The document summarizes the evolution of retail formats over time. It describes how the first department stores emerged in the mid-19th century in Paris and how self-service concepts began in the early 20th century. It then discusses the rise of supermarkets and hypermarkets in the 1930s-1960s, which consolidated products and provided more information to aid consumer decision making. Specialty stores, malls, and e-commerce platforms like Amazon further transformed retail by catering to changing consumer needs and demands. Retail formats have continually adapted to social, economic, and technological landscapes.

1. EVOLUTION OF RETAIL FORMATS
PRESENTED BY
EMMANUAL JO

2. EVOLUTION :
• THE FIRST DEPARTMENT STORES “BON MARCHE” WAS SET UPIN 1852 IN PARIS.
• BORN MARCHE RVOLUTIONIZED RETAIL AT TIME BY RELYING ON VOLUME RATHER THAN
ON HIGH MARK UP.
• SUCCESS OF BORN MARCHE LET OTHER DEPARTMENT STORES UP IN EUROPE AND
AMERICA
• THE FIRST CHAIN STORE WASA&P (ATLANTIC & PACIFIC)-A GROCERY STORE FOUNDED IN
1859 BY GEORGE F FILMAN
• THE WORLD WITNESSED THE NEW FORM OF RETAIL WHEN MONTGOMERY WARD
LAUNCHED
THE FIRST MAIL ORDER CATALOGUE IN 1870
• ANOTHER IMPORTANT CHAIN STORE WAS FW WOOLWORTH SET UP IN 1879

3. EMERGENCE OF SELF SERVICE :
• RETAIL EVOLVED IN MANY WAYS OVER THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
• SELF SERVICE AS A CONCEPT STARTED IN 1916 WHEN CLARANCE SAUNDERS STARTED THEIR
FIRST SELF SERVICE STORE “PIGGLY WIGGLY” IN MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE
• THE CONCEPT OF SELF SERVICE HELPED THE RETAILER REDUCE COSTS, AS FEWER WORKERS
WERE REQUIRED TO SERVICE THE CUSTOMERS

4. SUPER MARKETS :
• 1930’S SAW THE EMERGENCE OF SUPERMARKETS
• THE FIRST HYPERMARKET THAT AS DEVELOPED WAS IN CARREFOUR FRANCE, IN 1963
• NEW FORMATS GAVE AN OPPORTUNITY TO PICK UP PRODUCTS, COMPARE WITH OTHERS AND
THEN TAKING A DECISION OF BUYING
• PROVIDING ALL INFORMATION REGARDING PRICE, WEIGHT, DATE OF MANUFACTURE AND
EXPIRY ON PACKAGES TO AID DECISION MAKING

5. SUPERMARKETS AND HYPERMARKETS :
The mass merchandisers worked on three principles, which have nowbecome the fundamental principles
of modern selling
• Theyfixed product prices before sale, and customers bought at the set prices
• Prices were determined on the basis of stock turns and the amountof profitthat would be generated from
the product
• They departmentalized the products Accounting systems were devised to determine the contributionof
various departments. This enabled them to dropunprofitable goods

6. SPECIALITY STORES, MALLS AND OTHER
FORMATS :
• THE NEEDS OF THE CUSTOMERS GREW AND CHANGED
• THIS ENSURED THE EMERGENCE OF COMMODITY SPECIALIZED MASS MERCHANDISERS IN 1970S
• SEVENTIES ALSO SAW THE USE OF TECHNOLOGY BY WAY OF INTRODUCTION OF THE “BARCODE”
• SPECIALTY CHAINS DEVELOPED I THE 1980S AS DID THE LARGE SHOPPING MALLS
• SHOPPING MALLS WERE CREATED O PROVIDE FOR ALL OF HE CONSUMER’S NEEDS IN A SINGLE
SELF CONTAINED SHOPPING AREA

7. RISE OF THE WEB :
• THE WORLD OF RETAIL CHANGED YET AGAIN WHEN IN 1995, AMAZON. COM OPENED ITS DOORS
TO A WORLD WIDE MARKET ON THE WEB
• EVOLUTION OF RETAIL FORMATS WORLDWIDE HAS BEEN LARGELY INFLUENCED BY A CONSTANTL
CHANGING SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC LANDSCAPE
• ONE OF THE MAIN REASONS FOR NEW FORMATS EMERGING IS THE CONSUMER HIMSELF
• TODAY'S CONSUMER IS MORE DEMANDING AND IS FOCUSED ON WHAT HE WANTS
• RETAILER ON THE OTHER HAND HAS BEEN INFLUENCED BY AVAILABILITY OF REAL ESTATE AND
ITS INCREASING PRICES HE IS FACING WITH
• HE IS FACED WITH THE CHALLENGE OF ADDING ON NEW SERVICES AND THE NEED FOR
DIFFERENTIATION

8. • THIS HAS LED TO SPECIALIZATION AND THE EMERGENCE OF SPECIALISTS
• SUPPLY CHAIN COMPLEXITIES AND INCREASING PRESSURE ON MARGINS HAS ALSO FORCED
THE RETAILERS TO LOOK AT NEW FORMATS

9. THANK YOU