The Life Stages Theater presentation at Vitafoods Europe 2016 by Garry J. Mendelson, PhD, Applied Nutrition Science Manager, DuPont Nutrition & Health.

1. Vitafoods Europe May 10, 2016
Can snacking really be good for
today’s teens?
Garry J. Mendelson, PhD
Applied Nutrition Science Manager, EMEA
DuPont Nutrition & Health

2. Preventing unhealthy weight gain during childhood and
throughout adolescence may represent the most desirable
approach to preventing an increase in or reducing the
prevalence of obesity in the future.
1. Wake, M., et al., Int J Obes, 2013. 37(1): p. 86-93
2. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION: The challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response. 2007.
3. Freedman, D., et al., J Pediatrics, 2007. 150(1): p. 12-17.
4. "Global food security index 2014 special report: The burden of obesity." The Economist Intelligence Unit. http://www.eiu.com/
overweight
or obese
adolescents
likely to
become
overweight
adults
60%

3. Who’s Snacking?
Snacking Frequency
2,5
3.0
2,9
2,4 2,3
2,2
Snacks / Day
Source: 10 Key Trends in Food, Health & Nutrition, 2016, New Nutrition Business
• Millennials are leading the snacking trend
• Kids significantly impact snacking frequency in families
• Seniors have the lowest snacking frequency
Comparison Across Countries
1,4 1,6
1,8
1,9
2,2
2,5
2,7Snacks / Day
Key Demographics

4. When Are Consumers Snacking?
Snacking Frequency At All Times of the Day is On the Rise
45%
57%
69%
37%
20%
24%
44%
51%
22%
7%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Late Evening
Evening
Afternoon
Morning
Early Morning
2010 2016
Source: IRI – 2016 IRI Snacking Survey, April 2016
Snacking has increased
at all points of the day,
2010-2016, with
particularly large gains
seen in the
breakfast/morning time
frame and late evening.

5. Contribution of snacks to daily dietary intake
Globally, children are eating 2-3 snacks per day
16%
44%
31%
7%
2%
1
2
3
4
5
Source: proprietary research conducted by Ipsos for DuPont Nutrition & Health
Q: In a typical day, how many total snacks does your child eat?
Response mechanism: Open text field. Base Respondents: 200
Piernas C , and Popkin B M Health Aff 2010;29:398-404
-Children in the US,
are consuming
almost 3 snacks per
day.
-Snacking accounted
for up to 27 percent
of children’s daily
caloric intake in
2006.

6. Is there a role of snacking in healthy eating?
Snacking may be
protective against over-
eating and weight gain in
normal weight individuals
Snacking has also been
associated with
increased daily intake
and increased weight
status
It is unclear as to whether the replacement of high-fat and/or high-sugar
snacks with healthier versions would lead to improvements in obesity-
related outcomes in overweight young people.

7. Recent study in Adolescents
Intervention products formulated with SUPRO® Soy Protein, part of
DuPont™ Danisco® ingredient range

8. No Snacking
(- Control)
(NS)
High Fat
(+ Control)
(HF)
High Protein
(HP)
Snack Water Pudding & Water
Pudding &
Water
Energy Content (kcal) 0 259 266
Total Mass (g) 217 400 400
Protein (g) 0 4 26
Carbohydrates (g)
Sugar (g)
Fiber (g)
0
0
0
32
19
2
27
19
2
Fat (g) 0 12 6
Leidy et al. 2015; J Nutrition; Jul; 145(7): 1614-22
Crossover Study in 31 Healthy Adolescents (age: 17±1 y)
Aim: To examine the effects of a nutrient-rich, high-protein snack vs.
a typical nutrient-poor, high-fat snack vs. no snack on appetite
control, satiety, & subsequent food intake mood, and cognition in
adolescents.
Study Details

9. Testing Day (6 ½ h)
Outcomes
• Time to Dinner Request (Eating Initiation)
• Pre and Post-snack Perceived Appetite & Satiety
Net Incremental Area Under the Curve (niAUC)
• Energy Content & Macronutrient Composition of: Ad libitum Dinner,
Evening Snacks, & Daily Intake
• Food Selection/Choice Evening Snacks
Meals
• Standardized Breakfast: Quesadilla & Pineapples (438 ± 24 kcal)
• Standardized Lunch: Turkey Pita, Chips, Applesauce (452 ± 9 kcal)
• Ad libitum Dinner (4000 kcal; 210g Protein/246g CHO/229g Fat)
• Ad libitum Evening Snacks (7000 kcal; 162g Protein/1040g CHO/227g Fat)
3- day At Home
Snack Acclimation

10. Results: Appetite Response
Data is graphically truncated (on the line graph) to illustrate fullness changes prior to the mean dinner request within each pattern
Leidy et al. 2015; J Nutrition; Jul; 145(7): 1614-22
a
b
c
Different letters
denote sig., p<0.05

11. Eating Initiation
Leidy et al. 2015; J Nutrition; Jul; 145(7): 1614-22
Dinner was requested at
~5:40 pm
(5 ½ h post-lunch)
For the NS pattern
• HP snack, but not the HF
snack, delayed eating (~20
min) vs. NS (P<0.05)
• HP tended to delay eating
(~10 min) vs. HF (P=0.08)

12. Energy Intake
NS
(- control)
HF
(+ control)
HP
Energy (kcal) 1646 ± 167a 1310 ± 127b 1202 ± 123b
CHO (g) 255 ± 27a 203 ± 20b 189 ± 20b
Protein (g) 34 ± 5a 26 ± 3b 23 ± 3b
Fat (g) 58 ± 6a 47 ± 5b 42 ± 5b
Different letters denote sig., P<0.05
Dinner:
On average, the participants consumed ~ 780 kcal with no differences in
energy or macronutrient content between patterns.
Evening Snacking:
Both snacks reduced energy & macronutrient content vs.
NS (both, P<0.05) with no differences between snacks.
Differences in the types of foods selected were noted.

13. Daily energy intake
Leidy et al. 2015; J Nutrition; Jul; 145(7): 1614-22
Diet Quality:
Compared to No Snacking,
High Protein Snacking led to:
• +10 g total protein (p<0.05)
• -10 g total fat (p=0.08)
• -1940 kJ (464 kcal) high
fat/sugar evening snacks
(p<0.01)
Different letters
denote sig., p<0.05

14. Daily energy intake
Leidy et al. 2015; J Nutrition; Jul; 145(7): 1614-22
Different letters
denote sig., p<0.05
Diet Quality:
Compared to High Fat Snacking,
High Protein Snacking led to:
• +10 g total protein (p<0.05)
• -20 g total fat (p<0.05)
• -510 kJ (122 kcal) high
fat/sugar evening snacks
(p=0.09)
• +70% dietary compensation
(p=0.16)

15. Summary of Findings
• The consumption of 260 kcal afternoon snacks led to
reductions in appetite, increases in satiety, & reductions in
evening intake compared to no snacking.
• The high-protein snack led to further improvements by
delaying eating initiation, reducing the consumption of high
fat/high sugar foods throughout the evening, & improving
overall diet quality vs. high-fat snack.
• Afternoon snacking, particularly on foods rich in high quality
soy protein, beneficially influenced certain aspects of mood
and cognition.
• Removing an afternoon snack does not reduce daily intake
or improve diet quality in adolescents who frequently snack.

16. Follow-up study presented at Experimental Biology, (FASEB, 2016)
Research supports a role for higher protein diets for maintenance of
healthy body composition; however, the majority of studies have been
conducted in adults.
It is unknown if increasing daily protein intake in a free-living environment
will affect body composition in young children.
Soy is a lean source of high quality protein, highly digestible and
meeting all the amino acid needs to support growth and development.
Can incorporation of lean, high quality
protein snacks in daily diet support long-term
positive effects in young people?
Hypothesis: Children consuming a higher protein diet,
from incorporation of soy-based breakfast & snack
foods, will experience improvements in body
composition compared with children consuming a
standard protein diet.

17. Protein Quality of commonly consumed
proteins
SUPRO Isolated Soy Protein
PDCAAS is the globally
recognized method for
determining protein quality
based on amino acid profile
and digestibility
(ISP)
Soy is a High Quality Protein - PDCAAS (Protein
Digestibility-Corrected Amino Acid Score)
PDCAAS = 1.00
Comparable to milk
& egg protein
Can be consumed
throughout the life
cycle
The only complete
vegetable protein
widely available
Isolated soy protein
is low in fat,
saturated fat,
cholesterol-free
and lactose-free

18. Across the lifespan, soy protein is a high quality protein
that can play a role in:
Child Nutrition
• healthy growth and development, tool against childhood obesity, early start
to a healthy heart, and a high quality alternative to dairy protein
Weight Management
• soy protein helps improve body composition and induces satiety
Muscle Health
• soy protein enhances muscle synthesis and promotes muscle growth
Healthy Aging
• soy protein supports heart health by improving risk factors associated with
CVD, such as circulating cholesterol
• may improve muscle health and body composition & function
SUPRO® Soy protein part of DuPont™ Danisco® ingredient range is a
high quality protein
Child Nutrition
• healthy growth and development, tool against childhood obesity, early start
to a healthy heart, and a high quality alternative to dairy protein
Weight Management
• soy protein helps improve body composition and induces satiety
Muscle Health
• soy protein enhances muscle synthesis and promotes muscle growth
Healthy Aging
• soy protein supports heart health by improving risk factors associated with
CVD, such as circulating cholesterol
• may improve muscle health and body composition & function
SUPRO® Soy protein part of DuPont™ Danisco® ingredient range is a
high quality protein 10

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registered trademarks or trademarks of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company or its affiliates.
Thank you!
19
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