Asignatura: Historia de los países de habla inglesa / History of english-speaking countries.
Título: New Zealand Gender Equality
Objetivo 5: Igualdad de género / Goal 5: Gender Equality
By: Claudia Manrique Gallar
2. INDEX
1. New Zealand
2. Gender Equality
2.1 Facts
2.2 Targets
3. Improvement and evolution
in New Zealand
4. Their goals towards the
future. What should change
5. Conclusion
3. 1. NEW ZEALAND
New Zealand is an island country in
the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It
consists of two main landmasses
the North Island and the South Island
and around 600 smaller islands.
Nowadays, most of New Zealand's
population of 5 million is of European
descent; the indigenous Māori are the
largest minority, followed
by Asians and Pacific Islanders.
The official
languages are English, Māori, and New
Zealand Sign Language, English being
the most dominant one.
4. 1. NEW ZEALAND
It is a developed country, ranks
highly in international comparisons,
particularly in protection of civil
liberties, education, economic
freedom and government
transparency.
During the 1980s it underwent major
economic changes , which
transformed it from a protectionist to
a liberalised free-trade economy.
The service sector dominates
the national economy, followed by
the industrial sector, and agriculture;
international tourism is a significant
source of revenue.
5. 2. GENDER EQUALITY
There are 17 Goals to Transform Our World. These Sustainable Development Goals are a call for
action by all countries, from poor to rich and middle-income ones, to promote prosperity while
protecting the planet.
Goal number 5 is about gender equality, which is not only a fundamental human right, but a
necessary foundation for a peaceful, prosperous and sustainable world.
6. 2. GENDER EQUALITY
Gender equality means that all genders are free to
pursue whatever they want without discrimination.
Their rights, opportunities, and access to society are
not different based on their gender.
Gender equality does not necessarily mean that
everyone is treated exactly the same. Their different
needs and dreams are valued equally. Gender equity
is often discussed at the same time as gender
equality for this reason.
7. 2. GENDER EQUALITY
https://youtu.be/7n9IOH0NvyY
Why Gender
Equality Is
Good for
Everyone —
Men
Included |
Michael
Kimmel | TED
Talks
8. 2.2 FACTS ABOUT GENDER EQUALITY
Globally, 750 million women and girls were
married before the age of 18 and at least 200
million women and girls in 30 countries have
undergone FGM.
The rates of girls between 15-19 who are
subjected to FGM (female genital mutilation) in
the 30 countries where the practice is
concentrated, is now 1 in 3 girls.
In 18 countries, husbands can legally prevent
their wives from working; in 49 countries lack
laws protecting women from domestic violence.
One in five women and girls, have experienced
physical and/or sexual violence by an intimate
partner within the last 12 months. Yet, 49
countries have no laws that specifically protect
women from such violence.
Only 52 per cent of women married or in a
union freely make their own decisions about
sexual relations, contraceptive use and health
care.
Women representation across the world in
national parliaments is at 23.7 per cent.
Globally, women are just 13 per cent of
agricultural land holders.
Women in Northern Africa hold less than one
in five paid jobs in the non-agricultural
sector.
More than 100 countries have taken action to
track budget allocations for gender equality.
In Southern Asia, a girl’s risk of marrying in
childhood has dropped by over 40per cent
since 2000.
10. 2.3 TARGETS
1 End all forms of discrimination against all women
and girls everywhere
2 Eliminate all forms of violence against all women
and girls in the public and private spheres,
including trafficking and sexual and other types of
exploitation
3 Eliminate all harmful practices, such as child,
early and forced marriage and female genital
mutilation
4 Recognize and value unpaid care and domestic
work through the provision of public services,
infrastructure and social protection policies and the
promotion of shared responsibility within the
household and the family as nationally appropriate
5 Ensure women’s full and effective participation
and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels
of decision making in political, economic and
6 Ensure universal access to sexual and
reproductive health and reproductive rights as
agreed in accordance with the Programme of
Action of the International Conference on
Population.
6.1 Undertake reforms to give women equal rights
to economic resources, as well as access to
ownership and control over land and other forms
of property, financial services, inheritance and
natural resources, in accordance with national laws
6.2 Enhance the use of enabling technology, in
particular information and communications
technology, to promote the empowerment of
women
6.3 Adopt and strengthen sound policies and
enforceable legislation for the promotion of
gender equality and the empowerment of all
12. 3. IMPROVEMENT AND EVOLUTION IN NEW
ZEALAND
New Zealand is known for promoting women's equality throughout history. It was the first
nation in the world to give women the right to vote in the 19th century.
Previously, women were unable to vote until 1893 and were not able to stand for parliament
until 1919.
The first woman to win an election was Elizabeth McCombs in 1933.
Iriaka Ratana was the first Maori woman MP in 1949 and Dame Jenny Shipley was the first woman
to be prime minister in New Zealand from 1997 to 1999.
13. 3. IMPROVEMENT AND EVOLUTION IN NEW
ZEALAND New Zealand government
is so invested in gender
equality, that they have
implemented institutional
mechanisms to promote
the advancement of
women and gender
equality.
In 2016, New Zealand was
ranked 9th out of a total of
144 countries in the Global
Gender Gap Report which
ranks countries in terms of
women's gender equality
in the population under
four heads: economic
participation, health,
education and political
14. 3. IMPROVEMENT AND EVOLUTION IN NEW
ZEALAND
New Zealand has enacted a number
of legislative means to provide for
equal pay for women, outlawing
sexual discrimination and sexual
harassment in the workplace and
proposes to set out rights in regards
to equal employment for career
progression in the workplace.
Legislation in respect of gender
equality in the workplace include the
Equal Pay Act 1972, the State Sector
Act 1988 and the Human Rights Act
1993.
The New Zealand Bill of Rights Act
1990 protects all New Zealand
citizens from discrimination on the
basis of sex.
15. 3. IMPROVEMENT AND EVOLUTION IN NEW
ZEALAND
In the past century, the gender gap in New Zealand has been slowly closing, leading this to an
increase in women's rights and feminism. This is thanks to the government, who is making
steady progress and it is evident that the fundamentals for equal rights are all in place:
democracy, the rule of law and an independent judiciary.
The government has also implemented effective structures of governance, specialized human
rights and other accountability mechanisms, and has recognised the vulnerability of particular
groups and individuals.
New Zealand takes big part when it comes to equality and women´s rights, they take it seriously
and it is something crucial for their nation, a statement that they proclaim all the time.
16. 3. IMPROVEMENT AND EVOLUTION IN NEW
ZEALAND
New Zealand has had a high level of participation by women in public life and this is evident
from the modest female representation in politics and the judiciary. However, women continue
to be under represented in parliament. Currently, there is a 40.8% female representation in
parliament.
At the moment there are no adopted quotas and targets to increase the number of women to
ensure the equal representation of women in all publicly appointed bodies by the New Zealand
Government. Rather, the government has developed a policy of ‘soft targets’ in order to
promote equal representation.
Political and public representation
17. 3. IMPROVEMENT AND EVOLUTION IN NEW
ZEALAND
The government's current goals and priorities in terms of employment equality for New Zealand
women are linked to its broader goal of improving New Zealand's prosperity in the economy.
This is to allow women to have more choices and opportunities to use their strengths to
maximize social and economical success.
With regard to pay equity, the domestic gender pay gap in New Zealand when comparing full-
time workers is rather low in comparison to other countries. The gender pay gap in New Zealand
was calculated to be 9.9% in 2014, which was the lowest in the Asia Pacific Region.
Compared to other countries, New Zealand does an amazing job when it comes to employment
and workplace related to women.
Employment and the workplace
19. 4. WHAT SHOULD CHANGE. AIMS FOR THE FUTURE
On the other hand, New Zealand
undoubtedly recognizes that
addressing gender equality, the
empowerment of women and the
human rights of women and girls in
Agenda 2030 is essential to achieving
other goals. They even have
mainstreamed gender across its
international development assistance
programme and continues to target
the prevention of domestic violence
as a high priority.
New Zealand has also developed a
National Action Plan to implement
United Nations Security Council
resolution 1325 on Women Peace and
Security, which focuses on the
participation and leadership of women,
including by improving international
deployment rates of senior staff within
the New Zealand Defense Force and
New Zealand Police; and support in
relevant development assistance
targeting leadership in the Pacific.
New Zealand still has some old laws which have not been repealed or
replaced.
20. 5. CONCLUSION
To conclude, there is no doubt that we all, as citizens and as a
country, should take New Zealand as an example of what is a
nation that works together to achieve what they want in order to
make everything more fair. Women´s life in this country, and their
expectations when finding a job or gaining more money are way
higher than others.
SO, WHAT CAN WE
DO TO GET TO
WHERE THEY ARE?
21. 5. CONCLUSION
First of all we all should spread awareness. This is mainly because if a society isn’t able
to acknowledge gender inequality, changes will be nearly impossible. To make gender
equality a reality, people need to be aware of the current state of affairs and the
benefits of change, to know that it is there, and not to look away.
Education is also another of the key factors. So many people believe that the most
significant obstacle to gender equality is unequal access to education. This being
absolutely correct, due to the fact that without the same education as boys, girls are
limited in their income and job prospects. This is something girls will carry through
their whole lives. To tackle gender inequality at the start, education for girls and women
needs to be a top priority, it is one of the main focus, the one thing that can make a big
difference in following generations.
WHAT WE SHOULD DO:
22. 5. CONCLUSION
Last but not least, it comes legislative support. Good and effective legislation is the
foundation of every functioning state based on the rule of law. Laws should be adopted
through democratic procedures and be clear and concise. There are many laws and
systems in place that cause this gender inequality. In order to break those systems
down, laws that discriminate need to be replaced and new laws put in place. These laws
hold organizations and institutions accountable. Governments, legislators, and activists
all play a part in this process.
What is clear, is that we all must take part in this process, women are not alone, this is a
fight for all of us. If you want to see the results, you should start today by questioning
what you can do to help.
WHAT WE SHOULD DO: