1. NEWS FROM THE FIELD
Gerry McKiernan, Editor
PROGRAMS
Forum
“Converging, Emerging Standards for Digital Preservation”
June 16, 2002
American Library Association Annual Conference
Atlanta, Georgia
http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/
During the annual meeting of the American Library Association held
in mid-June 2002, the Research Libraries Group (RLG) sponsored an
Open Forum that brought together representatives from RLG member
institutions and Michigan State University to discuss current digital
preservation initiatives.
The forum was introduced by Robin Dale, Program Officer with
RLG, and included the following topics and presentations:
• The Joint Work of the OCLC-RLG Preservation Metadata Working
Group (Rebecca Guenther, Senior Networking and Standards Spe-
cialist, Network Development and MARC Standards Office, Library
of Congress) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/guenther.html>
Gerry McKiernan, MLS, is Science and Technology Librarian and Bibliographer, 152
Parks Library, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011 (E-mail: gerrymck@gwgate.
lib.iastate.edu) (http://www.public.iastate.edu/~CYBERSTACKS/).
Journal of Internet Cataloging, Vol. 6(2) 2003
http://www.haworthpress.com/store/product.asp?sku=J141
 2003 by The Haworth Press, Inc. All rights reserved.
10.1300/J141v06n02_07 91

2. • Technical Metadata for Digital Still Images (Janet Gertz, Director for
Preservation, Columbia University) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/
forum02/gertz.html>
• New Work in Audiovisual Metadata (Michael Seadle, Head, Digital
& Multimedia Center, Michigan State University) <http://www.rlg.
org/longterm/forum02/seadle.html>
• Uses of the Metadata Encoding & Transmission Standard (METS)
(Merrilee Proffitt, Program Officer, RLG) <http://www.rlg.org/
longterm/forum02/proffitt.html>
• Harvard University’s Submission Information Package for electronic
journals (Stephen Abrams, Digital Library Program Manager, Har-
vard University Library) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/forum02/
abrams.html>
• The Library of Congress’s Archival Information Package for Audio-
visual Materials (Morgan Cundiff, Senior Network and MARC Stan-
dards Specialist, Library of Congress) <http://www.rlg.org/longterm/
forum02/cundiff.html>.
Institutes
“ALCTS AACR2 2002 Revision and Metadata Regional Institutes”
November 2002
Chicago, Illinois; Arlington, Virginia
http://www.ala.org/alcts/now/metadata.html
Beginning in early November 2002, the Association for Library
Collections & Technical Services (ALCTS) sponsored several regional
institutes devoted to revised and expanded chapters of the Anglo-Amer-
ican Cataloguing Rules, 2nd Edition, 2002 Revised Edition, MARC 21,
and the applications of these rules and formats. The institute also ex-
plored “new approaches to cataloging resources, especially the
practicalities of dealing with metadata for Web resources with a vision
for the future.”
The institute topics and in-depth presentations included:
• Developing the Metadata Repository (Grace Agnew, Associate
University Librarian for Digital Library Systems, Rutgers Univer-
sity Libraries)
• Metadata Schemas and Controlled Vocabularies for Art, Architec-
ture, and Material Culture (Dr. Murtha Baca, Head, Standards Pro-
gram, Getty Research Institute and Dr. Patricia Harpring, Managing
Editor, Getty Vocabulary Program Getty Research Institute)
92 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

3. • More Than Books: Access to Locally-Held Materials in Alterna-
tive Media (Dr. Sheila S. Intner, Professor Emeritus, Graduate
School of Library & Information Science Simmons College)
• Chapter 3 Twenty Years Later: Changes in Cataloging Cartographic
Materials (Mary Lynette Larsgaard, Assistant Head, Map and Imag-
ery Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara Libraries)
• There Ought to Be a Law: AACR2 2002 Amendments, Integrating
Resources and Updating Loose-Leafs (Rhonda K. Lawrence,
Head of Cataloging, UCLA School of Law)
• Electronic Integrating Resources: AACR 2002 for Updating Web
Sites and Databases (Steven Jack Miller, Head, Monographs De-
partment, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Libraries)
• Amendments 2001: Changes to Chapter 9 (Nancy B. Olson, Pro-
fessor, Minnesota State University, Mankato)
• The New Chapter 12 for AACR 2002 (Steve Shadle, Serials Cata-
loging Librarian, University of Washington Libraries)
• AACR and Metadata: Library Opportunities in the Global Seman-
tic Web–LC, IFLA, Dublin Core, Virtual International Authority
Files, and More (Dr. Barbara B. Tillett, Chief, Cataloging Policy
and Support Office, Library of Congress).
The November 2002 institutes were held at the held at the Hyatt Re-
gency O’Hare at O’Hare International Airport, Rosemont, Illinois (No-
vember 1-2, 2002) and at the Doubletree Hotel Crystal City, Arlington,
Virginia (November 4-5, 2002). In addition, the institutes were sched-
uled to be held in Orlando, Florida (February 21-22, 2003), and in San
Jose, California (April 4-5, 2003).
Sally C. Tseng, Head, Serials Cataloging, Science Library, Univer-
sity of California, Irvine, is the Program Chair for ALCTS AACR2
2002 and Metadata Regional Institutes.
Training
“Rare Book School”
University of Virginia
Winter/Spring 2002/03
Charlottesville, Virginia
http://www.rarebookschool.org
The Rare Book School (RBS), based at the University of Virginia, re-
cently announced its Winter and Spring 2003 sessions of five-day,
non-credit courses on topics concerning rare books, manuscripts, the
News from the Field 93

4. history of books and printing, and special collections (http://www.
virginia.edu/oldbooks/rbs/schedule.html). Of particular note are the
following two offerings:
• Implementing Encoded Archival Description (January 6-10, 2003)
Description: Encoded Archival Description (EAD) provides stan-
dardized machine-readable access to primary resource materials.
This course was aimed at archivists, librarians, and museum per-
sonnel who would like an introduction to EAD that includes an ex-
tensive supervised hands-on component. Students learned SGML
encoding techniques in part using examples selected from among
their own institutions’ finding aids. Topics: the context out of
which EAD emerged; introduction to the use of SGML authoring
tools and browsers; the conversion of existing finding aids to
EAD. Instructor: Daniel Pitti. Pitti is currently the Project Director
of the Institute for Advanced Technology, University of Virginia.
Prior to assuming his current position in1997, he served as the Li-
brarian for Advanced Technologies at the University of Califor-
nia, Berkeley, where he served as the Coordinator of the Encoded
Archival Description Initiative.
• Electronic Texts & Images (March 3-7, 2003)
Description: A practical exploration of the research, preservation,
editing, and pedagogical uses of electronic texts and images in the
humanities. The course centered around the creation of a set of ar-
chival-quality etexts and digital images, and included creation of
an Encoded Archival Description guide. Topics included: SGML
tagging and conversion; using the Text Encoding Initiative Guide-
lines; the form and implications of XML; publishing on the World
Wide Web; and the management and use of online texts. Some ex-
perience with HTML was a prerequisite for admission to the
course. Instructor: David Seaman. Seaman is the founding direc-
tor of the internationally renowned Electronic Text Center and on-
line archive at the University of Virginia. He lectures and writes
frequently on SGML, the Internet, and the creation and use of elec-
tronic texts in the humanities.
An application form, electronic copies of the complete RBS brochure,
Rare Book School detailed course descriptions, and other information
about the Rare Book School, are available from the RBS Web site.
94 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

5. Workshop
“Open Archives Forum Workshop: Open Access
to Hidden Resources”
December 6-7, 2002
Biblioteca Nacional
Lisbon, Portugal
http://www.oaforum.org/workshops/
This second Open Archives Forum Workshop aimed to evaluate
whether and how the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata
Harvesting (OAI-PMH) (www.openarchives.org) can facilitate access
and management of traditional archive and library collections. The
workshop included a review of the requirements, standards, best prac-
tices, and solutions of the traditional archival and library communities
to interoperability, compared with the features provided by the
OAI-PMH. The OAI-PMH was originally developed to provide
interoperability among e-print repositories.
The workshop included presentations by noted authorities and small-
group breakout sessions where participants discussed relevant key issues,
such as:
• How far is OAI-PMH applicable to the electronic records of tradi-
tional archives, whether historical or ‘born digital’ assets;
• To what extent have OAI-PMH and Dublin Core been imple-
mented and adopted within the library community;
• Can OAI-PMH enable innovative ways of cross-domain collabo-
ration between the archival and library communities; and
• To what extent can OAI-PMH cross over with other interoperability
standards and concepts, such as Z39.50?
A tutorial on the implementation of OAI-PMH was held prior to the
formal workshop for those not familiar with the protocol. In addition, a
representative associated with the Open Archives Initiative (OAI)
provided an update on OAI activities.
Workshop discussions and recommendations were summarized and
published on the Open Archives Forum Web site (www.oaforum.org).
The Open Archives Forum supports projects and national initiatives with
an interest in using an open archive approach to interoperability and pro-
vides a focus for European initiatives implementing the recently released
Open Archives Initiative (OAI) Metadata Harvesting Protocol (OAI-
PMH) (www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchivesprotocol.html).
News from the Field 95

6. North American Serials Interest Group Annual Meeting:
Transforming Serials: The Revolution Continues
June 20-23, 2002
College of William and Mary
Williamsburg, Virginia
http://www.nasig.org/wm/
In mid-June 2002, the North American Serials Interest Group
(NASIG) held its seventeenth annual meeting at the College of William
and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. As in previous years, the meeting
included plenary, concurrent, poster sessions, and workshops. Among
the variety of presentations, the conference included:
• Plenary Sessions
• The Future of Information Access and Distribution (Howard
Strauss, Manager of Advanced Applications, Princeton Uni-
versity)
• The Future of Digitized Materials: Where We’ve Been and
Where We Are Going (David Seaman, Director, Electronic
Text Center)
• Concurrent Sessions
• Challenging Current Publishing Models (David Goodman, Bi-
ology Librarian and Digital Resources Researcher, Princeton
University, and Jan Velterop, BioMed Central)
• Open URL, and SFX Open Linking (Nettie Lagace, Internet
Librarian, Ex Libris (USA), Inc.)
• Seize the E! The Eclectic Journal and Its Ramifications (Gerry
McKiernan, Science and Technology Librarian and Bibliogra-
pher, Iowa State University)
• Cataloging: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly (Regina
Reynolds, Head, National Serials Data Program, Library of
Congress)
• The Information Resource Matrix: A Revolutionary Method
to Present Relationships Among Online Serial Objects (Carol
Casey, Head, Cataloging Dept., Washington State University,
and Mark Jacobs, Electronic Resources/Serials Cataloging Li-
brarian, Washington State University)
96 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

7. • Workshops
• Revolutionary Relationships: Catalogers’ Liaison Role as
Metadata Experts in the Creation of the K-State Digital Li-
brary (Char Simser, Interim Chair, Technical Services, Kansas
State University)
• Transforming AACR2: Using the Revised Rules in Chapters 9
and 12 (Jean Hirons, CONSER Coordinator, Serial Record Di-
vision, Library of Congress, and Leslie Hawkins, CONSER
Specialist, Serial Record Division, Library of Congress)
• A is for Acronyms: Library and Internet Standards for Serial-
ists (Shelley Neville, Library Systems Analyst, epixtech, inc.,
and Howard Rosenbaum, Assistant Professor of Library and
Information Science, Indiana University
• Poster Sessions
• Implementing a Reference Linking Solution (Kevin Petsche,
Electronic Journals Collection Manager, Digital Libraries/
Cataloging Teams, Indiana University Purdue University, Indi-
anapolis)
• Journal Finder: Simplifying Access to E-Journals, Print and
Document Delivery Options (Beth Bernhardt, Electronic Jour-
nals/Document Delivery Librarian, University of North
Carolina at Greensboro)
• Plug-Ins and E-Journals: How Browser Extensions Transform
Electronic Journal Content and Access (Diana Kichuk, Elec-
tronic Resources Librarian, University of Saskatchewan)
• S-Link S-Holdings: An XML Format for Distribution of Seri-
als Holdings Information (Eric Hellman, President, Openly In-
formatics, Inc).
PROJECTS
Diffuse Project
http://www.diffuse.org/
The objective of the Diffuse Project is to serve as a single,
value-added current source of reference and guidance information on
available and emerging standards and specifications that facilitate the
electronic exchange of information. The Diffuse Project was estab-
lished as a central information source for developments relating to stan-
News from the Field 97

8. dards and specifications in support of key action initiatives of the
Information Society Technologies (IST) programme of the European
Commission (www.cordis.lu/ist/).
The Diffuse services are organized into the following categories of
publications and activities:
• Business Guides
• Standards and Specifications Reference Data
• Standards and Specifications List
• Standards Fora List
• RTD Project List
• Standards and Specifications News
• Electronic Commerce
• Information Management
• RTD Projects
• Conferences
• User Support
• Alphabetical Index to Standards and Specifications
• Search Engine
• Help Desk
• Dissemination Events.
The Business Guides (www.diffuse.org/guides.html) provide an
overview of the underlying concepts and current development status for
individual key technology areas from a business perspective, while the
Standards and Specifications List (www.diffuse.org/standards.html)
through its Table of Contents offers access to categories of standards
and specifications (e.g., ‘Sectorial Data Interchange,’ ‘Information
Management,’ ‘Data Representation’). An alphabetical index is also
available (www.diffuse.org/alpha.html) as is a Search Engine (www.
diffuse.org/search.html).
For select complex subjects, access is also provided using Topic
Maps (www.diffuse.org/TopicMaps/TopicMap.xml). Topic Maps are
“SGML or XML documents that describe what an information set is
about, by formally declaring topics, and by linking the relevant parts of
the information set to the appropriate topics” (www.infoloom.com/tmfaq.
htm#faq01). Diffuse Topic Maps have been prepared for the following
standards:
• CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture
• DC: Dublin Core
• EDIFACT: Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Com-
merce and Transport
98 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

9. • HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol
• ISO 10646: Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS)
• Java
• RDF: Resource Description Framework
• SGML: Standard Generalized Markup Language
• STEP: Product Data and Representation (ISO 10303)
• XML: Extensible Markup Language
A Standards Fora List (www.diffuse.org/fora.html), a directory of
organizations responsible for producing standards and specifications,
including formal standardization bodies, industry consortia, and other
bodies involved in the standardization process, is also provided, as is an
RTD Projects list (www.diffuse.org/projects.html), a listing of projects
supported by the Fifth Framework Programme for Research and Tech-
nological Development and Demonstration (RTD) projects of the Euro-
pean Union (http://www.cordis.lu/fp5/src/over.htm).
DLIST is the Digital Library of Information Science and Technology
http://dlist.sir.arizona.edu/
DLIST is an electronic archive for published, refereed, and unpub-
lished materials in the areas of Information Science and Information
Technology. The objectives of DLIST are:
• to serve as a repository of electronic resources in the domains of
Library and Information Science (LIS) and Information Technol-
ogy (IT);
• to serve as a repository of both formal papers in the areas of Infor-
mation Literacy and other areas, as well a centralized source for
user aids, such as guides, bibliographies, pathfinders, tutorials,
and other instructional materials in LIS & IT; and
• to serve as a repository of formal research papers on ‘Informetrics’
and bibliometric datasets.
DLIST is a service of the School of Information Resources and Li-
brary Science, University of Arizona, and the Arizona Health Sciences
Library. The DLIST repository is operated using the EPrints2 software
available from eprints.org (www.eprints.org/). Information Science and
Information Technology researchers are invited to deposit electronic
News from the Field 99

10. versions of their pre- or post-papers or publications in DLIST. For addi-
tional information, interested parties may contact the DLIST Project
Manager, Paul Bracke, Systems Librarian with the University of Ari-
zona Library (paul@ahsl.arizona.edu).
Focus on Access to Institutional Resources Programme (FAIR)
Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC)
United Kingdom
http://www.jisc.ac.uk/dner/development/programmes/fair.html
In late summer 2002, the Joint Information Systems Committee
(JISC) (www.jisc.ac.uk) awarded funding to 14 projects under its Focus
on Access to Institutional Resources Programme (FAIR). JISC is the
strategic advisory committee that works on behalf of funding bodies for
further and higher education in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern
Ireland, and promotes the innovative application and use of information
systems and information technology. Projects included partnerships
among more than 50 institutions and teams, involving universities, li-
braries, JISC services, art galleries, colleges, museums and commercial
companies.
Focus on Access to Institutional Resources Programme (FAIR) was
inspired by the Open Archives Initiative (OAI) (www.openarchives.org),
which seeks to facilitate the sharing of digital resources based on mecha-
nisms that allow metadata about those resources to be harvested. To focus
the impact of related fields, JISC has grouped the projects into five clus-
ters: Museums and Images, E-Prints, E-Theses, Intellectual Property
Rights and Institutional Portals. In 2002, the following programs were
funded in these respective clusters:
• FAIR Museums and Images Cluster
Petrie Museum, University College London–Accessing the
Virtual Museum
Fitzwilliam Museum, University of Cambridge–Harvesting
the Fitzwilliam
Archaeology Data Service, University of York
AHDS Executive, King’s College London–Partial Deposit
Theatre Museum, V&A
Courtald Institute of Art, University of London
100 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

11. Visual Arts Data Service, University of Surrey
Performing Arts Data Service, University of Glasgow
ILRT, University of Bristol–BioBank
University of Cambridge
• FAIR E-Prints Cluster
University of Nottingham/CURL–SHERPA
University of Edinburgh
University of Glasgow
Universities of Leeds, Sheffield and York (‘White Rose’
partnership)
University of Oxford
British Library
RDN, King’s College London–e-prints UK
University of Southampton
UKOLN, University of Bath
UMIST
University of Bath
University of Strathclyde
University of Leeds
ILRT, University of Bristol
Heriot Watt University
University of Birmingham
Manchester Metropolitan University
OCLC
University of Strathclyde–Harvesting Institutional Resources
in Scotland Testbed
University of St. Andrews
Napier University
Glasgow Colleges Group
University of Southampton–Targeting Academic Research
for Deposit and dISclosure
• FAIR E-Theses Cluster
Robert Gordon University–Electronic Theses
University of Aberdeen
Cranfield University
University of London
British Library
University of Edinburgh–Theses Alive!
University of Glasgow–DAEDALUS
News from the Field 101

12. • FAIR Intellectual Property Rights Center
Loughborough University–Machine-readable rights metadata
Birkbeck College, University of London
University of Greenwich
University of Southampton
AHDS Executive, King’s College London–Partial Deposit
• FAIR Institutional Portals Cluster
University of Hull–Presenting National Resources To Audiences
Locally
RDN, King’s College London
UKOLN, University of Bath
Norton Radstock College, Bristol–FAIR Enough
City of Bath College
City of Bristol College
Filton College, Bristol
Weston College, Weston-super-Mare
Western College Consortium, Bristol
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (ETDs)
OCLC Office of Research
Dublin, Ohio
http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/etd/index.shtm
The Electronic Theses & Dissertations (ETDs) project focuses on thesis
metadata via the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Har-
vesting (OAI-PMH) (http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/openarchives
protocol.html).
The goals of ETDs project are to:
• investigate OAI-PMH by participating in beta-tests
• promote the use of theses and dissertations
• investigate services that can be built with OAI-PMH
• understand OAI-PMH from serving and harvesting perspectives.
To date, the project team, Thom Hickey and Jeff Young, have written
a harvester and server in Java and created a database of 4.3 million the-
102 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

13. sis and dissertation records derived from the WorldCat database. Future
plans call for the development of a searchable, public version of the da-
tabase via Search and Retrieve on the Web (SRW) (www.oclc.org/
research/projects/webservices/index.shtm); making sets harvestable via
OAI-PMH; implementing an OAI-PMH v2.0 server; merging OCLC
ETDs with other theses and dissertation databases; and harvesting rec-
ords from other OAI-compliant servers.
Humbul Humanities Hub: RSS Channels
http://www.humbul.ac.uk/help/rss.html
Humbul is a Web-based service dedicated to “discovering, evaluat-
ing and cataloguing online resources in the humanities.” In addition to
coverage of various national studies (e.g., American Studies, English
Studies, German Studies), Humbul provides access to an evaluated col-
lection of Web-based resources in traditional humanities fields (e.g.,
Archaeology, History, Philosophy).
Recently, the Humbul Humanities Hub announced the launch of
Humbul RSS (‘Rich Site Summary’) channels, a technology that en-
ables users to automatically incorporate newly added Humbul resource
descriptions within designated Web pages. The Humbul channels em-
ploy RSS-xpress Lite (rssxpress.ukoln.ac.uk/lite/), an RSS channel pre-
sentation and searching tool developed at UKOLN, the UK Office for
Library and Information Networking based at the University of Bath.
Currently, users can receive a maximum of fifteen record descriptions
daily on the subject of their choice, or the most recently added resources
in any subject. In addition to numerous area studies, the following chan-
nels are currently available (www.humbul.ac.uk/help/rss.html):
• Archaeology
• Classics
• Comparative Literature
• History
• History and Philosophy of Science
• Humanities Computing
• Humanities–General
• Linguistics
• Manuscript Studies
• Modern Languages
News from the Field 103

14. • Museums, Libraries, Archives
• Philosophy
The Humbul Humanities Hub is a service of the Resource Discovery
Network and is funded by the Joint Information Systems Committee
(JISC) and the Arts and Humanities Research Board, and is hosted by
the University of Oxford. Humbul is part of the Resource Discovery
Network (www.rdn.ac.uk).
PUBLICATIONS
Bibliography
“Medlane Bibliography”
Medlane XMLMARC
Lane Medical Library, Stanford University
http://laneweb.stanford.edu:2380/wiki/medlane/bibliography
Medlane is an experimental project of the Lane Medical Library at
Stanford University that seeks to investigate new methods for making
library information available to the public. One of its major foci is the
‘recasting’ of library information into a more universally accepted for-
mat, notably XML, the eXtensible Markup Language. XML has been
referred to as the lingua franca of the World Wide Web and was selected
for the project because of its open nature and platform independence.
An outstanding bibliography of key print and electronic publications
has been compiled to support Medlane initiatives and to serve as a re-
source for others seeking relevant literature. Currently, resources are
organized in the following categories: ‘General XML,’ ‘XML Stan-
dards,’ ‘XML and Cataloging,’ ‘XML Storage and Retrieval,’ ‘XML
Software,’ and ‘Digital Librarianship.’ Representative sources within
selected sections of this webliography include:
• General XML
• Bray, Tim. The Annotated XML Specification. Online:
http://www.xml.com/axml/testaxml.htm.
• Cover, Robin. The XML Cover Pages. Online: http://www.oasis-
open.org/cover/sgml-xml.html.
• Desmarais, Norman. The ABCs of XML: The Librarian’s
Guide to the eXtenstible Markup Language, 2000.
104 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

15. • Rhyno, Art. Is XML in Your Future? The Serials Librarian
2002; 42(1/2):143-53.
• Tennant, Roy. XML: The Digital Library Hammer. Library
Journal Online: http://libraryjournal.reviewsnews.com/index.
asp?layout=articleArchive&articleId=CA156526.
• XML Standards
• DuCharme, Robert. Replace DTDs? Why? XML Journal
2000; 1(1): 40-41.
• Mikula, Norbert. Schemas Take DTDs to the Next Level. XML
Magazine 1999/2000 winter; 1(1). Online: http://www.fawcette.
com/archives/listissue.asp?pubID=2&MagIssueId=259#.
• Moller, Anders and Schwartzbach, Michael. The XML Revolu-
tion: Technologies for the Future Web. http://www.brics.dk/
~amoeller/XML/.
• Simeonov, Simeon. The Evolution of XML Protocols:
Charting Recent Advances in the XML Standards Space. XML
Journal 2000; 1(3): 24-7.
• Web Developer’s Virtual Library. Introduction to XHTML,
with eXamples. http://wdvl.com/Authoring/Languages/XML/
XHTML/.
• XML and Cataloging
• Ayres, F. H. Time for Change: A New Approach to Cata-
loguing Concepts. Cataloging & Classification Quarterly
1999; 28(2): 3-16.
• Carvalho, Joaquim de. XML and Bibliographic Data: The TVS
(Transport, Validation and Services) Model. 2002. http://www.
ifla.org/IV/ifla68/papers/075-095e.pdf.
• Crossnet Systems. Using XSLT for XML MARC Record Con-
version. http://www.crxnet.com/one2/xslt_marc_report.pdf.
• Herwijnen, Eric van. The Impact of XML on Library Proce-
dures and Services. High Energy Physics Libraries Webzine
2000 March. http://lhcb.cern.ch/%7Eevh/xmlandlibrary.htm.
• Johnson, Bruce Chr. XML and MARC: Which is “Right”?
Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 2001; 32:(1): 81-90.
http://elane.stanford.edu/docs/johnson.pdf.
• Miller, Dick. XML: Libraries’ Strategic Opportunity Library
Journal. NetConnect supplement. 2000 summer; 125(suppl):
16-9. Online: http://elane.stanford.edu/laneauth/LJ/.
News from the Field 105

16. • XML Storage and Retrieval
• Goldman, Roy. Lore: A Database Management System for
XML. Dr. Dobb’s Journal 2000 April. http://www.ddj.com/
articles/2000/0004/0004i/0004i.htm?amp;topic=xml.
• Li, Ying, Miller, Dick, and Buttner, Mary. Bibliographic Data
Mining: Automatically Building Component Part Records for
E-Journal Articles on the Internet. Journal of Internet Cata-
loging: The International Quarterly of Digital Organization,
Classification & Access 2002; 5(1): 29-41.
• Mable, Greg. The Next Generation Database, XDB: Combining
XML’s Document Flexibility with SQL’s Data Integrity. XML
Journal 2002; 3(6). Online at: http://www.sys-con.com/xml/article.
cfm?id=421.
• Rappoport, Avi. XML and Search. http://www.searchtools.com/
related/xml.html.
• Sagar, Agit. XML, RDBMS, and OODBMS: Peaceful Coexis-
tence? XML Journal 2000; 1(2):52-53.
• XML Software
• Berners-Lee, Tim. The Semantic Web. Scientific American 2001
May; 284(5):34-43. Online at: http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?
articleID=00048144-10D2-1C7084A9809EC588EF21&cat ID=2.
• Bretthauer, David. Open Source Software in Libraries. Li-
brary High Tech News 2001 June 18(6): 8-9.
• Clarke, Kevin S. Managing MARC with Open Source Soft-
ware. LITA Guide 2002; 9(3): 30-44.
• Coyle, Karen. Open Source, Open Standards. Information
Technology and Libraries 2002 March; 21(1): 33-6.
• Morgan, Eric Lease. Open Source Software in Libraries. LITA
Guide 2002; 9(1): 7-18.
Journal Issues
New Review of Information Networking
Volume 7, 2001
http://www.taylorgraham.com/journals/nrinvol7.html
The intent of The New Review of Information Networking is to serve
as an “expert source on the needs and behaviour of the network user; the
role of networks in teaching, learning, research and scholarly communi-
106 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

17. cation; the implications of networks for library and information ser-
vices; the development of campus and other information strategies; the
role of information publishers on the networks; policies for funding and
charging for network and information services; and standards and pro-
tocols for network applications.” In addition to an editorial by guest edi-
tor Ray Lester, Head of Library & Information Services, Natural
History Museum (London), a recent volume of The New Review of In-
formation Networking included several articles relating to the theory,
application, and implications of interoperability, notably:
• Interoperability and information discovery (Eliot Christian)
• Creating an academic self-documentation system through digital
library interoperability: the RePEc model (Emily Walshe)
• Open linking in the scholarly information environment using the
OpenURL framework (Herbert Van de Sompel and Oren Beit-Arie)
• The CHIN experience: interoperability (K. Geber and Suhas
Deshpande)
• The interoperability jigsaw: finding the edge-pieces for The Natu-
ral History Museum (Neil Thomson and Rachel Perkins)
• Rethinking EAD: balancing flexibility and interoperability (Eliza-
beth J. Shaw)
• Better interoperability through the Open Archives Initiative (Mi-
chael L. Nelson)
• Interoperability in subject terminologies: The HILT Project (Den-
nis Nicholson and Susannah Neill)
• Syntactic and semantic interoperability: new approaches to
knowledge and the semantic web (Kim H. Veltman).
OCLC Systems & Services
Volume 18(2), 2002
In addition to its coverage of OCLC system applications, services,
and research, OCLC Systems & Services, a quarterly journal published
by MCB University Press, “is intended for information professionals,
educators, students, and researchers around the world to share and ex-
change their ideas, applications, and research results concerning infor-
mation education, management, technology, and dissemination.” The
journal also provides coverage of developments relating to metadata
standards such as Dublin Core (DC), the Text Encoding Initiative
News from the Field 107

18. (TEI), Encoded Archival Description (EAD), and the eXtensible
Markup Language (XML), the theme of one of its recent issues.
In addition to an editorial by the journal editor, Sheau-Hwang Chang
(“XML–the foundation for the next generation library management sys-
tem,” OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 64-66), a recent is-
sue contains contributions on a variety of XML library-related issues,
notably:
• Cole, Timothy. (2002) “Qualified Dublin Core Metadata for On-
line Journal Articles,” OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 18, No. 2,
pp. 79-87.
This paper describes an implementation utilizing preliminary
Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI) guidelines for express-
ing Qualified Dublin Core (DCQ) metadata in RDF/XML. Pri-
mary source objects used in this research were online versions of
articles published in more than 50 academic journals in physics
and engineering. Articles were encoded in well-formed XML.
While able to follow DCMI guidelines generally, it was necessary
to augment DCQ semantics with local extensions in order to retain
desired richness of semantics and structure. Also described is re-
lated work, including development of XML schema documents
necessary to validate metadata and creation of a transforming XSL
stylesheet to “dumb-down” metadata to simple Dublin Core. As a
case study, this research illustrates issues encountered when ex-
pressing real-world DCQ metadata in RDF/XML. Significant ini-
tial investment of effort was required to develop RDF facilities
and expertise. Pending more applications that exploit RDF, this in-
vestment may not be warranted in all domains.
• Lam, Ki-Tat. (2002) “XML and Global Name Access Control,”
OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 88-95.
This paper discusses why the MARC21-based authority format
has failed in a global setting and details the use of XML and its re-
lated technologies to achieve global name access control.
• Rhyno, Art. “XML and Relational Databases: Uses and Opportunities
forLibraries,”OCLCSystems&Services,Vol.18,No.2,pp.97-103.
Relational Database Management Systems (RDBMS) have a
proven track record for storing and managing many different
forms of digital content, and new strategies have been defined to
108 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING

19. provide RDBMS-based solutions for XML. Some relational data-
bases now offer special mechanisms to accommodate XML while
several technologies have emerged to facilitate the use of XML
representations of data housed within an RDBMS. In addition to
presenting challenges and opportunities to RDBMS developers,
XML and XML-enabled technologies may find new application
for libraries by combining RDBMS concepts with Web-based
services.
Website
Digital Preservation Coalition
http://www.dpconline.org/
The Digital Preservation Coalition was established in 2001 “to foster
joint action to address the urgent challenges of securing the preserva-
tion of digital resources in the UK and to work with others internation-
ally to secure our global digital memory and knowledge base.”
The principles of the Coalition include the following tenets:
• Openness (The Coalition and its members commit to promoting
and disseminating information and sharing outcomes);
• Collaboration (As digital preservation has become increasingly sig-
nificant in scope, complexity, and investment, collaboration is essen-
tial. The Coalition offers a forum for members to identify relevant
issues and to pursue collaboration across organizations and sectors);
• Collective benefit (Core Coalition activities supported by member-
ship resources must be of common interest and benefit to them);
• Vendor neutrality (The goals of the Coalition are generic and will be
vendor neutral. The Coalition will support the development of stan-
dards and generic approaches to digital preservation that can be im-
plemented by a range of hardware, software, and service vendors).
An annual work plan has been developed by the Coalition in consul-
tation with its membership and includes the following priorities:
• establishment of the Coalition and development of the Coalition’s
program and plans to address its long-term goals;
• constructing and disseminating information on current research
and practice and building expertise amongst its members to accel-
News from the Field 109

20. erate their learning and widen the pool of professionals skilled in
digital preservation;
• instituting a concerted and coordinated effort to place digital pres-
ervation issue on the agenda of key stakeholders;
• acting in concert to make arguments for appropriate and adequate
funding to secure the nation’s investment in digital resources and
ensure an enduring global digital memory;
• providing a focus for the co-ordination and development of digital
preservation strategies in the UK and placing them within an inter-
national context;
• promoting the development of appropriate services, technology,
standards, and training for digital preservation;
• forging strategic alliances with relevant agencies nationally and
internationally, and working collaboratively together and with in-
dustry and research organizations, to address shared challenges in
digital preservation; and
• attracting funding to the Coalition to support achievement of its
goals and programs.
Among its notable resources, the Website provides access to the full-text
of Preservation Management of Digital Materials: A Handbook by Neil
Beagrie and Maggie Jones (www.dpconline.org/graphics/handbook/),
as well as a directory of Coalition events (www.dpconline.org/graphics/
events/), and a news summary of “selected recent activity in the field of
digital preservation compiled from the digital-preservation and padiforum-
l mailing lists and the Preserving Access to Digital Information (PADI)
Gateway” (www.dpconline.org/graphics/whatsnew/).
110 JOURNAL OF INTERNET CATALOGING