2. Submitted by-
Harshit Mishra & Vinay Kachava
Submitted to-
Anjali dubey

3. TOPIC OUTLINE
• Birth of the solar system
• Geocentric & Heliocentric
• Solar system
- Sun
- Terrestrial planet
Jovian planet
- Asteroid belt
- Kuiper belt
- Dwarf Planets
- Asteroid
- Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite
- Comet

4. BIRTH OF THE SOLAR
SYSTEM

5. GEOCENTRIC &
HELIOCENTRIC THEORY
- Ptolemaic System/ Geocentric Theory
Earth centered theory
- Copernican Scheme/ Heliocentric Theory
Sun centered theory

6. PTOLEMAIC SYSTEM/
GEOCENTRIC
COPERNICAN SCHEME/
HELIOCENTRIC

7. THE SOLAR SYSTEM
The name given to the Sun and the family
that orbits it. “Solar” means “of the Sun”
and the sun is by far the most important
member of the family.
- The Sun has a “pulling force” known as
“gravity” that keeps the planets flying off
into space.

8. THE SOLAR SYSTEM
- Solar System’s diameter is estimated to be
around 1.41x10 m. or 10 light hours
(1 light years= 9.46x10 m.)
- The sun and the solar system is located
within the outer limits of milky way galaxy.
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9. MODEL OF SOLAR SYSTEM

10. The Sun
 An averaged-size star
Greek name: Helios
Roman name: Sol
Photosphere: Surface
of the sun.
Sunspot: cool regions

11. Categorizing Planets
Terrestrial Planets Jovian Planets
Smaller size and mass
Higher density
Solid Surface
Closer to the Sun
Warmer
Few moons and no rings
Larger size and mass
Lower density
No solid Surface
Farther From Sun
Cooler
Rings and many moons

12. TERRESTRIAL PLANETS
(INNER PLANET)
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars

13. Mercury
 Closest planet to the
sun and the eight
largest.
Roman god: Mercury
Greek god: Hermes
(messenger of God)
 Its surface is heavily
cratered and very old; it
has no plate tectonics.

14. Venus
 Second planet from
the sun and the sixth
largest.
Greek: Aphrodite
(goddess of love and
beauty)
 It was popular thought
to be two separate
bodies: the morning
star and evening star

15. Earth
 Earth is the fifth largest planet and the third from
the sun.
 Liquid covers 71 percent of the Earth’s surface.
 The Earth has one moon.

16. Moon (Luna)

17. Mars
 Fourth planet from the
sun and the seventh
largest.
Greek: Ares, the god of
war
 Referred to as the
Red Planet
 Has the most highly
varied and interesting
terrain of any of the
terrestrial planets

18. Moons of Mars
Phobos
Deimos

19. JOVIAN PLANETS
(OUTER PLANET/ GAS GIANTS)
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

20. Jupiter
 Fifth planet from the
sun and by far the
largest planet.
Also known as Jove
Greek: Zeus (the king
of the gods)
 it is a gas planet,
which means that it
does not have solid
surface.

21. Jupiter’s Red Spot
 The Great Red Spot,
a huge storm of
swirling gas that has
lasted for hundreds of
years.
 When it is in nighttime
sky, Jupiter is often
the brightest ‘star’ in
the sky

22. Moons of Jupiter
Jupiter has 62 known satellites: the four
Galilean moons plus many more small
ones.
We’ll take a look at the four large Galilean
moons which were first observed by
Galileo in 1610.

23. Io
 Io is the fifth moon
of Jupiter. It’s the
third largest of
Jupiter’s moons.
 Io has hundreds of
volcanic calderas.
Some of the
volcanoes are
active.

24. Europa
 Europa is the sixth of
Jupiter’s moons and is
the fourth largest.
 It is slightly smaller than
the Earth’s moon.
 The surface strongly
resembles images of sea
ice on Earth. There may
be a liquid water sea
under the crust.
 Europa is one of the five
known moons in the solar
system to have an
atmosphere.

25. Ganymede
 Ganymede is the
seventh and largest of
Jupiter’s known
satellites.
 Ganymede has
extensive cratering
and an icy crust.

26. Callisto
 Callisto is the eighth of Jupiter’s known satellites
and the second largest.
 Callisto has the oldest, most cratered surface of
any body yet observed in the solar system.

27. Saturn
 Saturn is the second largest planet and the sixth
from the sun.
Roman: Saturn (god of agriculture)
 Saturn is made of materials that are lighter than
water. If you could fit Saturn in a lake, it would
float!

28. Rings of Saturn
 Saturn’s rings are not
solid; they are
composed of small
countless particles.
 The rings are very
thin. Though they’re
250,000km or more in
diameter, they’re less
than one kilometer
thick.

30. Uranus
 Uranus is the third
largest planet and the
seventh from the sun.
 Uranus is one of the
giant gas planets.
Ancient Greek: Uranus
(deity of heavens)
 Uranus is blue-green
because of the
methane in its
atmosphere.

31. MOONS OF URANUS

32. Neptune
 Neptune is the fourth
largest planet and the
eight from the sun.
Roman: Neptune
(god of the sea)
Greek: Poseidon
 Like Uranus, the
methane gives
Neptune its color.

33. MOONS OF NEPTUNE

34. ASTEROID BELT
the region of the Solar System located
roughly between the orbits of
the planets Mars and Jupiter. It is occupied
by numerous irregularly shaped bodies
called asteroids or minor planets. The
asteroid belt is also termed the main
asteroid belt or main belt to distinguish its
members from other asteroids in the Solar
System such as near-Earth asteroids and
trojan asteroids.

36. KUIPER BELT
The Kuiper Belt is a disc-shaped region of
icy objects beyond the orbit of Neptune --
billions of kilometers from our sun. Pluto
and Eris are the best known of these icy
worlds. There may be hundreds more of
these ice dwarfs out there. The Kuiper Belt
and even more distant Oort Cloud are
believed to be the home of comets that
orbit our sun.

39. ERIS
DATE OF DISCOVERY:
October 21, 2003
SATALITES:
1- Dysnomia
- Formerly named UB313,
a kuiper belt object,
officially named Eris in
Sept. 13,2006
- Largest known kuiper belt
object.

40. PLUTO
DATE OF DISCOVERY:
1930
SATALITES:
3- Charon, Nix, Hydra
- Named for the Roman god of
the underworld (death).
- 2nd largest Kuiper belt Object
- Discovered by Clyde
Tombaugh

41. HAUMEA
DATE OF DISCOVERY:
March 7, 2003
SATALITES:
2- Hi’iaka, Namaka
- Originally called 2003 EL61
- 5th dwarf planet found by a
team led by Michael Brown

42. MAKEMAKE
DATE OF DISCOVERY:
March 31, 2005
SATALITES:
0
- Smaller than Pluto
- 4th dwarf planet found by a
team led by Michael Brown
- Reddish color and likely
covered with frozen methane

43. CERES
DATE OF DISCOVERY:
January 1, 1801
SATALITES:
0
- 1st asteroid ever discovered
by Guiseppe Piazzi.
- Designated a dwarf planet on
August 24,2006.

44. ASTEROID, METEOR,
COMETS

45. ASTEROID
 Asteroids are small
Solar System
bodies that are not
comets, and historically
referred to objects
inside the orbit of
Jupiter. They have also
been called planetoids,
especially the larger
ones

46. BIYO
Despite often being called a planet, the lump of rock
known as 13241 Biyo (1998 KM41) is actually an
asteroid!
Some people argue that Biyo is a minor planet (the
name given to any planet smaller than a dwarf planet
like Pluto), but it isn't officially classed as one.
It is named after Filipino teacher Dr. Josette T. Biyo.

47. Meteoroid, Meteor, Meteorite
 A meteoroid is a sand- to boulder-
sized particle of debris in the Solar
System. (outside the planets
atmosphere)
 A meteor is the visible streak of
light from a meteoroid that is
heated as it enters a
planet's atmosphere
 A meteorite is a meteoroid fallen
to the planet’s ground.

48. COMETS
 A comet is an icy small
Solar System body
(SSSB) that, when
close enough to the
Sun, displays a
visible coma (a thin,
fuzzy, temporary
atmosphere) and
sometimes also a tail.