1. 1
USUL FIQH 2
PRINCIPLES OF
ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE
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2. THE SUNNAH
THE SECOND SOURCE
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3. 1) DEFINITION OF THE SUNNAH
2) JUSTIFICATION OF SUNNAH AS A SOURCE OF LAW
3) CLASSIFICATION OF SUNNAH
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4. DEFINITION OF THE SUNNAH
LITERAL MEANING
WELL-KNOWN PATH
EXAMPLE:
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5. TECHNICAL MEANINGS OF SUNNAH
DEFINITION OF THE SUNNAH
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6. DEFINITION OF THE SUNNAH
TECHNICAL MEANINGS
FIRST: FROM THE VIEW OF FIQHI
SUPEREROGATORY ACTS [SADAQAH TO THE POOR, TWO
RAK’AS BEFORE THE FAJR PRAYER OR AFTER ZUHR]
RECOMMENDED ACTS OF WORSHIP [ONE WHO PERFORMS IT
IS ENTITLED TO THAWAB, BUT ONE WHO DOES NOT, IS NOT
SUBJECT TO BLAME]
ANTONYM OF BID’AH (INNOVATION). INNOVATIONS IN THE
MATTERS OF RELIGION IS MOT LEGAL ACCORDING TO THE
QURAN AND THE SUNNAH.
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7. DEFINITION OF THE SUNNAH
SECOND: FROM THE VIEW OF USULIS:
“WHAT WAS TRANSMITTED FROM MESSENGER
OF ALLAH (PEACE BE ON HIM) OF HIS WORDS,
ACTS AND APPROVALS (TACIT)”
TECHNICAL MEANINGS
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8. FROM THE VIEW OF THE MUHADDITHEEN
(THE SCHOLARS OF HADITH)
FIRSTLY: AL-SUNNAH SYNONIM TO AL-HADITH
 “WHAT WAS TRANSMITTED FROM THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH
(PEACE BE ON HIM) OF HIS WORDS, ACTS , APPROVALS (TACIT)
AND DESCRIPTION OF HIS SIFAAT (FEATURES) MEANING HIS
PHYSICAL APPEARANCE”
***However, Physical Appearance Of The Prophet Is Not Included In The Definition Used By The Jurists.
TECHNICAL MEANINGS
DEFINITION OF THE SUNNAH
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9. SECONDLY: AL-HADITH BROADER THAN AL-SUNNAH
THE MUHADDITHEEN (THE SCHOLARS OF HADITH)
WAS USED THE TERM HADITH SOMETIMES IN MUCH
BROADER SENSE TO COVER THE NARRATIONS ABOUT
THE COMPANIONS [OF THE PROPHET] "
‫حديث‬
‫موقوف‬
"
AND SUCCESSORS [TO THE COMPANIONS] "
‫حديث‬
‫مقطوع‬
“ AS WELL.
***Some jurist has used the term hadith in very wide sense of the report including reported from
PBUH, sahabah, tabie
‫حديث‬
‫مقطوع‬
‫حديث‬
‫موقوف‬
‫السنة‬
‫الحديث‬
DEFINITION OF THE SUNNAH
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10. JUSTIFICATION OF SUNNAH AS A SOURCE OF LAW
THE MEANING OF JUSTIFICATION OF SUNNAH:
IT IS AN OBLIGATORY FOR US TO FOLLOW THE SUNNAH
JUSTIFICATION OF SUNNAH
AS A SOURCE OF LAW
The Sunnah is unanimously accepted as primary source of Islamic Law and
ahkam can be derived from it.
The jurists has provide transmitted as well as rational arguments for its justification.
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11. JUSTIFICATION OF SUNNAH AS A SOURCE OF LAW
 WRITE DOWN 3 OF THE VERSES.
FROM THE QURAN
DIRECTLY:
A NUMBER OF VERSES IN THE QURAN THAT INDICATE DEFINITELY
THAT THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (PEACE BE ON HIM) IS TO BE
FOLLOWED.
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12. FROM THE QURAN
 INDIRECTLY:
 WHAT THE PROPHET LAYS DOWN AS LAW IS BASED UPON REVELATION.
 THE PROPHET’S TASK (ELABORATING THE MEANING OF QURAN)
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13. CLASSIFICATION/KINDS OF SUNNAH
The Sunnah is classified in two ways:
1) The sunnah according to its nature: we look at the channels through
which the ahkam are established (Sunnah according to its nature)
2) The sunnah according to its written record: respect to its modes of
transmission.
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14. 1) Al-Sunnah Al-Qawliyah
2) Al-Sunnah Al-Fiíliyyah
3) Al-Sunnah Al-Taqririyyah
Kinds of Sunnah with respect to
its nature.
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15. Al-Sunnah Al-Qawliyah
The saying of the prophet through he intended the
laying down of the law or the explanation of the ahkam
It is to be noted that not every saying of the prophet is a source of law. To become a source of law,
the purpose of saying should be the laying down of the law or its elaboration
* term hadith is used not merely for the sayings of the prophet PBUH but for the entire written record.
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16. EXAMPLE OF SUNNAH QAWLIYAH :
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17. Al-Sunnah Al-Fi’liyyah
First: The acts that do not have a legal content
do not become a source of law
do not indicate recommendation or obligation
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18. A) Ordinary physical acts performed by every human being.
Example: eating, drinking, the way he dress
‫الدباء‬
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19. Al-Sunnah Al-Fi’liyyah…
B) Acts that pertain to his experience as a human being
Example: organizing of the army, war tactics, trading skills
etc
C) Acts that are specific to the Prophet
Example: the number of his marriage, Obligation of
Qiyamullail
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20. Al-Sunnah Al-Fi’liyyah
Second: The acts of the Prophet having a legal
content
become a source of law
Example: the acts of his prayer. After his saying:
“Pray as you see me praying”
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21. Al-Sunnah Al-Taqririyyah
The maintenance of SILENCE by the Prophet
without expressing disapproval.
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22. Kinds of Sunnah with respect to
its modes of transmission.
1)Hadith Mutawatir
2)Hadith Ahad
***But the Hanafi jurists added a third category
called Hadith Mashhur
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23. 1) Hadith Mutawatir
Reported by such a large number of people that
their agreement to propagate a falsehood cannot
be conceived
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24. 2) Hadith Ahad
Reported by one or two and the narrators
do not reach the level of tawatur
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25. SUNNAH
NATURE
SUNNAH
QAWLIYYAH
SUNNAH
FI’LIYYAH
SUNNAH
TARIRIYYAH
TRANSMISSION
SUNNAH
MUTAWATIR
KHABAR
WAHID
SUNNAH
MASHHUR
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26. ‫شكرا‬
 IMRAN AHSAN KHAN NYAZEE. (2003). ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE. MALAYSIA: THE OTHER PRESS. PG162-182
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