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Cleaner Production <ul><li>Meron Petro Zajac, Pharmacist, MSc </li></ul><ul><li>Environmental Company of São Paulo State </li></ul><ul><li>Technology, Quality and Environmental Impacts Evaluation Directory </li></ul><ul><li>Assistant </li></ul>- 2009 -

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Traditional way - corrective control (end of pipe) Natural Resource Products waste Ambiance

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<ul><li>Corrective control technology: </li></ul><ul><li>There was great environmental improvement (Ex: At the 80´s: Cubatão, the “Death Valley”); </li></ul><ul><li>CETESB and industries have been focused on; </li></ul><ul><li>It’ll be always necessary. </li></ul><ul><li>Emissions 1983(t/year) 2004(t/year) </li></ul><ul><li>MP 363,372 3,829 </li></ul><ul><li>Fluoride 5,677 215 </li></ul><ul><li>NH 3 3,489 15 </li></ul><ul><li>Organic load 17,147 1,289 </li></ul>

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<ul><li>However , corrective controls model: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>1. needs high cost (industries); </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>2. can produce some conflicts with environmental agency/ image impairment; </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>3. pollutant transfer: always needs final disposal; </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>4. is not enough to be in conformity with laws (many cases); </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>5. do not consider natural resources shortage; </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>6. production is more important than productivity. </li></ul></ul>

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<ul><ul><li>Cleaner Production </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>In CETESB since 1992 (USEPA cooperation); </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Focused on partnerships (sector approach); </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Action on environmental problems sources; </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Diverse actions </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>( guidelines and reports; pilot projects; successful cases; etc) </li></ul></ul></ul>“ Pollution is often a form of economic waste” Michael Porter e Claas van der Linde

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<ul><li>At the 90’s : new management industrial concepts </li></ul><ul><li>(total quality management) </li></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Productive process revision; </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Targeting efficiency production; </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Waste generation means the process converts raw material into products inefficiently </li></ul></ul></ul>Cleaner Production concepts begins

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Cleaner Production; What does it mean ? <ul><li>Use reduction on raw material, water, energy, etc.; </li></ul><ul><li>Selection of raw material (low toxicity); </li></ul><ul><li>Minimize waste in the production process; </li></ul>Process to get it more efficient . Produce more applying less , Productivity increase ($$$) X environmental impacts reduction

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<ul><li>Material which passed into the process and has consumed: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Inputs (water, energy, etc); </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Raw material; </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Equipments use; </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Workforce; </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Management costs increased by waste; </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>BUT do not turn on products, i.e.: </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>DO NOT BRING ADDITIONAL VALUE TO THE PRODUCT </li></ul></ul>What are pollutants?

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Personnel training Energy and water consumption Water treatment and destination Product life cycle Real cost of waste it seems to be an Iceberg. Market Product quality Law conformity Toxic raw material use Preventive maintenance Lost data Toxic waste

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Source : Successful cases in CP www.cetesb.sp.gov.br/Ambiente/producao_limpa/casos.asp Examples:

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CP Implementation Fonte: SENAI/CPC

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W – Water sw –waste e – energy ww – wastewater em - emission sw * * * * * * * * Equipment’s surface dry cleaning * Equipment’s surface cleaning by pressurized water * Cleaning products recovery * * * * Good production practice * em * * e * Brine recovery * * Dry removal of salt excess * Reuse of serum and buttermilk Thermal energy recovering Pasteurization continuous process * * Lost reduction * * Storage material control * Raw material receiving control ww w Environmental impacts DAIRY

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Raw material to other productive process; Waste reduction Grease recovery Waste reduction and wastewater pollutant charge reduction Meat shavings recovery Energy consumption reduction Heatedness recovery from hot water Energy consumption reduction Refrigerators maintenance MEAT PRODUCTION

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Row material reduction; wastewater pollutant reduction; water use reduction Waste recovery/reuse; wastewater reuse/recovery Losses row material reduction Management storage (ex: FIFO) etc.) Efficiency processes Management systems (quality, just in time, GPP) Energy reduction; air pollution reduction; global worming gases reduction Renewable energy / environmental friendly energy use Waste reduction and wastewater pollutant charge reduction Dry cleaning Energy consumption reduction Use of natural lighting Wastewater reduction; water consumption reduction Water reuses/recycling CP GENERAL ACTIONS

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<ul><li>CP industrial guides : Graphic, jewelry, tannery, Cosmetics and hygiene; paper and mill; slaughter; pottery; industrialized meat; etc. </li></ul>CETESB’s CP documents available for downloading www.cetesb.sp.gov.br/Ambiente/producao_limpa/documentos.asp

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Meron Petro Zajac [email_address] www.cetesb.sp.gov.br/Ambiente/producao_limpa/apresentacao.asp Thanks