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Bologna Process – are we
witnessing a real change in
governance philosophy?


Ligia Deca
Chairperson
European Students’ Union


IAU 13h  General Conference – Utrecht, 2008
2




ESU - A long story short
• 1982: WESIB was founded by seven national
  unions
• 1989: The Wall fell and WESIB changed to ESIB
• 1999: The Bologna Process starts and ESIB
  creates content committees
• ESIB turns into ESIB – The National Unions of
  Students in Europe
• 2007: ESIB is renamed into ESU
• 2007, October 17th : 25th Anniversary
  Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
3




Over 11 millions of students in Europe!


49 members




38 countries




  Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
4




ESU – key data
• Mission: promoting the educational,
  social, economic & cultural interests
  of students at the European level
  towards all relevant organisations &
  institutions
• Areas of work: the Bologna Process,
  The Lisbon strategy
  (education&training 2010), mobility,
  equal opportunities, students‘
  financing, qualifications frameworks
  etc.           Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
5




HE – main aims
 ESU outlines four major aims of higher
 education:
 The promotion of active citizenship and
 democracy
 Developing the labour market
 Knowledge development
 Personal development


                     Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
6




Shift in HE paradigm
                • Increased demand of HE
                      • Globalisation
                    • Social dimension
              • Mobility of students and staff
      • Need for regional and international recognition
                           • QA
                           • LLL



                     Change in institutional
                         governance



                            Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
7




The European Experience within the
Bologna Process at institutional level
 Institutional autonomy

 Formal inclusion of stakeholders in governance
 structures

 Recognising the need for students involvement
 at all levels



                      Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
8




Fundamental change = STUDENT
INVOLVEMENT
• Students = legitimate stakeholder
• Students’ involvement in all levels of
  decision making
• Students in Quality Assurance
• Students involved in curricula changes
• Creating the ultimate goal -> student
  centred learning

                    Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
9




Students as legitimate stakeholder
• No effective reform can be made without
  ownership
• Participation and contribution to the design and
  implementation of HE reforms are essential to
  create a sense of ownership
• Essential input, as students are the ‘users’ of any
  educational or pedagogical tools
• Diversity in the needs must generate flexibility
  and cooperation, based on a public support
  system
                         Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
10




European realities
• Status granted by ministerial communiqués –>
  national formal recognition by law provisions
• More self-evident in high-level structures than at the
  bottom level
• Little recognition when talking about strategic
  planning, curricula development and budget issues
• Diversity in the forms of recognition, but usually
  seen as a part of a check-list
• Not all student representatives are sufficiently
  empowered to contribute to the decision-making
  process
                         Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
11




Students in all levels of governance
structures
• Students are usually involved in national and
  institutional governance structures due to
  legislative impositions
• Involvement at department/faculty/programme
  level is very difficult in some countries
• In several cases, students are not allowed to take
  part in decisions concerning staff or budget
  matters.

                         Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
12




Students in Quality Assurance
• 3 levels:
  ▫ National
  ▫ Institutional
  ▫ Faculty/programme/departmental
• More involvement at top levels
• Sometimes regarded as a formal exercise: in
  most cases the “questionnaire culture” does not
  work
• Different situation in Europe (see next slide)
                       Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
13




Source: Bologna with Student Eyes 2007, p. 18
14



Student Centred Learning
 ▫ Focus on the diverse students’ needs (social
   dimension)
 ▫ Fostering flexibility and focus on learning
   outcomes (flexible learning paths)
 ▫ The role of the teacher as a guide and not only as
   lecturer -> teachers training
 ▫ Mainstreaming LLL in HEI’s missions
 ▫ Shift in governance -> including students in the
   decision making processes, not only in election
   exercises
 ▫ Needs supplementary financial effort, but it’s
   more effective in the long run
                         Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
15




Main future institutional challenges in
the eyes of European students
  ▫ Reaching the desired mixed-goal : university
    autonomy and more inclusion of the academic
    community
  ▫ Balancing democratic decision-making and public
    accountability of HEI
  ▫ The new institutional organization needs to be
    better focused on the student and its needs, while
    avoiding to be commercial or too hierarchical

                      Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
16




Questions?
    Thank you for your attention!

European Students’ Unions

20, Rue de la Sablonnière
1000 Brussels, Belgium
Web: www.esu-online.org
Phone: +32 2 502 23 62
E-mail: ec2008@esu-online.org

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Utr. prog. thursd. ligia deca

  • 1. 1 Bologna Process – are we witnessing a real change in governance philosophy? Ligia Deca Chairperson European Students’ Union IAU 13h  General Conference – Utrecht, 2008
  • 2. 2 ESU - A long story short • 1982: WESIB was founded by seven national unions • 1989: The Wall fell and WESIB changed to ESIB • 1999: The Bologna Process starts and ESIB creates content committees • ESIB turns into ESIB – The National Unions of Students in Europe • 2007: ESIB is renamed into ESU • 2007, October 17th : 25th Anniversary Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 3. 3 Over 11 millions of students in Europe! 49 members 38 countries Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 4. 4 ESU – key data • Mission: promoting the educational, social, economic & cultural interests of students at the European level towards all relevant organisations & institutions • Areas of work: the Bologna Process, The Lisbon strategy (education&training 2010), mobility, equal opportunities, students‘ financing, qualifications frameworks etc. Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 5. 5 HE – main aims ESU outlines four major aims of higher education: The promotion of active citizenship and democracy Developing the labour market Knowledge development Personal development Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 6. 6 Shift in HE paradigm • Increased demand of HE • Globalisation • Social dimension • Mobility of students and staff • Need for regional and international recognition • QA • LLL Change in institutional governance Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 7. 7 The European Experience within the Bologna Process at institutional level Institutional autonomy Formal inclusion of stakeholders in governance structures Recognising the need for students involvement at all levels Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 8. 8 Fundamental change = STUDENT INVOLVEMENT • Students = legitimate stakeholder • Students’ involvement in all levels of decision making • Students in Quality Assurance • Students involved in curricula changes • Creating the ultimate goal -> student centred learning Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 9. 9 Students as legitimate stakeholder • No effective reform can be made without ownership • Participation and contribution to the design and implementation of HE reforms are essential to create a sense of ownership • Essential input, as students are the ‘users’ of any educational or pedagogical tools • Diversity in the needs must generate flexibility and cooperation, based on a public support system Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 10. 10 European realities • Status granted by ministerial communiqués –> national formal recognition by law provisions • More self-evident in high-level structures than at the bottom level • Little recognition when talking about strategic planning, curricula development and budget issues • Diversity in the forms of recognition, but usually seen as a part of a check-list • Not all student representatives are sufficiently empowered to contribute to the decision-making process Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 11. 11 Students in all levels of governance structures • Students are usually involved in national and institutional governance structures due to legislative impositions • Involvement at department/faculty/programme level is very difficult in some countries • In several cases, students are not allowed to take part in decisions concerning staff or budget matters. Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 12. 12 Students in Quality Assurance • 3 levels: ▫ National ▫ Institutional ▫ Faculty/programme/departmental • More involvement at top levels • Sometimes regarded as a formal exercise: in most cases the “questionnaire culture” does not work • Different situation in Europe (see next slide) Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 13. 13 Source: Bologna with Student Eyes 2007, p. 18
  • 14. 14 Student Centred Learning ▫ Focus on the diverse students’ needs (social dimension) ▫ Fostering flexibility and focus on learning outcomes (flexible learning paths) ▫ The role of the teacher as a guide and not only as lecturer -> teachers training ▫ Mainstreaming LLL in HEI’s missions ▫ Shift in governance -> including students in the decision making processes, not only in election exercises ▫ Needs supplementary financial effort, but it’s more effective in the long run Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 15. 15 Main future institutional challenges in the eyes of European students ▫ Reaching the desired mixed-goal : university autonomy and more inclusion of the academic community ▫ Balancing democratic decision-making and public accountability of HEI ▫ The new institutional organization needs to be better focused on the student and its needs, while avoiding to be commercial or too hierarchical Ligia Deca – 13th IAU General Conference – July 17th 2008, Utrecht
  • 16. 16 Questions? Thank you for your attention! European Students’ Unions 20, Rue de la Sablonnière 1000 Brussels, Belgium Web: www.esu-online.org Phone: +32 2 502 23 62 E-mail: ec2008@esu-online.org