Pig value chain and African swine fever mitigation

Pig value chain and African swine fever mitigation:
a call to rally cross-program collaboration
Jean-Baka Domelevo Entfellner, Vish Nene, Lucilla Steinaa, Edward Okoth Abworo,
Emily Ouma, Anna Lacasta, Naftaly Githaka
ILRI Institute Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 17-19 September 2019

ASF etiology and symptoms
The culprit -
lasts for
months in
jambons!
African swine fever – threatening a
~$150 billion global industry

Rapid global spread of African swine fever
(Africa, Asia, Europe)
S1 2009

S1 2014

S1 2019

• African swine fever is present in about 26 countries in Africa.
Multiple genotypes of the virus are present.
• Large double-stranded DNA virus, related to pox viruses.
• Wildlife reservoir in Africa: warthogs, bushpigs.
Ornithodoros soft ticks can transmit ASFV.
• Impact on individuals is high: eradication of whole herds.
Many women pig smallholders.
• Prevalence is under-estimated (sell quick, rather than report)
ASF in Africa

The cross-program opportunities – pigs do fly!
livelihoods
host
genomics
tick host
biosecurity
gender
markets
vaccine
dvpt
feed
ASFV
genomics

Gender, pig diseases and husbandry
Women play a key role in
the application of
biosecurity
Pigs a direct source of
household cash
(“ATM of the poor”)
Empowering women in
urban/semi-urban areas

ASFV transmission and pig value chain
A key driver of
disease spread is
the social network
with actors of the
trade node
contributing the
most (traders,
transporters and
butchers)

ASF genomics
• genotyping the virus
• understanding the genetic
determinants of virulence level
• phylogeographics: co-study of viral
evolution and geographic spread
• charting the specificity of our local,
high-virulence genotypes IX and X

Neighbor-Joining tree depicting the p72 gene relationships
and geographical distribution of the major ASFV genotypes
p72 gene
CAM/1/02
CAM/4/85
GHA/1/02
LIS/60
NIG/1/01
ANG/70
IC/2/96
BEN/1/97
SPEC/205
SPEC/209
Mkuzi/79
I
MOZ/1/02
MOZ/1/05
LUS1/93
MOZ/2/02
MOZ/1/03
II
RSA/5/95
SPEC/257
RSA/3/03
RSA/Warmbaths
III
MOZ/1979
MAL/1/02
MOZ/1960
Tengani/62
V
MOZ/8/94
SPEC265
MOZ/1/94
VI
RSA/3/04/
RSA/Warthog
RSA/1/99/W
IV
RSA/2/96
RSA/2/03
RSA/3/96
RSA/1/04
XIX
Lillie
RSA/1/95 XX
XIIIRSA/1/03
RSA/4/95
RSA/1/98
SPEC/154
VII
XIVNYA/12
TAN/2/03
TAN/1/03 XVI
XVTAN/1/01
XIIISUM/14/11
XIIMZI/1/92
XIKAB/6/2
MCH/1/89
MCH/3/89
BAN/1/91
DED/1/89
LIL/20/2
DOWA
CHJ/1/89
KLI/2/88
PHW/1/88
TMB/1/89
VIII
UGA/1/95
KEN/5/01 IX
BUR/1/84
BUR/1/90
Kenya/50
X
100
79
74
57
91
0.005
Molecular Epidemiology

Neighbor-Joining tree depicting the p72 gene relationships
and geographical distribution of the major ASFV genotypes
CAM/1/02
CAM/4/85
GHA/1/02
LIS/60
NIG/1/01
ANG/70
IC/2/96
BEN/1/97
SPEC/205
SPEC/209
Mkuzi/79
I
MOZ/1/02
MOZ/1/05
LUS1/93
MOZ/2/02
MOZ/1/03
II
RSA/5/95
SPEC/257
RSA/3/03
RSA/Warmbaths
III
MOZ/1979
MAL/1/02
MOZ/1960
Tengani/62
V
MOZ/8/94
SPEC265
MOZ/1/94
VI
RSA/3/04/
RSA/Warthog
RSA/1/99/W
IV
RSA/2/96
RSA/2/03
RSA/3/96
RSA/1/04
XIX
Lillie
RSA/1/95 XX
XIIIRSA/1/03
RSA/4/95
RSA/1/98
SPEC/154
VII
XIVNYA/12
TAN/2/03
TAN/1/03 XVI
XVTAN/1/01
XIIISUM/14/11
XIIMZI/1/92
XIKAB/6/2
MCH/1/89
MCH/3/89
BAN/1/91
DED/1/89
LIL/20/2
DOWA
CHJ/1/89
KLI/2/88
PHW/1/88
TMB/1/89
VIII
UGA/1/95
KEN/5/01 IX
BUR/1/84
BUR/1/90
Kenya/50
X
100
79
74
57
91
0.005
p72 gene
Molecular Epidemiology

Vaccine development
• identify and try subunit viral
proteins eliciting immune reaction
• get an attenuated, safe virus as a
vaccine candidate
• using modern genome editing
(CRISR-Cas9 + synthetic biology)
• more diversity means different
types of vaccine to be developed
for Africa

Host genomics
• genes involved in the
response of the pig to ASFV?
• why do some pigs seem
asymptomatic?
• how come warthogs are unaffected
by ASFV (natural reservoir)?
• can warthog genomics help us help
the pigs?

The tick host
• what is the life cycle of ASFV
in the tick?
• can we disrupt it?
• Kapiti a great sampling field!
• establishing new tick lines
(Naftaly)
soft tick Ornithodoros moubata

They helped get this pitch – or would get involved in such a project, isn’t it?
Too many to name them all!
• Jean-Baka Domelevo Entfellner
• Vish Nene
• Edward Okoth
• Sam Oyola
• Lucilla Steinaa
• Emily Ouma
• Naftaly Githaka
• Raphael Mrode
• Christian Tiambo
• Roger Pelle
ILRI scientists in the picture
• Hussein Abkallo
• Anna Lacasta
• Elise Schieck
• Nicholas Svitek
• Sonal Henson
• Nicoline de Haan
• Karl Rich
• etc…
• YOU!!!

This presentation is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence.
better lives through livestock
ilri.org
ILRI thanks all donors and organizations which globally support its work through their contributions
to the CGIAR Trust Fund

Pig value chain and African swine fever mitigation

Recommandé

Recommandé

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Tendances (18)

Similaire à Pig value chain and African swine fever mitigation

Similaire à Pig value chain and African swine fever mitigation (20)

Plus de ILRI

Plus de ILRI (20)

Dernier

Dernier (20)

Pig value chain and African swine fever mitigation