2. Outlines: 2
Components of Robotics
Robot Technology
What is robot applications?
Why we need robots in our life?
What the quality that can be provided?
4. 4
A physically-embedded, artificially intelligent device with sensing and
actuation.
It can sense. It can act.
It must think, or process information, to connect sensing and action.
A re-programmable multi-function manipulator designed to move material parts, tools,
or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a
variety of tasks
(Robotic Institute of America )
5. Robots cannot reach the same high level as humans
because they are programmed to do certain tasks
according to certain factors which are completely
programmed by human beings, but they have no
possibilities to change plan like humans or plan new
things unless the programmer programs them to change
the plan. Because of high development of machines,
sensors, actuator, digital electronics and microprocessor
technology it became possible to create a robot which is
autonomous (Teijo Lahtinen, Lecture at Lahti University of
Applied Sciences 2009).
5
6. Components of Robot 6
• Perception (Sensors input)
• Manipulation (Actuation that affecting changes in the
world)
• Control & Cognition
7. Robotics Technology
Effectors and actuators
7
An effector is any device that affects the environment. Robots control their effectors, which are also
known as end effectors. Effectors include legs, wheels, arms, fingers and wings. Controllers cause
the effectors to produce desired effects on the environment. An actuator is the actual mechanism
that enables the effector to execute an action. Actuators typically include electric motors, gears.
Artificial Intelligence
The term "artificial intelligence" is defined as systems that combine sophisticated hardware and
software with elaborate databases and knowledge-based processing models to demonstrate
characteristics of effective human decision making.
8. Criteria of Artificial Intelligence 8
1) functional: the system must be capable of performing the function for which it has
been designed;
2) able to manufacture: the system must be capable of being manufactured by existing
manufacturing processes;
3) designable: the design of the system must be imaginable by designers working in
their cultural context
4) marketable: the system must be perceived to serve some purpose well enough,
when compared to competing approaches, to warrant its design and manufacture.
11. 11111111Types of robotics
Mobile robots
Mobile robots are able to move, usually they perform task such
as search areas. Mobile robots are used for task where people cannot
go. Either because it is too dangerous of because people cannot
reach the area hat needs to be searched.
Rolling robots
Rolling robots have wheels to move around. These are the
type of robots that can quickly and easily search move around.
12. 12
Walking robots
Robots on legs are usually brought in when the terrain is rocky
and difficult to enter with wheels. Robots have a hard time shifting
balance and keep them from tumbling. That's why most robots with
have at least 4 of them, usually they have 6 legs or more. Even when
they lift one or more legs they still keep their balance.
Stationary robots
Robots are not only used to explore areas or imitate a human
being. Most robots perform repeating tasks without ever moving an
inch. Most robots are 'working in industry settings.
13. 13
Autonomous robots
Autonomous robots are self supporting or in other words self
contained. In a way they rely on their own 'brains
Autonomous robots run a program that give them the opportunity to
decide on the action to perform depending on their surroundings.
Autonomous robots can learn to walk or avoid obstacles they find in
their way. Think about a six legged robot, at first the legs move ad
random, after a little while the robot adjust its program and performs a
pattern which enables it to move in a direction.
15. The 21st century is a century for robotics. Robots have long
borne the potential to bridge the gap between the cybernetic world
(the internet of things) and the physical world. As the most promising
candidate to theme the next major industrial revolution succeeding
the present third (digital) industrial revolution, robotics is set to play
an ever increasingly important role in society for its influence in every
aspect of life in Hong Kong, including medicine and healthcare,
building service, manufacturing, food production, logistics and
transportation.
Robotics Importance 15
