This document discusses various man-made resources that can be used for community-based science learning, including museums, botanical gardens, krishibhavans, agrifarms, research centers, and hospitals. It provides details on the purpose and educational implications of each resource. For example, it states that museums maintain real specimens and objects that can bring school lessons to life, and botanical gardens allow students to observe different plant species and their identifying features. The conclusion emphasizes that such man-made resources can foster scientific interest, awareness, and critical thinking in students by providing hands-on learning experiences outside the classroom.

1. BY
GAYATHRI G.S
B.Ed Natural Science
GCTE, Thycaud

3. INTRODUCTION
A resource is a source or supply from which benefit is
produced. Typically resources are materials, energy, services,
staff, knowledge, or other assets that are transformed to
produce benefit and in that process it may be consumed and
made unavailable. Benefits of resource utilization may include
increased wealth, meeting needs or wants, proper functioning
of a system, or enhanced well being.
From a human perspective a natural resource is
anything obtained from the environment to satisfy human
needs and wants.

4. Man made resources is defined as a resource created by
humans. It does not occur naturally and is produced and
consumed by humans. Man made resources are items or
substances that have value to human lives that do not occur in
the natural world. Examples of man made resources are
hospitals, Krishi bhavans, Research centers, Govt. agencies and
Non Govt. agencies etc.
There are number of institutions made by man, which can
be converted as resources for community based science
learning process.

5. The major man made resources are
1. Museum
2. Botanical Garden
3. Krishibhavan
4. Agrifarms
5. Research Centers
6. Hospitals

6. MUSEUM
A museum is an institution that cares
for (conserves) a collection of artifacts and other objects
of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance and
makes them available for public viewing through exhibits that
may be permanent or temporary
The English "museum “originally from the Ancient
Greek “Mouseion”, which denotes a place or temple
dedicated to the Muses

7. The purpose of modern museums is to collect, preserve,
interpret, and display items of artistic, cultural, or scientific
significance for the education of the public.
There are many types of museums, including art
museums, natural history museums, science museums, war
museums and children's museums etc.

9. Educational Implication
Museums also play a vital role in education. In terms of
education, going to a museum one can bring what is tough in
schools to life, as museums maintain real specimens and
objects. And it also consist of Skelton of animals, birds etc. So
a school should have a science museum which could be set up
with the help of the students.
Thus, Museum can provide memorable, immersive
learning experiences, provoke imagination, introduce unknown
worlds and subject matter, and offer unique environments in
children.

10. Advantages of school museum
 Students get first hand experience
 It develops spirit of competition in students
 Students are inspired when their object are displayed
 It provide satisfaction among students
 Students learn handing, constructive and manipulative skills

11. BOTANICAL GARDEN
A botanical garden or botanic garden is a garden dedicated
to the collection, cultivation and display of a wide range of
plants labeled with their botanical name. These are
scientifically designed gardens developed with a view to
conserve a variety of plants. They are different from ordinary
gardens.

12. The origin of modern botanical gardens can be traced
to European medieval medicinal gardens known as physic
gardens, the first of these being founded during the Italian
Renaissance in the 16th century.
In principle, their role is to maintain documented
collections of living plants for the purposes of scientific
research, conservation, display, and education, although
this will depend on the resources available and the special
interests pursued at each particular garden.

13. A trip to Botanical garden helps to introduce the
characteristics of endangered plants, and observe greenhouse
plants.
The binomial family and characters of plants are properly
labeled, thus it helps the students to make through knowledge
about the plant
e.g. The Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute (T B
G R I) at Palode, Thiruvananthapuram

15. Educational implication
 Provide interest to botany and horticulture
 Increase nature awareness
 Botanical gardens are wonderful learning environments
 Students can see various kinds of plants

16. KRISHI BHAVAN
Krishi Bhavan is a Government organization under the
administration of the Department of Agriculture. It is the one
and only centre for controlling and co-coordinating all
agricultural activities in a Panchayath.

17. Krishi Bhavans are conducting all the
developmental programmes of agriculture in our state directly
or indirectly. Krishi Bhavans helps the farmers to overcome the
difficulties in agriculture by group farming.

18. FUNCTIONS
Krishi Bhavan is responsible for the formulation and
implementation of national policies and programmes aimed at
achieving rapid agricultural growth through optimum
utilization of the country’s land, water, soil and plant resources.

19. EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATION
 Students get fresh hand experience about the day to day living
situations of the common man.
 These learning will change their behavioral approach towards
the life style of farmers, who are serving the bread and butter of
our nation.

20. AGRI FARM
Agrifarm is a new co-operative form of production and
transport of agricultural products.
The production of the products is based on the smart
agricultural management, which follows the modern modes of
cultivation without the extensive use of fertilizers and strong
pesticides. Agrifarm can create products of high quality with
scents and flavors that bring back memories.
.

21. Agrifarms are other form of botanical garden. It is also a
manmade resource. Agrifarm plays a vital role in educational
field. This is mainly offered to those students who wish to have
a career in agriculture

22. Educational implication
 Agrifarms provide agricultural education
 Creates agricultural awareness
 Provides interest to agriculture

23. HOSPITAL
A hospital is a health care institution providing patient
treatment with specialized staff and equipment. . The word
hospital comes from the Latin ”hospes”, signifying a stranger
or foreigner, hence a guest.

24. Hospitals are usually funded by the public sector, by health
organizations, health insurance companies, or charities,
including direct charitable donations. Historically, hospitals
were often founded and funded by religious orders or
charitable individuals and leaders

25. • The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which
has an emergency department.
• A district hospital, typically the major health care facility in a
particular region, with large numbers of beds for intensive
care and long-term care.
• Specialized hospitals that include trauma centres
• There are also children’s hospitals, seniors' (geriatric) hospitals,
and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs such
as psychiatric problems (psychiatric hospital) etc.

26. CONCLUSION
There are several community resources for science
learning. Man Mad Resources like museum, botanical garden,
agrifarms, krishibhavan etc create natural awareness to the
students. Thus plays a vital role in education. Such resources
create scientific temper, interest, and curiosity in pupils. As
most of them crate a real world of science.

27. Science Teachers have important role in the process of
familiarizing man made resources to the students. Normally the
concept of teaching to the four walls of the class room and the
alphabets written in the text books is a limit. So to impart
permanent knowledge to the learner we need to give fresh hand
experience, these types of manmade resources offers a wide
range of opportunities of that experience to the learner. The
role of Teacher is that, to emphasize and modulate his
perception to utilize the given opportunities for providing a
better learning experience and exposure to the learner

28. REFERENCES
1. Modern science Teaching - R.C. Sharma
2. Teaching of Science - Anju Soni
3. Science Education - Dr. K. Sivarajan - Prof. A Faziluddin
4. www.karshikakeralam.com
5. www.keralakrishibhavan.in