This is a presentation about foundation failure. foundation failure signes and what causes it.

1. FOUNDATION FAILURE
Shadman Kh. Hussein
Lawa T. Hamaamin
Hussein A. Farman

2. 1.Introduction
2.Signes of foundation failure
3. Causes of foundation failure
4. Conclusion
5. Reference
Outline

3. What is Foundation ?
A foundation is the lowest part of the building structure.
It is the engineering field of study devoted to the design of those
structures which support other structures, most
typically buildings, bridges or transportation infrastructure. It is at the
periphery of Civil, Structural and Geotechnical Engineering disciplines
and has distinct focus on soil-structure interaction.
It is also called as ground sill, which transfers loads to the ground. It is
generally broken into two categories.
• Shallow foundation
• Deep foundation
Introduction

4. Signes of foundation failure

5. . FOUNDATION CRACKS, WALL/FLOOR CRACKS
AND OTHER TYPES OF FRACTURES

6. FOUNDATION SETTLING OR SINKING

7. FOUNDATION UPHEAVAL

8. DOORS THAT STICK OR DON’T
OPEN AND CLOSE PROPERLY

9. GAPS AROUND WINDOW FRAMES OR
EXTERIOR DOORS

10. SAGGING OR UNEVEN FLOORS

11. A DAMP CRAWL SPACE IN A PIER AND
BEAM HOUSE

12. •Soil Movement
•Low Quality Construction
•Under Slab Plumbing Leaks
•Poor Soil Compaction
•Transpiration
•Inadequate Foundation Drainage
WHAT CAUSES FOUNDATION FAILURE

13. SOIL MOVEMENT
• The expansive soils in this area expand a great deal when wet, and
then shrink when they dry out. This leads to soil movement that
can crack your foundation and create any number of problems.

14. LOW QUALITY CONSTRUCTION
• Unfortunately, some area homebuilders choose to cut corners and do not
make concrete slabs thick enough. If that’s the case, your foundation may
not be strong enough to support the load bearing weight of your house of
other structure.

15. POOR SOIL COMPACTION
If the soil beneath your foundation was not properly compacted, it may slowly settle
or sink into the ground over time. What is soil compaction? It’s the tight compaction
of soil particles so that there are very few air pockets between the particles. In other
words, it is smashing the ground down very hard so that it will not sink when a heavy
structure is placed on it. When a house or other structure is positioned on a piece of
ground that has not been adequately compacted, foundation failure can occur. While
homebuilders should compact soils before constructing foundations on the property,
they don’t always do this.

16. UNDER SLAB PLUMBING LEAKS
• These leaks often go unnoticplumbing leaks allow moisture to enter the soil
beneath your house, causing ed for large periods of time but are very damaging.
Under slab the soil to expand. When soil expands, it gains volume and can exert
force on your foundation. What’s more, when the soil eventually dries out and
contracts, consolidation occurs. Consolidation is any process by which soil decreases
in volume. The process of consolidation occurs when the particles of soil are packed
firmly together due to a heavy structure or load being placed on them. Over a
period of time, moisture is expelled from the soil and not replaced by air, causing it
to dry out. As a result, you may require slab foundation repair.

17. TRANSPIRATION
• The soil dehydrates because of tree roots beneath the home. Soil shrinks because of
this loss of moisture. The soil shrinkage causes homes to settle.

18. INADEQUATE FOUNDATION DRAINAGE
• If the soil around your foundation is not on a proper slope that forces large
amounts of precipitation way from your structure, your foundation can eventually
fail. To protect your house, make sure your flowerbeds around your structure are on
a proper grade. If this is a problem, you may benefit from the installation of a
foundation drainage system and will force water away from your structure.
Foundation drainage correction can pay for itself by eliminating the need to make
costly repairs.

19. CONCRETE SHRINKAGE
• Since water is used to mix concrete, the concrete expands when wet and then
contracts when it dries. The actual drying process for a specific concrete pour is
affected by such factors as the type of aggregate and mix of concrete, weather and
humidity, among others. Also, if the concrete foundation is poured in batches
hardening at different times, the foundation is no longer monolithic, and a cold joint
forms. Water then can seep through the joint and cause cracking.

20. CONCLUSION
• Foundation failures cannot be repaired completely because every
foundations are under the structure and working in this level is
impossible but in some case it can be repaired by a simple
method that called (underpinning) is the process of strengthening
the foundation of an existing building.

21. REFERENCES
• Hartfelder, D. and Hartfelder, A., MEC Systems, 2018. Building foundation drainage
ground water supply and use system. U.S. Patent Application 15/899,074.
• Reichenbach, H., 1938. Experience and prediction: An analysis of the foundations
and the structure of knowledge.
• Lin, C. and Kaiming, T., 1985. The Effect of Vegetation Transpiration on the
Deformation of High Void Ratio Expansive Soil Foundation. Transportation Research
Record, (1032).