What is Hashgraph? | Hashgraph Explained | Edureka
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*** Edureka Online Training: https://www.edureka.co *** This edureka tutorial will give you a graphic representation of hashgraph and explain all parts of the gossip protocol being used including witness, fame, rounds, consensus timestamp.
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What is Hashgraph? | Hashgraph Explained | Edureka
- 2. The image that you see on the left, is a hashgraph. Hashgraph is a Distributed Ledger Technology developed by Leemon Baird, the co-founder and CTO of Swirlds, in 2016. MEMBERS Alice Bob Carrol Dave
- 3. A B C D Alice Bob Carrol Dave EVENT Each event is a container for zero or more transactions along with some information regarding the transaction
- 4. A B C D 1 2 3 4 Timestamp and Digital Signature Transaction Hash EVENT
- 5. A B C D GOSSIP PROTOCOL AliceBobDave
- 6. A B C D 1 2 3 4 WITNESS ROUND The first event that a member creates in each round is called a witness. Lets colour Alice’s witnesses yellow. It is possible for a member to have no witnesses in a given round. Alice’s Witness Bob’s Witness Carrol’s Witness Dave’s Witness Every witness is defined by its two properties i.e. a witness can either be Famous or Not-Famous
- 7. A B C D 1 2 3 4 FAME ROUND The fame of every witness of a round is decided through a systematic voting process. If a witness of the of the next round can see a certain witness then it votes ‘yes’. Let’s try and calculate B2’s Fame. Alice’s Witness Bob’s Witness Carrol’s Witness Dave’s Witness Witness Vote A3 B3 C3 D3 Yes Yes Yes Yes
- 8. A B C D 1 2 3 4 Election ROUND All four witnesses voted YES, so we would expect that B2 will be declared to be famous. But the election isn’t over yet! An election isn’t over until the votes are counted. The votes will be counted by the witnesses in the following round. So B4 will count the votes. And D4 will also count the votes. Witness VoteA3 B3 C3 D3 Yes Yes Yes Yes B4 will collect the votes from every round-3 witness that it strongly sees. B4 A3
- 9. A B C D 1 2 3 4 Election ROUND All four witnesses voted YES, so we would expect that B2 will be declared to be famous. But the election isn’t over yet! An election isn’t over until the votes are counted. The votes will be counted by the witnesses in the following round. So B4 will count the votes. And D4 will also count the votes. Witness VoteA3 B3 C3 D3 Yes Yes Yes Yes B4 will collect the votes from every round-3 witness that it strongly sees. B4 A3 ,B3
- 10. A B C D 1 2 3 4 Election ROUND All four witnesses voted YES, so we would expect that B2 will be declared to be famous. But the election isn’t over yet! An election isn’t over until the votes are counted. The votes will be counted by the witnesses in the following round. So B4 will count the votes. And D4 will also count the votes. Witness Vote B3 C3 D3 Yes Yes Yes Yes B4 will collect the votes from every round-3 witness that it strongly sees. A3 A3B4 ,B3,C3 ,D3 Election Result: B2 is Famous
- 11. Election Witness Vote B3 C3 D3 Yes Yes Yes Yes A3 A3B4 ,B3,C3 ,D3 Election Result: B2 is Famous A B C D 1 2 3 4 ROUND Since the supermajority has voted that B2 is famous let’s colour it yellow. Now let’s calculate C2’s fame. Election Result: C2 is Not Famous Famous Witness A2, B2, D2, A1, B1, C1, D1
- 12. Rounds A B C D 1 2 3 4 ROUND We have now decided the fame of every witness in round 2. Once a round has the fame decided for all of its witnesses, it is possible to find the round received and find the consensus timestamp for a new set of events Let’s start by considering the black event immediately below A2 Famous Witness A2, B2, D2, A1, B1, C1, D1 Since the black event is seen by all of the famous witnesses in round it is said to have a round received of 2.
- 13. Timestamps A B C D 1 2 3 4 ROUND The consensus timestamp of the black event can be found as follows:- Famous Witness A2, B2, D2, A1, B1, C1, D1 Now consider the grey event below B2. It is seen by B2, but not seen by A2 or D2. So it was not seen by all the famous witnesses in round 2 Find the earliest event X by Alice that is an ancestor of A2 and a descendent of the black event. Similarly, find the earliest event Y by Bob that is an ancestor of B2 and descendent of the black event. And similarly for event Z by Dave.
- 14. Consensus Order A B C D 1 2 3 4 ROUND Continuing, we find consensus for the 6 black events and the 4 dark green events. These are the 10 events that have a round received of 2. Famous Witness A2, B2, D2, A1, B1, C1, D1 We need to sort these 10 events into an order that all members will agree on. This agreed order is the consensus order. This is done by sorting them by round received.