fõ' ud;Dld
mdGhg wod< m%Odk woyia" idCIs yd ksoiqka wdÈh ieflúka oelaúh hq;= h' mßÉfÊohl
ud;D;djla ;=< idlÉPd lrkq ,nk lreKq ms<sn| o< iels,a,la ilia lr .ekSu iqÿiq h'
mejrefï mßÉfþo m%udKh ^ikaO¾Nh& ixúOdkh lsÍfï § mejreu ms<sn| Tn ;=< we;s
lr .kakd ufkda is;shu (mind map)fnfyúka Wmldr fõ' ufkda is;shula hkq f;dr;=re
ixúOdkh lsÍfï § Ndú; lrk oDIH rEm igykls' ta wkqj m%Odk woyia iDcqju flakaøSh
ixl,amhg iïnkaO lr olajk w;r wfkla woyia tys YdLdjka jYfhka f.k idlÉPd lrkq
,efí' .eg¨j ukdj ksrdlrKh lr .ekSfuka ksnkaOfha ikaO¾Nh fkdfyd;a mßÉfþo
myiqfjka idod .; yels h'
3 iudf,dapkhiudf,dapkhiudf,dapkhiudf,dapkh ( mejrefuka 10] muK fldgila fï i|yd fjka lrkak' Tfí uq,sl
;¾l lsÍï" woyia we.hSï yd ks.uk idrdxY jYfhka bÈßm;a lsÍu i|yd iudf,dapkh kï
fldgi Ndú; lrkak' fuys § w¨;a f;dr;=re bÈßm;a fkdl< hq;= w;r kj fidhd .ekSï yd
ks¾foaY wdÈh bÈßm;a l< yels h'
Ydia;%sh rpkdjl uQ,sl wdlD;sh fuh jqj;a úfYaI wdldrfha mejreï i|yd fjkia l%u
Ndú;d lrkq ,efí' t neúka m<uq j l< hq;af;a Tng ,sùug isÿ we;af;a l=uk wdldrfha
mejreula o hkak ;SrKh lr .ekSu hs'
fuys § isÿ lrkafka m¾fhaIKfha iels,aa,la ks¾udK lr .ekSula muKla neúka jeä
ld,hla yd fjfyila ta i|yd fkd.kak' Tng mejreu wjidk lsÍug m%:u ;j fndfyda
jdrhla fï iels,a, ixfYdaOkh lsÍug isÿjkq we;'
fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾ m%;m%;m%;m%;sM,h jkafka(sM,h jkafka(sM,h jkafka(sM,h jkafka( mejremejremejremejreuuuug mdol jkg mdol jkg mdol jkg mdol jk m¾fhaIK fhdackdj,sh iïmdokh ùum¾fhaIK fhdackdj,sh iïmdokh ùum¾fhaIK fhdackdj,sh iïmdokh ùum¾fhaIK fhdackdj,sh iïmdokh ùu
hshshshs''''

5. 5
4'4'4'4' mshjr( f;dr;=re fiùumshjr( f;dr;=re fiùumshjr( f;dr;=re fiùumshjr( f;dr;=re fiùu
mejreu ,sùug fmr Bg wod< yd úYajikSh f;dr;=re fidhd .; hq;= h' tys §
ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= lreKq lSmhla my; oelafõ(
TngTngTngTng wjYH f;dr;=re fudkjd o@wjYH f;dr;=re fudkjd o@wjYH f;dr;=re fudkjd o@wjYH f;dr;=re fudkjd o@ ta i|yd f;dr;=rej, wod<;ajh yd úYajikSh;ajh
;yjqre lr .kak' ud;Dldj meyeÈ,s j f;areï .;a ú.i Tfí nqoaê-l<ïnkh (Brain storm)
lr.kak' ta i|yd my; m%Yak wikak( fï l=uk wdldrfha f;dr;=re o@ ud oekgu;a oek
isákafka fudkjd o@ ud fidhd .; hq;af;a fudkjd o@ ud;Dldj ms<sn| ud is;kafka$ug
oefkafka flfia o@ ud lskï m%fõYhla .; hq;= o@
ud;Dldj i|yd f;dr;=re fiùug Tn okakd foa iy Tn fkdokakd foa ms<sn| wjia:d
iólrKh lr .; hq;= fõ' ta i|yd Tfí ufkda-is;shu Ndú; lr nqoaê l<ïnkh isÿ lr .;
yels h' tys § Tfí oekqu ms<sn| ysoei l=ula o hkak y÷kd .; yels h'
f;dr;=re fidhkafka fldfyka o@f;dr;=re fidhkafka fldfyka o@f;dr;=re fidhkafka fldfyka o@f;dr;=re fidhkafka fldfyka o@ Tng wjYH l=uk f;dr;=re o hkak oek .;a miq"
ó<Õ mshjr jkafka tajd fidhd .ekSu hs' ta i|yd úúO uq,dY%hka Ndú; lsÍug isÿ fõ'
m%Yakdj,S" iïuqL idlÉPd" ióCIK" mÍCIK wd§ l%u u.ska m%d:ñl f;dr;=re$o;a; /ia lr .;
yels h' igyka" foaYk" w;am;%sld" ks¾foaYs; lshùï ,ehsia;=" mqia;ld, fmd;a m;a" ud¾.;
f;dr;=re" .%ka:kdudj,S wdÈh oaú;shsl f;dr;=re uq,dY%hka jYfhka Ndú; l< yels h'
wod< f;dr;=re y÷kdwod< f;dr;=re y÷kdwod< f;dr;=re y÷kdwod< f;dr;=re y÷kd ....kafka flfia o@kafka flfia o@kafka flfia o@kafka flfia o@
Tfí .eg¨jg wod< ish¨ u fmd;a m;a y÷kd .ekSu fï mshjf¾ § isÿ flf¾' m<uqj
f;dr;=re u;=msáka lshjd (Skim reading) th Tng wjYH f;dr;=rla o hkak oek .kak'
fojkqj wod< f;dr;=rla kï iïmq¾Kfhka (Scanning) lshjkak' f;jkqj lshjkq ,nk
fmd;am;a yd uQ,dY%hka ms<sn| .%ka:úoHd;aul f;dr;=re (bibliographic information) ^l¾;D"
.%ka:kdu" m%ldYl" ixialrKh" j¾Ih" msgq wxl" fjí ,smsk wd§ úia;r& yd úu¾Yk ,ehsia;=
idod .kak'
o;a; /ia lsÍfï § wÕ,a 3«5 m%udKfha ixf,aL m;a Ndú;d l< yels h' tys tla me;a;l
Tfí woyia o wfkla me;af;a .%ka:úoHd;aul úia;r o igyka lr .kak'
fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾ m%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafka(((( mejreu ,sùu wdrïN lsÍug wjYH f;dr;=re" lshùïmejreu ,sùu wdrïN lsÍug wjYH f;dr;=re" lshùïmejreu ,sùu wdrïN lsÍug wjYH f;dr;=re" lshùïmejreu ,sùu wdrïN lsÍug wjYH f;dr;=re" lshùï
,ehsia;= yd úu¾Yk ,ehsia;=,ehsia;= yd úu¾Yk ,ehsia;=,ehsia;= yd úu¾Yk ,ehsia;=,ehsia;= yd úu¾Yk ,ehsia;= wdÈwdÈwdÈwdÈh tla /ia ùuh tla /ia ùuh tla /ia ùuh tla /ia ùu hs'hs'hs'hs'
5 mshjr( lshùu yd igyka ;eîu5 mshjr( lshùu yd igyka ;eîu5 mshjr( lshùu yd igyka ;eîu5 mshjr( lshùu yd igyka ;eîu
lshùu(lshùu(lshùu(lshùu( fï jk úg Tng jeo.;a jk f;dr;=re uQ,dY%hka m%udKhla ,eî we;' neúka
oeka lshùug ld,h t<eU we;' f,aLk u;=msáka lshùfuka yd lAIKslj lshùfuka fï mshjr
wdrïN lrkak' Tn y÷kd .;a f,aLk laIKslj lshjkak' b;du;a jeo.;a hehs isf;k
uq,dY%hkaj, idrh lshjkak' wk;=rej il%Sh lshùu wdrïN lrkak' Tng wjYH fldgia f;dard
f.k fyd¢ka lshjkak' thska Tng lshjkq ,nk foa ms<sn| jvd;a meyeÈ,s njla we;s lr .;
yels h'

6. 6
igyka .ekSuigyka .ekSuigyka .ekSuigyka .ekSu(((( lshjk w;r;=r igyka ;nd .kak' uQ,sl woyia" uq,dY%hka yd Tfí
woyia igyka lr .kak' ilia l< o< igykla ^m¾fhaIK fhdackdj,sh& wkqj f;dr;=re
ixúOdkh lr .kak' wjYH wjia:dj, § fuu o< igyk ixfYdaOkh lrkak' wjYH jQ úg
Wmqgd .ekSï iy;sl lsÍu i|yd .%ka: úia;r yd msgq wxl we;=<;a lsÍug u;l ;nd .; hq;=h'
fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾ m%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafka(((( mejrefïmejrefïmejrefïmejrefï tla tla mßÉfþo yd tystla tla mßÉfþo yd tystla tla mßÉfþo yd tystla tla mßÉfþo yd tys fldgia ms<sfldgia ms<sfldgia ms<sfldgia ms<sn| igykan| igykan| igykan| igyka
iys; ixfYdiys; ixfYdiys; ixfYdiys; ixfYdaaaaê; o< igykê; o< igykê; o< igykê; o< igyklalalala iïmdokh ùu hs'iïmdokh ùu hs'iïmdokh ùu hs'iïmdokh ùu hs'
6 mshjr( ,sùu6 mshjr( ,sùu6 mshjr( ,sùu6 mshjr( ,sùu
fï jk úg wod< f;dr;=re Tn i;= h' Tn Tfí igyka ms<sfh, lr f.k isà' oeka tajd
Tfí merjreu ;=<g f.dkq l< hq;= j ;sfí' ta i|yd my; oelafjk lreKq ie,ls,a,g .kak(
,sùu wdrïN lsÍu,sùu wdrïN lsÍu,sùu wdrïN lsÍu,sùu wdrïN lsÍu( ,sùu wdrïN lsÍug fmr Tn l=uk f,aLk ffY,shla wkq.ukh
lrkafka o hkak ;SrKh l< hq;= h' jdÑl iïm%odfha NdId yd jHdlrK rgd neyer lrkak'
úo.aO$Ydia;%sh yd ,sÅ; NdId ffY,sh ,sùu i|yd Ndú; l< hq;= h'
oeka Tn f.dvk.ñka isák o< ie,eiafï wvqmdvq iïmQ¾K lrñka m<uq w;amsgm;
iïmdokh lsÍu wdrïN lrkak' ,sùu uq,a mßÉfþofhka u wdrïN l< hq;= ke;' ksoiqkla f,i
ye¢kaùu miqj ,sùu iqÿiq h' wOHhkfha miqìu ms<sn| lreKq ,sùu myiq neúka t ;ekska
wdrïN l< yels h' bka miq idlÉPdj yd iudf,dapkh ,sùu l< yels h' ye¢kaùu ,sùu b;d
wmyiq ld¾hhls' tneúka th wjidkfha § ,sùug j. n,d .; hq;= h'
tfia ilia l< m<uq w;a msgm; kej; ixfYdaOkh lrkak' w;amsgm; mÍCId lrk
Wmfoaljrekaf.a u. fmkaùï ta i|yd Woõ jkq we;' ta wkqj fojk jr kej; msgm; ,shkak'
^wjYH kï f;jeks j;djg o mejreï msgm; ixfYdaOkh lsÍug isÿ úh yels h'&
h<s mßCId lsÍug isÿ úh yels neúka iEu o< msgm;la (Version) u iq/ls j ;nd .ekSu
iqÿiq h' tla tla o< igyk V-1,V-2,V-3 hkqfjka kï lr .kak'
wk;=re j .%ka: kdudj,sh yd úu¾Yk ,ehsia;= f.dkq lrkak' iïu; .%ka:kdudj,s
l%uhla wkq.ukh l< hq;= h' ksoiqka ( fuys § ydj¾â WoaOrK l%uh ieflúka y÷kajd § we;'
flfia jqj;a foaYsh fmd;a m;a WoaOrKh lsÍfï § fuys hï hï fjkialï lr .ekSug isÿ fõ'
ih jkih jkih jkih jk mshjf¾mshjf¾mshjf¾mshjf¾ m%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafkam%;sM,h jkafka( mejrefï o< w;amsgm;la( mejrefï o< w;amsgm;la( mejrefï o< w;amsgm;la( mejrefï o< w;amsgm;la yd .%ka:kdudj,shyd .%ka:kdudj,shyd .%ka:kdudj,shyd .%ka:kdudj,sh
iïmdokhiïmdokhiïmdokhiïmdokh ùu hs'ùu hs'ùu hs'ùu hs'
7 mshjr ( ixialrKh yd fidaÿm;a lshùu7 mshjr ( ixialrKh yd fidaÿm;a lshùu7 mshjr ( ixialrKh yd fidaÿm;a lshùu7 mshjr ( ixialrKh yd fidaÿm;a lshùu
Tfí mejreu ,shQ miq th jvd;a fyd| ksudjlska bÈßm;a l< hq;= h' ta i|yd
ixialrKh yd fidaÿm;a lshùu b;d jeo.;a h' fuh isÿ lsÍug fmr m<uqj flá úfõlhla
.kak' tu.ska Tfí mejreu jvd kejqï udkisl;ajhlska kej; lshùug yels jk w;r tys
wvqmdvq meyeÈ,s j y÷kd .ekSug wjldY ie,fia' ixfYdaOk l< hq;= wdldrh(
mq¿,a Ñ;%hla jYfhka f.kmq¿,a Ñ;%hla jYfhka f.kmq¿,a Ñ;%hla jYfhka f.kmq¿,a Ñ;%hla jYfhka f.k mÍmÍmÍmÍCId l<CId l<CId l<CId l< hq;= lreKqhq;= lreKqhq;= lreKqhq;= lreKq((((

7. 7
fuys § my; m%Yak wikak( Tn y÷kd .;a .eg¨j,g ms<s;=re § ;sfí o@ mejrefï
wdlD;sh ksjerÈ o@ ish¨ u wjYH fldgia ksjerÈ j we;=<;a ù ;sfí o@ ^ud;Dld msgqj" mgqk
msgqj" is;shï m%ia:dr" j.= ,ehsia;=j" flá fhÿï" ye¢kaùu" ks.uk" .%ka:kdudj,S" wkql%uKsld
wdÈh& ksjerÈ f,aLk NdId jHjydrh Ndú; fldg ;sfí o@ ikaO¾Nh ;d¾ldkql+,j ixúOdkh
lr ;sfí o@ ksnkaOh myiqfjka mßÉfþo tlska tl lshjd f.k hd yels o@ Tfí woyia yd
fjk;a uq,dY%hkays Wmqgd .ekSï ukd j WoaOrKh lr ;sfí o@ Tfí mejreu bÈßm;a l< yels
fyd| ksudjlska hqla; o@ hkd§ m%Yak wiñka msgm; mÍCId lrkak'
ú.%yd;aulú.%yd;aulú.%yd;aulú.%yd;aul j mßCId l< hq;= lreKqj mßCId l< hq;= lreKqj mßCId l< hq;= lreKqj mßCId l< hq;= lreKq((((
mejrefï jHdlrK" wCIr fodaI yd úrdu ,CIK mßCId lrkak' ta i|yd Yío fldaaI
n,kak' tfia u úu¾Yk uq,dY%hka ksjerÈ j WoaOrKh lr ;sfí o@ msgq wxlkh ksjerÈ o@
^frdau b,lalï" yskaÿ wrdì b,lalï& Tfí ku" YsIH wxlh" Èkh" m%ldYhka" wdÈh ksjerÈ j
olajd ;sfí o@ hkd§ m%Yak wid úi|d .kak' úYajúoHd,h úiska Tng ,nd § we;s Wmfoia wkqj
mejreu ilia ù ;sfí oehs úuid n,kak'
kej; jrla lshjd wvqmdvq u. yeÍug bvla fkdue;s nj iy;sl lr .kak' úYajdijka;
wfhl= u.ska fidaÿm;a lshjd .ekSug yels kï Tng ksrka;r u. yeÍ .sh jerÈ fidhd .ekSug
wjia:dj ,efnkq we;'
fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾fï mshjf¾ m%;sM,h jm%;sM,h jm%;sM,h jm%;sM,h jkafkakafkakafkakafka(((( id¾:lid¾:lid¾:lid¾:l mejreulamejreulamejreulamejreula iïmdokh ùuhs'iïmdokh ùuhs'iïmdokh ùuhs'iïmdokh ùuhs'
8 mshjr( mejreu Ndr8 mshjr( mejreu Ndr8 mshjr( mejreu Ndr8 mshjr( mejreu Ndr §u§u§u§u
iïmQ¾K lrk ,o mejreu Ndr §u wjika mshjr hs' Tn úiska jerÈ ish,a, ksjerÈ lr
;sfí o hkak .ek wjika jrg;a mÍCIdldÍ jkak' mejreu Ndr Èh hq;= Èkh yd Ndr Èh hq;=
wdldrh ms<sn| Wfoia wdpd¾hjrhd úiska i|yka fldg we;s úg ieu úg u tu Wmfoia ms<smeÈh
hq;= h' we.hSu i|yd mejreu ksis mßÈ wjYH msgm;a ixLHd iys;j" b,a,d we;s iajrEmfhka
^,sÅ; w;amsgm;a jYfhka $ uqøs; msgm;a jYfhka $ mß.Kl uDÿ msgm;la $ úoHq;a ;emE, $
*elaia" ;emE,& Ndr Èh hq;= h'
wjika mshjf¾wjika mshjf¾wjika mshjf¾wjika mshjf¾ m%;sm%;sm%;sm%;sM,hM,hM,hM,h jkafkajkafkajkafkajkafka( id¾:l mejreula( id¾:l mejreula( id¾:l mejreula( id¾:l mejreula ksudksudksudksud lsÍu ;=<skalsÍu ;=<skalsÍu ;=<skalsÍu ;=<ska ,nk udkisl,nk udkisl,nk udkisl,nk udkisl
i;=gls'i;=gls'i;=gls'i;=gls'