1. Understanding
Culture, Society
and Politics

2. About Me
Hi, Good morning.
I am Hana, 18 years old

3. Quarter 1

4. Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity,
concerned with human behavior, human biology,
cultures, and societies, in both the present and
past, including past species.
Anthropology

5. Sociology is the scientific study of human society
and social behaviour. Sociology is a discipline in
social sciences concerned with human society
and human social activities.
Sociology

6. Political Science is the study of the nature,
causes and consequences of collecive decisions
and actions taken by groupd of people embedded
in cultures and institutions that structure power
and authority.
Political Science

7. Goal
Anthropology
The goal of studying
anthropology is to
understand the origin
human evolution and
the diverse forms of
its existence
throughout time.
Sociology
The goal of sociology
is to help you
understand how
human action and
consciousness both
shape and are
shaped by the
surrounding cultural
and social structures.
Political
Science
The goal of Political
Science is to
constantly deepen the
knowledge, discover
progress and protect
the quality of life within
a group, community,
country, and the world.

8. Perspective
Anthropology Sociology Political
Science

9. Culture refers to a group or community which
shares common experiences that shape the way
its members understand the world. It includes
groups that we are born into, such as race,
national origin, gender, class, or religion. It can
also include a group we join or become part of.
Culture

10. Major Elements of Culture
Symbols Languages Artifacts
Social Norms Values

11. A symbol is anything that is used to stand for
something else
Symbol

12. Language is a system of words and symbols used
to communicate with other people.
Language

13. Systems of values are culturally defined
standards for what is good or desirable. Members
of the culture use the shared system of values to
decide what is good and what is bad.
Values

14. Cultural artifact or artefact is a term used in the
social sciences, particularly anthropology,
ethnology, and sociology for anything created by
humans which gives information about the culture
of its creator and users.
Artifacts

15. Social and cultural norms are rules or
expectations of behaviour and thoughts based on
shared beliefs within a specific cultural or social
group.
Social and Cultural
Norms

16. Cultural Relativism
Definition
Cultural relativism is
the ability to
understand a culture
on its own terms and
not to make
judgments using the
standards of one's
own culture.
Goal
The goal of this is
to promote
understanding of
cultural practices
that are not
typically part of
one's own culture.
Importance
Cultural Relativism is
important to
anthropology because
it is a tool, a method
for attempting to see
things from a
multiplicity of
viewpoints so as to
better understand
them.

17. Socialization is a continuing process of social
interaction through which people acquired their
identities and skills in society. It is a learning from
people to other people.
Socialization

18. Social Institutions
Social group is a collection of
individuals who have relations
with one another that make
them interdependent to some
significant degree.

19. Primary Group
a small, intimate, and less specialized
group whereby members engaged in
emotion-based interaction and
interdependence over an extended
period of time.

20. Secondary Group
a larger, less intimate and more
specialized group whereby members
engaged in objective-oriented
relationships for a limited period of
time.

21. In - Group
a group to which a person
belongs, and with which he or
she feels sense of identity.

22. Out - Group
a group to which one does not
belong and to which he or she
may feel hostility.

23. Reference Group
a group which has a strong
influence on an individual’s,
beliefs, values, behavior and
attitude

24. Network Group
refers to the structure of relationship
which has interconnections, ties, and
linkages between people, their
groups, and the larger social
institutions to which they all belong.

25. Social Organizations
These arise out of social needs and
situations of members. These
organizations are the means through
which individual adjust their behavior
to environmental conditions

26. Family
The most natural , simplest and
permanent form of social
organization

27. Clan
The members of clan are
supposed to be the descendants
of common ancestors.

28. Tribe
A tribe is a wider social organization than
clan and has been defined as “a social
group of a simple kind, and members of
which speak a common dialect, have a
common government and act together for
such common purpose as welfare.

29. Community
A community is defined as “the
total organisation of social life
within a limited area.” A
community is a self-sufficient
group based on common life.

30. Association
An association as a group organized
for the pursuit of an interest or group of
interests in common.” Associations
may be of various types including
kinship, religious, cultural, recreational,
philanthropic, vocational, political
groups.

31. Quarter 2

32. Non-state
Institutions
An association as a group organized for the
pursuit of an interest or group of interests in
common.” Associations may be of various
types including kinship, religious, cultural,
recreational, philanthropic, vocational,
political groups.
Bank
Cooperatives
Labor/Trade Unions
Corporations
Transnational Advocacy
Groups
International
Organizations

33. Education
Education is a tool that
provides awareness ,
skills, strategies, and
information to people. It
helps them understand
their rights and duties to
their families, community,
and country.

34. HOW
EDUCATION
HELPS
Communication

35. Removing
Poverty

36. Women
Empowerment

37. War and
Terrorism
Prevention

38. Law and Order

39. Uplifting the
poorer
economic
elements of
society

40. Protection and
Defense
Against Crime

41. Trade and
Commerce

42. Social
Stratification
Social stratification refers
to the classification of
individuals by a society
into socioeconomic
category rankings based
on various factors,
including wealth, income,
ethnicity, education, and
power.

43. Forms
Social
of
Stratification
Closed System Open System
Closed systems
accommodate no change
to social status. It is
described as a place
where individuals can do
little or nothing to alter
their social status.
Open systems, on the
other hand, focus and
allow layers and classes to
move and interact. It is
based on success,
allowing layers and
classes to move and
interact.

44. Estate System
OPEN
Estate systems are characterized by land
ownership and were widespread during the
Middle Ages and through the 1800s in Europe
and Asia

45. Class System
OPEN
Class systems refers to division of people,
typically based on income, education and
occupation, in a stratified social hierarchy.

46. Slavery System
CLOSE
Slavery is a system in which people are bought
and sold as slaves against their will, compelled
to work, or kept in captivity or cages.

47. Caste System
CLOSE
Caste systems are closed systems of social
stratification in which individuals inherit their
status and experience little mobility.

48. Social
Inequality
Patterns of an unequal
share of social assets are
commonly called social
inequality. Somebody
may be blessed with
uncommon insights or
abilities or may have
worked exceptionally
difficult to attain their
riches and status.

49. Pantawid Pasada
Program
Free College
Education
Pantawid Pamilyang
Pilipino Program
Programs that Addresses Social
Inequality
Social Pension
Unconditional
Cash Transfer

50. END