Barend van der Meulen Rathanat Instituut

1. 1 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen

2. 2 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
The good news: You will get a job
Employment state of doctorate holders
Medical science
Engineering
Social science
Natural science
Humanities
Agriculture
Full time Part time
Unempl
oyed Inactive

3. 3 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
But which job?
why do you get it? and
how do you get it?

4. 4 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Trends in the global market for high educated
Research careers in the Netherlands
Implications for career strategies of PhD students
Overview

5. 5 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Part 1 War for talent

6. 6 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
The job market for higher educated is more and more international - especially at
the top
Higher education has increased and will increase because of the growing middle
class
The growth of higher education

7. 7 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
OECD average:
•32% of population
has higher education
•In cohort 25-34 7%
more higher educated
cohort 25-64

8. 8 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Abundance of talent
Selection continues and training for the selected ones
Within and outside universities
in public and private sector
After the PhD: flexibility required – even if you go for a stable career in one
discipline, company or government;
There are winners, …
And so there are losers too: high education – low income.
International debate about the value of the PhD.
The Global Auction

9. 10 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Part 2 Research careers in the
Netherlands

10. 11 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Postdoc (UMC , interview 2011):
‘… you really need to be determined to go for research, to stay in
research, because there are only few tenure positions. En often
there are postdoc positions just for 2-3 years … and then you are
more or less just busy caring for results that can be written down,
to have output and then be able to submit new grant proposals. I
am glad, I go into the clinic soon and don’t need to worry about
that sort of things. Other people tell the same. They go to industry
because they really loose their motivation when in fact they are
mainly busy with raising funds for themselves, and I think, they
many times do not have time to do the real research, just because
you are always thinking about that stupid money.”
courtesy: Inge van der Weijden

11. 12 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
3800 PhD annual
95% job after 3 months
PhDs do not prepare for a non-academic career and some want to but are afraid to
do so explicitly
Average age PhD 29,5
average age staff position (ass prof) 37
So there is an extra 7,5 year of training and selection
Two kind of postdocs: - research career PDs
- job PDs (often teaching incl.)
Some observations: PhDs and postdocs

12. 13 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Most PhDs are employees and have good facilities
Graduate schools since 1990
Six Excellent Graduate Schools selected in 1999
Career grants since 2000
VENI Early career 3 years 250 k€ n= 125 annual
VIDI Mid career 4 years 800 k€ n= 80 annual
VICI Senior career 4 years 1.5 M€ n= 30 annual
Career grants for women and minorities
Introduction of tenure track positions to allow young researchers to climb to
professorial position
Policies for young researchers

13. 14 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
What is the mobility of researchers at
Dutch universities between the
research positions from PhD to
retirement?
What are your chances to move the
academic stairs upwards
Academic career mobility

14. 15 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
PhD’s
7,945
Other WP
7,790
external
market

15. 16 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Assoc prof
Assistent prof
5,185
external l
market
professor

16. 17 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
More dynamic than people and policies often think
More mobility between universities and between Dutch universities and external
world
Academic career mobility

17. 18 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen

18. 19 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
More dynamic than people and policies often think
More mobility between universities and between Dutch universities and external
world
And…
It is not a piramid, but much more an apartment building.
in age from 35
in position from assistant professor
Main selection from postdoc (<OVWP) to Assist Prof
Academic career mobility

19. 20 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Result of strategies of four main actors:
The individual researchers who combine after their PhD:
Career ambitions and
Individual circumstances (partner, family, ….)
Professors who
Mainly focus on management of research group
University, which
Wants to reduce uncertainty about hiring new staff.
Invest in coaching and training
The Research Council, NWO (ZONMW), which
Awards best researchers (success rate 15%)
Selection and development of scientific talent

20. 21 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Job insecurity of individual researchers has increased
Long phase between PhD and staff position (>7 years)
Implementation of tenure tracks (so insecurity continues)
Training and transparency of requirements has raised the number of talents and
increased competition;
Universities can implement their scientific performance criteria quite easily;
Strong role of research council in determining whose talent is acknowledged by a
grant and whose talent not;
Combination of strategies

21. 22 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Postdoc (UMC , interview 2011): ‘… you really need to be
determined to go for research, to stay in research, because there
are only few tenure positions. En often there are postdoc positions
just for 2-3 years … and then you are more or less just busy caring
for results that can be written down, to have output and then be
able to submit new grant proposals. I am glad, I go into the clinic
soon and don’t need to worry about that sort of things. Other
people tell the same. They go to industry because they really loose
their motivation when in fact they are mainly busy with raising
funds for themselves, and I think, they many times do not have
time to do the real research, just because you are always thinking
about that stupid money.”
courtesy: Inge van der Weijden

22. 23 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Part 3 How to survive after your
PhD

23. 24 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
PhD‟s are not special anymore
There are much more PhD‟s than research positions
Many PhD‟s move into postdoc positions
Postdoc phase is a high stake competition with much more losers than winners
Postdoc phase is not preparing well for non-academic jobs
So what to do: Two questions ; some advice
In conclusion

24. 25 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
1.Did you become PhD student because
1.you wanted a PhD
2.you wanted just a job
3.you wanted to be a student for some more years
If you have crossed „2‟ or „3‟ avoid that you give the same answers when in 2015
you have a “postdoc position”.
How did you get were you know are?

25. 26 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
2. What do you like most about your work
1.Being a PhD student
2.Doing research
3.Being a scientist and explore new ideas, go to conferences, discuss, publish
etc.
4.None at all.
If you have crossed “3”: use all the talent programs and facilities of the universities
as much as you can.
And find a scientific mentor asap (if your professor isn‟t yet)
Scientist or researcher or something else

26. 27 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen
Do not despair. You don‟t have to be a loser.
Most of your peers will not have it and the sooner you realise it, the better you will
enter the job market
Start today to complement your scientific training and explore other skills and
interests (without loosing track of your PhD)
Do not expect your professor to support you in your career;
Instead look around and talk to friends of friends and family of family
about their jobs
about your motivation and competences
Find a coach for your non academic career.
What if you don‟t want a scientific career?

27. 28 | PhD students: Winners or Losers at the Academic Job market | Barend van der Meulen