Presentation at 3rd GRF One Health Summit 2015 Session Plenary I: One Health and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

1. International Strategy for Disaster Mitigation Lab.
International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS)
Tohoku University, Japan
Osamu MURAO
“City” as a living environment from a
viewpoint of disaster management

3. Community Detection in Co-occurrence Network of
Words in Sendai Framework (Murao, 2015)
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
Minimum appearance frequency: 20
The number of the words used: 52

4. Community Detection in Co-occurrence Network of
Words in Sendai Framework (Murao, 2015)
I
II
IV VII
VIII
Minimum appearance frequency: 20

5. A City

6. Health
http://mincla.org/tag/free/

7. What is the relationship between city and health?
CityHealth
?

8. Istanbul

9. Dhaka

10. Shanghai

11. Lima

12. Tried to search “city” and “health”

13. Tagum City’s main health center gets facelift,
Philippines
http://www.e-architect.co.uk/images/jpgs/china/green-health-city-p040613-10.jpg

14. Green Health City, China
http://www.e-architect.co.uk/images/jpgs/china/green-health-city-p040613-10.jpg

15. Dubai aspiring to be a global health tourism hub, UAE
http://www.arabiangazette.com/dubai-aspiring-global-health-tourism-hub-20130225/

16. Several clues to specify the relationship
between “city” and “health”

17. World Health Organization
Indispensable elements for maintaining a high
quality of life
 Safety
 Health
 Convenience
 Amenity
(WHO, 1964)

18. Plague in Medieval Europe

19. Poussin, Nicolas: Die Pest von Azoth
(1630–1631)
http://www.zeno.org/Kunstwerke/B/Poussin,+Nicolas%3A+Die+Pest+von+Azoth

20. Vom Mittelalter zum Dreißigjährigen Krieg
https://www.in-die-zukunft-gedacht.de/icoaster/files/i_pest_ullstein_00613374_2.jpg
© Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales 2015

21. Pest Mask for Doctors
http://dailynewsagency.com/2013/12/02/plague-doctors-xss/

22. Development of
Modern City
Since the Industrial
Revolution, the
population flow to
urban areas from
rural accelerated,
and urban
environment had
deteriorated.
Smokestacks in Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania, 1890s ©
Bettmann/CORBIS

23. Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928)
• To-morrow;APeaceful Path
to Real Reform (1898)
• Garden CitiesofTomorrow
(1902)

24. Garden CitiesofTomorrow (1902)

25. Letchworth (1903-)

26. Le Corbusier (1887-1965)
• "Contemporary City" for
three million inhabitants
(1922)
• PlanVoisin (1925)
• Ville Radieuse (1935)

27. Vill Contemporaine Plan for Paris,1922

28. Grid System
Open Space
Separated Highway and Pedestrian
Business Center as abrain
Cultural District as a heart
Residential Areas as lungs
Four Basic Functions
1. living
2. Labour
3. Recreation
4. Exercise

29. Clarence Perry (1872-1944)
• The Neighborhood Unit
(1924)

30. Radburn System

31. Radburn,New Jersey (1929-)

32. I learned when I was a student that
 City planning starts with developing the sewage
system.
http://www.ktr.mlit.go.jp/city_park/machi/city_park_machi00000048.html

33. Purpose of Modern City Planning
 To promote the sound development and the
orderly management of the city,
 To prevent the public health problems caused by
poor living environment, and
 To improve the urban landscape with good
maintenance.

34. Tokyo

35. What is the relationship between city and health?
CityHealth
?

36. CityHealth
Disaster

37. What is the relationship between city and health?
CityHealth
Disaster
Something
new

38. After the 1923 Great Tokyo Earthquake

39. Activities of DMAT
(Japan Disaster Medical Assistance Team)

40. Future Discussion
in Architecture and Urban Planning Research Field
 Architectural planning of medical relief facilities,
 Sanitary system for temporary evacuation place,
 Post-disaster urban sanitary system in the
emergency search & rescue phase,
 Etc.

41. MUSE (Murao, 2000)

42. MUSE (Murao, 2000)

43. MUSE (Murao, 2000)

44. Thank you for your kind attention!
“City” as a living environment from a
viewpoint of disaster management
murao@irides.tohoku.ac.jp