very usefull to commerce students

1. NORTHERN INDIA REGIONAL
COUNCIL
OF
THE INSTITUTE OF
CHARTERED
ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA
Setup by an Act of Indian Parliament
By ICITSS Batch No. 51Vishwas Nagar, Group - 4
"Anything that can be connected, will be connected"

2. PARTICIPANTS
Roll No. Reg. No. Name Topic
12 NRO0535233 DANISH AI with IOT
25 NRO0467402 PRIYANSHI
GUPTA
Applications of IOT
30 NRO0498320 SAHIL VATS Vision
34 NRO0470693 SHASHANK
KUMAR
Risk & Control
35 NRO0473666 SHIVAM SINGH Disadvantage &
Adoptions Barriers
36 NRO0469755 SHUBHAM ARYA Enabling Tech for
IOT
37 NRO0493006 TANYA BANSAL Advantages
38 NRO0468541 VISHNUPRIYA
SINGH
Introduction &
History
39 NRO0480057 YOGESH KUMAR Architecture
2

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Mr. Raman Deep Singh
Sir
Mr. Krishan Jain
Sir
Mr. Chetan Bhasin
Sir
Mrs. Deepa Verma
Ma’am
We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our Faculties, who gave
us the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project of IOT.
Who also helped us in completing our project. We came to know about so many new
things we are really thankful to them.
Secondly we would also like to thank our parents and friends who helped us a lot in
finalizing this project within the limited time frame.
Batch No. 51
Group - 4
3

4. Contents
Serial No. Topic Slide No.
1 Introduction & History 5
2 Applications of IOT 10
3 Advantages 14
4 Disadvantage &
Adoptions Barriers
18
5 Enabling Tech for IOT 22
6 Architecture 27
7 Risk & Control 31
8 AI with IOT 35
9 Vision 39
4

5. INTRODUCTION & HISTORY
The INTERNET OF THINGS
(IOT) is a system of interrelated
computing devices, mechanical
and digital machines, objects,
animals or people that are
provided with unique identifiers
and the ability to transfer data
over a network without requiring
HUMAN-TO-HUMAN or
HUMAN-TO-COMPUTER
interaction.
5

6. MR. KEVIN ASHTON
Inventor of the term INTERNET OF THINGS
FATHER OF INTERNET OF THINGS
6

7. 2020:
GARTNER ,the technology researcher has projected that the IOT business across the world would
increase to $1.9 trillion & in rupee terms it is 13,40,00,00,00,00,000.000
2011:
GARTNER ,the market research company, include ”THE INTERNET OF THINGS” technology in their
research.
2008:
THE INTERNET OF THINGS WAS BORN.
2005:
UN’S INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS UNION (ITU) Published it’s first report on this topic.
2004:
The term was mentioned in famous publications like the GUARDIAN,BOSTON GLOBE, and
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN.
1999:
The term “INTERNET OF THINGS” was used by KEVIN ASHTON during his work in P&G which became
widely accepted.
7

8. EXAMPLES OF INTERNET OF THINGS DEVICES
 Washing machines with Wi-Fi networking capabilities
can connect themselves to home Wi-Fi. Once these
machines are so connected, they can be controlled
through machine manufacturer mobile app from
anywhere in the world.
 India’s living legends of cricket appearing in an
advertisement for water purifier informs that, the water
purifier is Wi-Fi enabled. When the purifying agents
deplete in the machine, it connects to home Wi-Fi and
informs the service agents of the company.
 A light-bulb that can be switched on using a smartphone
app.
 An IOT device could be as fluffy as a child’s toy or as
serious as a driverless truck.
 Some larger objects may themselves be filled with many
smaller IOT components, such as a jet engine that’s now
filled with thousands of sensors collecting and
transmitting data back to make sure it is operating
efficiently.
8

9. FUTURE OF INTERNET OF THINGS
 Smart cars: imagine a car that can sense when
you are about to exit a restaurant and drive up to
the curb with heated seats and music playing, to
pick you up.
 Smart crockery: smart plates, bowls, and cups
will help to improve diets and make waves in the
health system as well. These are able to track
what we’re going to eat? It surely cheap your
health insurance.
 Smart toothbrushes: one day, our toothbrushes
will be able to detect the healthiness of your
teeth, telling the user when it is time to go to
dentist. Even it will go one step further with some
more extra ordinary features.
9

10. APPLICATIONS OF IOT
SMART HOME
 The most famous application of IOT is
Smart Homes.
 Connecting all the home applications like
lighting, air conditioners, locks, thermostat,
etc. into a single system that can be
controlled from your smartphone.
 These IOT devices are becoming more and
more popular these days because they
allow you complete freedom to personalize
your home as you want.
 Some popular examples, include Google
Home, Amazon Echo Plus, Philips Hue
Lighting System, etc.
10

11. SMART VEHICLE
 Smart vehicles or self-driving cars are pretty
dependent on IOT.
 These cars have a lot of features integrated within
them such as the sensors handling navigation,
various antennas, controls for speeding or slowing
down, etc.
 Here IOT technology comes in the sense that self-
driving cars need to be extremely accurate and all
the parts need to communicate with each other in
milliseconds on the road.
 Example, Tesla Cars are quite popular and working
on their self-driving cars. Tesla Motors’ cars use the
latest advancements in Artificial Intelligence and the
Internet of Things.
11

12. SMART HEALTHCARE
 IOT in the Healthcare Industry where doctors can monitor
patients remotely through a web of interconnected
devices and machines without needing to be in direct
contact with them which is very useful if the patients have
any infectious diseases like COVID-19 these days.
 One of the most common uses of IOT in healthcare is
using robots.
 Surgical robots that can help doctors in performing
surgeries more efficiently with higher precision and
control.
 Disinfectant robots that can clean surfaces quickly and
thoroughly using high-intensity ultraviolet light.
 Nursing robots that can handle the monotonous tasks that
nurses have to perform for many patients’ day in and day
out where there is little risk to the patients
12

13. SMART CITIES
 Cities can be made more efficient so that they
require fewer resources and are more energy-
efficient.
 This can be done with a combination of sensors in
different capacities all over the city that can be used
for various tasks ranging from managing the traffic,
controlling handling waste management, creating
smart buildings, optimizing streetlights, etc.
 There are many cities in the world that are working
on incorporating IOT and becoming smarter such as
Singapore, Geneva, Zurich, Oslo, etc.
 One example of creating smart cities is the Smart
Nation Sensor Platform used by Singapore which is
believed to be the smartest city in the world.
 This platform integrates various facets of
transportation, streetlights, public safety, urban
planning, etc. using sensors in conjugation with IOT.
13

14. ADVANTAGES
EFFICIENT RESOURCE UTILISATION
We can increase resource utilization and monitor natural resources by knowing the
functionality and how each device works.
MINIMISE HUMAN EFFORTS
We can increase resource utilization and monitor natural resources by knowing the
functionality and how each device works.
SAVE TIME
By reducing the human effort, it saves a lot of our time. Saving
time is one of the primary advantages of using the IoT platform.
14

15. ENHANCE DATA COLLECTION
Information is easily accessible, even if we are far away from our actual location,
and it is updated frequently in real-time. Hence these devices can access
information from anywhere at any time on any device.
IMPROVE SECURITY
If we have an interconnected system, it can assist in the smarter control of homes and cities
through mobile phones. It enhances security and offers personal protection.
USE IN TRAFFIC SYSTEMS
Asset tracking, delivery, surveillance, traffic or transportation tracking, inventory control,
individual order tracking, and customer management can be more cost-effective with the right
tracking system using IoT technology.
15

16. USEFUL IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY
It is helpful for safety because it senses any potential danger and warns users.
MONITORING
IoT allows remote monitoring of devices and personal
assets. The owner could be in any part of the world and
by the means of his/her smartphone they can check up
and monitor their assets without spending revenue on
manual labour.
USEFUL FOR SAFETY CONCERNS
It is helpful for safety because it senses any potential danger and
warns users.
16

17. COST EFFICIENCY
IoT has cost effective solutions that not only
save the budget but also provide active
solutions. Iot mainly helps make people’s lives
easier by offering solutions to compact
problems.
TIME MANAGEMENT
The Iot application In various industries lead to
quicker constriction of organizations and various
other domain applications. So it is clear to say that
IoT reduces the time factor.
17

18. PRIVACY AND SECURITY
 DOS (Denial of Service)
 DDOS (Distributed Denial of Service)
 Information manipulation
 Unauthorised access
 Information disclosure
18

19. A S
U
A S
U
19
DOS
DDOS

20. REDUCED MENTAL AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
An overuse of the internet and the IoT makes people lazy and lethargic. Since IoT makes lives easier it
also leads to severe health issues since there is less physical movement. This may also cause an
increase in stress levels in the human body in one way or another.
COMPLEXITY
IoT seems to be completing complicated tasks yet a huge set of complicated tasks run behind these
devices in order to complete the task. Many times the user is not aware of the internal mechanism
and hence even during a minor inconvenience the user has to contact customer support. In case the
software makes a wrong calculation the entire operation of the object fails.
INCREASE IN UNEMPLOYMENT
IoT robots replace manual forces in various industries to a large extent. This causes the
unemployment of factory labourers and sometimes leads to lesser wages for more skilled
labourers.
DEPENDENCY
The Internet of Things largely depends on internet connectivity. Without a stable internet
connection the IoT devices fail to work and the tasks are incomplete.
20

21. HIGH COST OF IMPLEMENTATION
Implementing the IoT can be expensive. Many companies have relied on the approach
of designing IoT devices with a centralized cloud based business model. This method
can lead to years or even decades of expense without revenue.
INADEQUATE INFRASTRUCTURE
A growing number of companies are at work building out IoT
infrastructure, including cloud providers like Amazon and
Microsoft, and Microprocessor company ARM, which has
developed the ARM mbed end-to-end IoT solution.
LEGAL, REGULATORY, AND RIGHTS
The use of IoT devices raises many new regulatory and legal
questions as well as amplifies existing legal issues around the
internet. The questions are wide in scope, and the rapid rate of
change in IoT technology frequently outpaces the ability of the
associated policy, legal, and regulatory structures to adapt.
TECHNOLOGY IS NOT MATURE
Just under a quarter of survey participants believed that IoT
technology is immature.
21

22. IOT ENABLING TECHNOLOGY
1.Wireless Sensor Network
2.Cloud Computing
3.Big Data Analytics
4.Embedded System
22

23.  Distributed devices with sensors used to monitor the environmental and physical conditions
 Consists of several end-nodes acting as routers or coordinators too
 Coordinators collects data from all nodes/acts as gateway that connects WSN to internet
 Routers route the data packets from end notes to coordinators.
EXAMPLE-
 Weather monitoring system
 Indoor air quality monitoring system
 Surveillance system.
23

24.  Cloud computing is the use of various services, such as software development platforms,
servers, storage and software, over the internet, often referred to as the “cloud”.
Generally the cloud computing based on three characteristics such as:
1. The back-end of the application (especially hardware) is completely managed by a cloud
vendor.
2. A user only pays for services used (memory, [processing time and bandwidth, etcetera.
3. Services are scalable.
The cloud computing provides ability to “pay on demand” and scale quickly is largely a
result of cloud computing vendors being able to pool resources that may be divided among
multiple clients.
The cloud computing provides different services such as:
i. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
ii. Platform as a service (PaaS)
iii. Software as a service (SaaS).
24

25. BIG DATA ANALYTICS
Big data analytics refers to the strategy of analyzing large volumes of data, or big data. This big data is gathered
from a wide variety of sources, including social networks, videos, digital images, sensors, and sales transaction
records. The large data is difficult to store, manage, process and analyze the data using traditional databases and
data processing tools.
 It involves data cleaning, processing and visualization
 Lots of data is being collected and warehoused
 variety includes different types of data
 Structured
 Unstructured
 Semi structured
 All of the above
Some Examples of big data generated by IOT are:
1. Sensors data generated by weather monitoring stations.
2. Data generated by IOT system for location and tracking of vehicles
3. Sensors embedded in industry and energy system.
4. Health and fitness data generated by IOT system such as fitness bands.
25

26. EMBEDDED SYSTEM
 Embedded system is a combination of hardware and
software system used to perform special tasks.
Embedded system includes microcontroller or
microprocessor, memory (RAM, ROM), networking unit,
input/output units and storage. It collects the data
analyze and sends the data to internet.
Embedded system range from low-cost devices such as:
o Digital watch
o Digital cameras
o Vending machines
o Appliances ( washing machine) etcetera.
26

27. Architecture
The IOT Architecture is a fundamental way to
design the various elements of IOT, so that it
can deliver services over the network and
serve the needs for the Future
27

28. 28

29. Sensors and actuators
Sensors and actuators go hand in hand
and make up the baseline of IoT. At this
stage, sensors collect data about their
environment, and actuators act within
that environment
STAGE1
Internet Gateways and Data Acquisition Systems
Sensors collect massive amounts of data and in analog form. At the second stage,
acquisition systems process that data into manageable sizes and convert it
into digital formats. They also filter the data and select only vital information, reducing the
amount to be processed and stored. Gateways transfer data over Wi-Fi, LANs or via
internet.
STAGE 2
29

30. Edge IT Systems
Edge IT Systems work as a field-
based counterpart to the cloud,
taking in data for further processing
and analyzing.
STAGE 3
Data Centre and Cloud
The cloud is the main stage for data processing and feedback,
with the ability to store and process data on a greater scale than
edge devices. The cloud can be a management system for
software and security updates.
STAGE 4
30

31. Risk & Control
REGULATORY, LEGAL & RIGHT ISSUES
It includes privacy, cybersecurity and liability issues
SECURITY, PRIVACY AND DATA
SHARING RISK
The Security of IoT devices has been a cause for concern and
has had the inevitable consequences of allowing both small and
large scale attacks
INTEROPERABILITY/STANDARD ISSUES
The lack of automatic widespread interoperability doesn't only show the consumer or
home IOT markets but it slows progress in civic and commercial IOT deployments
31

32. PRIVACY CONSIDERATION
To enhance consumer trust in Iot - regulation public education
will be key to safeguard consumer interest
EMERGING ECONOMY AND
DEVELOPMENT
a) Infrastructure resources
b) Investment
c) Technical and Industry development
32

33. CHALLENGES WITH IOT
Security of data
Reliability and stability – of IoT sensors
Connectivity of all the systems in IoT setup – no maintenance
envisioned?
Blending legacy systems – IoT is new in the market
33

34. WHAT NEEDS TO BE CONTROL?
 Consumer education
 Product reviews and comparisons
 Vulnerability disclosure and vulnerability markets
 Self-certification and voluntary codes of practice
 Trust marks and labels like Internet Society’s Online
Trust Alliance (OTA) IoT Trust Framework
 Government initiatives
 Mandated security requirements
 Mandated certification
 Liability reform
34

35. AI with IOT
35

36. AI is a class of applications that interpret conditions and make decisions,
similar to the way people respond to their senses, but without requiring
direct human intervention.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
36

37. BENEFITS OF AI ENABLED IOT
 BOOSTING OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY.
 BETTER RISK MANAGEMENT.
 TRIGGERING NEW AND ENHANCED PRODUCTS & SERVICES.
 INCREASE IOT SCALABILITY.
 ELIMINATES COSTLY UNPLANNED DOWNTIME.
37

38. EXAMPLES OF AI AND IOT IN ACTION
 ROBOTS IN MANUFACTURING.
 SELF DRIVING CARS.
 RETAIL ANALYTICS.
 SMART THERMOSTAT SOLUTION.
 AND MANY MORE.
38

39. 39
VISION
DEVICE CENTRIC
INTERNET CENTRIC

40. INTERNET CENTRIC THING CENTRIC
Involves Internet Services As
Main Focus.
40
Involves Smart Services As
Main Focus.

41.  PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE
 ADVANCED DRIVER ASSISTANT SYSTEM
(ADAS)
 POWERED WIFI
 CAR 2 CAR CONNECTIVITY
 IN-VEHICLE INFOTAINMENT SYSTEM
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY
41

42. ROBOTICS
ROBOTS CAN BE THOUGHT OF AS EITHER A SUBSET OR A
SUPERSET OF IOT DEVICES. COMPANIES INVOLVED : AMAZON ,
iROBOT , INTUITIVE , GOOGLE ETC
BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
IOT ENABLES DEVICES ACROSS INTERNET TO SEND DATA TO
PRIVATE BLOCKCHAIN NETWORKS TO CREATE TAMPER –
RESISTANT RECORDS OF SHARED TRANSACTION. Eg – IBM
Blockchain
HEALTH CARE
INDUSTRY
HOSPITALS – APOLLO , LABS ,
SERUM INSTITUTE , ETC
FROM MANUFACTURING, MINING ,
OIL, GAS , TO DURABLE PHYSICAL
GOODS , HOSPITALS , PORT
FACILITIES , TO TRANSPORTATION
,LOGISTICS , TO AUTOMOBILE , TO
SMART HOMES .............''THE FUTURE
OF IOT HAS THE POTENTIOL TO BE
LIMIT LESS .''
42

43. TOP COMPANIES
MANY MORE....
43

44. 44