Shivganga Gavhane, Sanjay Hargunani, Prachiti Mahamuni , Shruti Walunj,Manali Mehta

1. International Journal of Engineering and Techniques – Volume5 Issue6 December2019
Smart Library Automation and Monitoring
Shivganga Gavhane1
, Sanjay Hargunani2
, Prachiti Mahamuni3
, Shruti Walunj4
,
Manali Mehta5
1(Computer Department, DYPIEMR, Akurdi,Pune
Email:shivganga168@gmail.com)
2 (Computer Department, DYPIEMR, Akurdi,Pune
Email: sanjayhargunani9@gmail.com)
3(Computer Department, DYPIEMR, Akurdi,Pune
Email:prachitimahamuni193@gmail.com)
4(Computer Department, DYPIEMR, Akurdi,Pune
Email:shruti1walunj@gmail.com)
5(Computer Department, DYPIEMR, Akurdi,Pune
Email:mehtamanali1298@gmail.com)
I. INTRODUCTION
A. RFID
Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) devices are
really important in information technology. There is a
huge growth in the industry to use RFID technology in
the past few years. Radio-Frequency Identification
(RFID) uses radio waves and electromagnetic fields to
automatically read information stored on tags which are
attached to objects for identification [1]. A RFID system
can be made up of three components: readers, tags and
software.
1.) UHF RFID tags:
UHF RFID tags contain individual serial numbers,
which are the keys in the library management
system database. Android mobile reader can read
the serial numbers of UHF RFID tags embedded on
library materials quickly. The application software
installed on Android mobile reader can discriminate
among several tags that might be within the range of
the Android mobile reader and read them
simultaneously, because UHF RFID has anti-
collision features and every UHF RFID tag has its
unique serial number. With the serial numbers read
from the UHF RFID tags that attached to objects,
searching, borrowing, returning, inventorying and
finding out mis-placed items of library materials can
be done efficiently.[2]
Several frequency bands have been standardized for
RFID. For low-frequency (LF) the frequency is
from 125 kHz to 134 kHz. Next, for high-frequency
(HF) it is set to 13.56 MHz, and for ultra-high-
frequency (UHF) the value is set from 860 MHz to
960 MHz There are a lot of UHF RFID systems
surfacing currently as the cost to produce the UHF
tags are now lower compared to produce LF or HF
tags. Plus, these systems involve electromagnetic
interaction between the reader’s antenna and the
tag’s antenna which allows longer distance of
detection.[3]
2.) RFID Reader:
An RFID reader is the most important part of the
RFID system and is necessary for the system to
function. Readers, also called interrogator, are
devices that transmit and receive radio waves in
order to communicate with RFID tags.
B. BOARDS
1.) Raspberry-pi:
In this paper we are using Raspberry-pi. The
Raspberry pi is low cost, credit card sized computer
that plugs into computer monitor or TV And uses
Abstract:
The real time RFID based smart library management and monitoring system uses RFID tags and scanner. The tags
having unique identification are attached onto the books as well as on the ID cards of students. The system will keep live
count of students in the library. Smart library management system allows fast transaction flows and will automate
activities like issue and return of books from library. The system also helps to automate and monitor student’s entry and
exit activities without much manual intervention. The system also includes an user interface for students. The main
objective is to prevent unauthorized users from entering the library.
Keywords —RFID-scanner, RFID-tag, UHF, Raspberry pi, Sensors

2. International Journal of Engineering and Techniques – Volume5 Issue6 December2019
standard keyboard and mouse. It is capable of doing
everything you expect a desktop computer to do,
from browsing the internet and playing high
definition video games, word processing, etc.
II. OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
The main objectives of the study can be stated as:
1. To automate entry-exit of students and book transactions
like issue, renew, return by using RFID technology.
2. To provide students an application to search the available
books in the library from anywhere.
3. To provide students and librarian the easiest way to issue
and return the books from the library.
4. To make easier way to maintain Database and stop
unauthorized users from entering the library.
III. LITERATURE SURVEY:
A. Library Management System Using RFID
Technology
Author :Sree Lakshmi Addepalli , SreeGowriAddepalli
Paper explanation:
Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a rapidly emerging
technology which allows productivity and is very convenient.
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology of
Automatic Identification and Data collection which helps to
automate business processes. RFID Based Library
Management System that would allow fast transaction flow
and will make it easy to handle the issue and return of books
from the library without much intervention of manual book
keeping which benefits by adding properties of traceability
and security. The proposed system is based on RFID readers
and passive RFID tags that are able to electronically store
information that can be read with the help of the RFID
reader.[4]
B. Smart Library Book Management System
Author: Madhur Gupta, Sneha Sanjay Jadhav, Vydeki D
Paper explanation:
In recent years, RFID technology has replaced the bar code
system or a magnetic strip on the back of credit cards. A
smart library book management system that uses Radio
frequency waves to transfer data from a tag attached to the
book. The incorporation of RFID technology in a library
helps reduce human intervention and has been designed to
support the librarian as well as the user. Raspberry Pi and
RFID reader(s) are attached to each book rack to detect the
correct positioning of the books. A MySQL database has
been created, that contains information of the books in the
library. A web page is also designed to display the location of
the misplaced books that helps the librarian.[5]
C. The University Library Management System Based
on Radio Frequency Identification
Author: Jin Feng Zhang
Paper explanation:
Traditional library management is time consuming.. The
system introduces the function and the use of each module in
the system which emphatically studies the label conversion
subsystem and self-help borrowing book subsystem. Through
the design of the system the RFID achieves automation and
intelligence to the library management. The system is based
on RFID and depends on RFID middle ware as the media to
achieve the organic combination of the advanced RFID and
library management and offers very effective technical means
to the library management.[6]
IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Traditional library management is time consuming. We have
designed the system to overcome the drawback of manual
monitoring and management of the library system. In this
paper we are using RFID based system for smart monitoring
and management of the system which includes an entry-exit
record system, an android application and book transaction
and verification system. This system ensures searching, self-
borrowing and returning library material any time.
A. Entry-exit module:
The monitoring system is helpful to automate the entry-exit
of students and to keep the live count of the students present
in the library. The tags having unique identification are
attached on the ID cards of students. The RFID reader will be
at the door. Reader will scan and verify the RFID tag on the
ID card. If student is not having an ID card then it will raise
an alarm. If verification is successful then it will mark the
entry of student on the server and it will record and store the
date and time at real time. This will keep live count of
students in the library. This will avoid manual intervention.
Student will not be able to enter the library without an ID
card and without marking the entry. When the tag is scanned
twice it will delete the entry and mark the exit with date and
time and update the database. This will remove the drawback
of manual entry recording in the register and will store and
give accurate details of the students.

3. International Journal of Engineering and Techniques – Volume5 Issue6 December2019
Figure 1:Flow diagram for entry system.
Figure 2:Flow diagram for exit system.
B. Android Application:
Also we are proposing an user interface probably an android
application which will help students to search the books from
anywhere which are currently available in the library. The
student will have an unique ID which will be used by the
student to register or login on the application. Then student
can search any book from anywhere. The application will
give recommendations based on the ratings and current
searches. Also, it will take into account the past history and
searches of the user, thus making it predict user’s choice
more accurately. Then the location of the book in the shelf
will be provided.
Figure 3:Flow diagram for android application.
C. Issue and return of book:
For issue, renew or return process, student does not need to
carry the library card and librarian does not need to carry out
the book transaction process. So this will automate the whole
process of library management by removing the manual
interference. For any transaction process, student needs to
enter an unique identification number. Then student has to
scan the book which he wants to issue or return or renew.
Then student has to select the appropriate option for
transaction i.e. issue, renew or return. The database will be
updated. The main feature of our system is verification.
Verification ensures that the student does not leave the
library without issuing the library material. So this will avoid
the misplacement and theft of the books.
Figure 4:Flow diagram for issue and return system.

4. International Journal of Engineering and Techniques – Volume5 Issue6 December2019
Three main parts in a passive RFID system are – an RFID
reader or interrogator, an RFID antenna, and RFID tags.
Unlike active RFID tags, passive RFID tags only have
two main components – the tag’s antenna and the
microchip or integrated circuit (IC). As the name implies,
passive tags wait for a signal from an RFID reader. The
reader sends energy to an antenna which converts that
energy into an RF wave that is sent into the read zone.
Once the tag is read within the read zone, the RFID tag’s
internal antenna draws in energy from the RF waves. The
energy moves from the tag’s antenna to the IC and
powers the chip which generates a signal back to the RF
system. This is called backscatter. The backscatter, or
change in the electromagnetic or RF wave, is detected by
the reader (via the antenna), which interprets the
information.
V. METHODOLOGY
In this system we are using two algorithms:
A. Collaborative Filtering:
Collaborative Filtering is a technique of making automatic
predictions based on the current searches been carried out in
real- time. Using this technique in the library management
system, we can predict what type of book user would be
looking for and accordingly he would be recommended.
Also, this algorithm will take into account the past history
and searches of the user, thus making it predict user’s choice
more accurately.
B. Jaccard Indexing Coefficient of Similarity:
Jaccard Indexing is a prediction technique which is based
upon the intersection of two entity sets, and the outcome set
is recommended. In our system, one set can be considered as
the past history or the wishlist of the user. This is user’s
personal interests, what types of books he reads, what current
scenario is going in the market, etc. The second set is the
current real- time purchases going on. This may change
according to different seasons ( include exam time, new
literatures made available, etc. ).
VI. CONCLUSION
This system tries to fully automate the library management
and monitoring. Hence modifies the traditional library
management system by minimizing the manual intervention.
RFID based smart library management and monitoring
system uses UHF (Ultra High Frequency) RFID tags and
sensors. This system also helps to automate and monitor
student’s entry and exit activities without much manual
intervention. This system also includes an user interface for
students. Smart library management system allows fast
transaction of books and will make easy to handle activities
like issue and return of books from library.
VII. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We are grateful to our Department of Computer Science &
Technology for their support and for providing us an
opportunity to review such an interesting topic. While
reading and searching concerning this subject we tend to
learn concerning varied vital and interesting facts
REFERENCES
[1]Website:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiofrequency_ide
ntification.
[2] Shun-Dao Xie, Rong-Jun CHEN, and HongZhou TAN”
Design of Internet of Things System for Library Materials
Management Using UHF RFID”.
[3] NorsaidahMuhamadNadzir, M.K.A.Rahim and F.Zubir
“Wireless Sensor Node with UHF RFID for Monitoring
System” 2017 IEEE.
[4] Sree Lakshmi Addepalli ,SreeGowriAddepalli “Library
Management System Using RFID Technology” International
Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies,
Vol. 5 (6) , 2014 [2] .
[5] Madhur Gupta, Sneha Sanjay Jadhav, Vydeki D “Smart
Library Book Management System” International Journal of
Engineering Research in Electrical and Electronic
Engineering (IJEREEE) Vol3, Issue 5, May 2017.
[6] Jin Feng Zhang and Chang Ji Wen “The University
Library Management System Based on Radio Frequency
Identification” 2017 IEEE.

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