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peter	
  brantley	
   	
      	
     	
     	
  if	
  book	
  then	
  
internet	
  archive 	
        	
     	
     	
  2012	
  summer	
  edition	
  
san	
  francisco	
  ca 	
     	
     	
     	
  milan,	
  italty	
  
 The	
  internet	
  is	
  the	
  largest	
  public	
  works	
  
    project	
  that	
  the	
  world	
  has	
  ever	
  seen.	
  
The	
  future	
  of	
  all	
  publishing	
  is	
  increasingly	
  
defined	
  by	
  efforts	
  of	
  technology	
  firms,	
  not	
  	
  
by	
  publishers.	
  	
  
 Apple,	
  Amazon,	
  Google,	
  MSFT	
  present	
  
    comprehensive,	
  proprietary	
  consumer-­‐
    facing	
  content	
  distribution	
  platforms.	
  
 These	
  U.S.	
  west	
  coast	
  firms	
  have	
  created	
  
    content	
  catalogs	
  (iTunes,	
  Google	
  Play)	
  
    spanning	
  films,	
  games,	
  music,	
  and	
  books,	
  
    supported	
  by	
  mobile	
  OS	
  (iOS,	
  Android,	
  	
  
    Win	
  8),	
  with	
  tablets	
  and	
  mobile	
  phones.	
  	
  
 These	
  silos	
  exist	
  because	
  …	
  of	
  the	
  web.	
  	
  

	
  These	
  companies	
  (at	
  heart)	
  are	
  network	
  
    platforms	
  that	
  rely	
  on	
  the	
  monetization	
  
    of	
  web	
  traffic.	
  
 In	
  publishing,	
  post	
  20	
  years	
  of	
  “network	
  
    industrialization,”	
  the	
  web	
  enables	
  new	
  
    forms	
  of	
  content	
  to	
  be	
  developed,	
  and	
  
    new	
  authoring	
  platforms	
  to	
  be	
  created.	
  	
  
IDPF,	
  	
  W3C,	
  and	
  the	
  Readium	
  Project:	
  

  	
  Standards	
  organization	
  collaborate	
  to	
  
      deliver	
  browser-­‐based	
  reading.	
  	
  
Platform	
  level	
  collaborative	
  authoring,	
  
sophisticated	
  content	
  management.	
  

e.g. 	
  Inkling	
  Habitat	
  and	
  	
  
 	
   	
  Nature	
  Education	
  Interactive	
  Textbooks	
  
Rapid	
  advances	
  in	
  authoring	
  systems	
  
permit	
  multimedia	
  writing	
  with	
  little	
  
technical	
  expertise	
  
Examples	
  include:	
  

 	
  	
  Aerbook	
  Maker	
  
 	
  	
  Vook	
  
 	
  	
  Pressbooks	
  
 	
  	
  The	
  Atavist.	
  
Readlists	
  from	
  Arc90	
  

  	
  A	
  Readlist	
  is	
  a	
  group	
  of	
  web	
  pages—articles,	
  
      recipes,	
  course	
  materials,	
  anything—bundled	
  
      into	
  an	
  e-­‐book	
  you	
  can	
  send	
  to	
  your	
  Kindle,	
  
      iPad,	
  or	
  iPhone.	
  
STM	
  increasingly	
  “push	
  to	
  publish”:	
  

WordPress	
  :	
  Annotum	
  >	
  PLoS	
  Currents	
  	
  

  	
  An	
  open-­‐source,	
  open-­‐process,	
  open-­‐access	
  
      scholarly	
  authoring	
  and	
  publishing	
  platform	
  
      based	
  on	
  WordPress	
  
 Expensive	
  commercial	
  publishing	
  
    infrastructures	
  are	
  out	
  of	
  date,	
  and	
  
    affordances	
  no	
  longer	
  as	
  valued.	
  	
  
“…	
  [t]o	
  shut	
  down	
  the	
  operating	
  system	
  of	
  
  print-­‐organized	
  scholarly	
  research	
  and	
  
  communication.”	
  
  	
     	
     	
  -­‐	
  Jerome	
  McGann,	
  Profession	
  2011,	
  pp.	
  182–195	
  (14)	
  
PeerJ	
  (Peter	
  Binfield,	
  Jason	
  Hoyt):	
  	
  

  	
  $99,	
  $169,	
  $259	
  lifetime	
  membership.	
  

  	
  Scholars	
  must	
  contribute	
  annually	
  in	
  review,	
  
      comment,	
  or	
  submission	
  to	
  maintain	
  status.	
  	
  	
  
Easy	
  to	
  play	
  in	
  the	
  “adult”	
  world:	
  

  	
  Has	
  an	
  ISSN,	
  will	
  assign	
  DOIs,	
  use	
  ORCID.	
  	
  
  	
  Will	
  archive	
  in	
  CLOCKSS,	
  PubMedCentral.	
  
 “…	
  [w]e	
  have	
  a	
  new	
  type	
  of	
  publication	
  model	
  
    which	
  allows	
  us	
  to	
  knowingly	
  strip	
  out	
  what	
  is	
  
    extraneous	
  to	
  the	
  process	
  of	
  publication,	
  
    allowing	
  us	
  to	
  pass	
  those	
  savings	
  back	
  to	
  the	
  
    customers	
  (the	
  authors).”	
  	
  

	
           	
  -­‐	
  Pete	
  Binfield,	
  PeerJ	
  
  	
  	
     	
  	
      	
  http://scienceblogs.com/confessions/2012/06/12/interview-­‐with-­‐peter-­‐binfield-­‐and-­‐jason-­‐hoyt-­‐of-­‐peerj/	
  
 Gold	
  Open	
  Access,	
  CC-­‐BY,	
  	
  
	
  authors	
  retain	
  copyright.	
  	
  

	
  PloS	
  One,	
  Hindawi,	
  BMC,	
  PeerJ,	
  but	
  also	
  
    supported	
  by	
  mainstream	
  publishers	
  e.g.	
  
    Springer.	
  	
  
 Re-­‐consideration	
  of	
  curation,	
  peer	
  review.	
  	
  

	
  Open	
  submission	
  over	
  selection	
  (PLoS	
  One,	
  
    PeerJ,	
  arXiv).	
  	
  Open	
  peer	
  review	
  over	
  closed	
  
    (BMC,	
  PeerJ).	
  	
  

	
  “Altmetrics”	
  used	
  to	
  define	
  worth.	
  	
  
 “Biggest	
  development	
  in	
  scholarly	
  
    communication	
  isn't	
  a	
  [business]	
  model	
  but	
  
    rather	
  the	
  sense	
  that	
  it's	
  impossible	
  to	
  
    judge	
  importance	
  ahead	
  of	
  time”	
  

	
   	
  -­‐	
  Dan	
  Cohen,	
  Center	
  for	
  History	
  and	
  New	
  Media	
  

	
     	
       	
         	
  https://twitter.com/dancohen/status/212717007802601473	
  
 Arguably	
  the	
  ultimate	
  measure	
  of	
  success	
  for	
  
    a	
  journal	
  such	
  as	
  PLoS	
  One	
  is	
  to	
  put	
  itself	
  out	
  
    of	
  business.	
  	
  

	
  Every	
  academic	
  dept	
  …	
  its	
  own	
  journal.	
  	
  
 “We	
  believe	
  that	
  the	
  need	
  for	
  PeerJ,	
  or	
  any	
  
    other	
  publisher,	
  in	
  the	
  future	
  will	
  be	
  to	
  
    provide	
  tools	
  and	
  services	
  that	
  genuinely	
  add	
  
    value	
  to	
  the	
  end-­‐to-­‐end	
  publishing	
  process	
  
    …”	
  

	
   	
                     	
  -­‐	
  Pete	
  Binfield,	
  PeerJ	
  
	
  http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-­‐topic/digital/content-­‐and-­‐e-­‐books/article/52512-­‐scholarly-­‐publishing-­‐2012-­‐meet-­‐peerj.html	
  
 Easy	
  to	
  marry	
  institutional	
  “Green”	
  OA	
  
    repositories	
  with	
  new	
  publishing	
  tools.	
  

	
  arXiv 	
         	
  :	
  physical	
  sciences	
  
	
  SSRN 	
          	
  :	
  social	
  sciences,	
  law	
  
	
  philpapers	
     	
  :	
  philosophy	
  
	
  RePEc 	
         	
  :	
  economics	
  	
  
 With	
  web	
  based	
  tools	
  and	
  services,	
  	
  
  	
  network	
  based	
  economies	
  …	
  	
  

academic/research	
  publishing	
  can	
  “detox”	
  
the	
  system	
  of	
  the	
  money	
  that	
  now	
  runs	
  it.	
  
 Maybe	
  a	
  5-­‐10	
  year	
  transition	
  to	
  ease	
  out	
  
    subventions	
  and	
  migrate	
  to	
  community-­‐	
  
    based	
  publishing.	
  
Every	
  university,	
  its	
  own	
  publishing	
  platform.	
  

Every	
  author,	
  their	
  own	
  publishing	
  tools.	
  	
  
peter	
  brantley	
  

  	
   	
  director,	
  bookserver	
  project	
  
  	
   	
  internet	
  archive	
  

  	
   	
  @naypinya	
  (twitter,	
  gmail)	
  

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Everywhere, Everyone: from Curation to Services

  • 1. peter  brantley          if  book  then   internet  archive        2012  summer  edition   san  francisco  ca        milan,  italty  
  • 2.  The  internet  is  the  largest  public  works   project  that  the  world  has  ever  seen.  
  • 3. The  future  of  all  publishing  is  increasingly   defined  by  efforts  of  technology  firms,  not     by  publishers.    
  • 4.  Apple,  Amazon,  Google,  MSFT  present   comprehensive,  proprietary  consumer-­‐ facing  content  distribution  platforms.  
  • 5.  These  U.S.  west  coast  firms  have  created   content  catalogs  (iTunes,  Google  Play)   spanning  films,  games,  music,  and  books,   supported  by  mobile  OS  (iOS,  Android,     Win  8),  with  tablets  and  mobile  phones.    
  • 6.  These  silos  exist  because  …  of  the  web.      These  companies  (at  heart)  are  network   platforms  that  rely  on  the  monetization   of  web  traffic.  
  • 7.  In  publishing,  post  20  years  of  “network   industrialization,”  the  web  enables  new   forms  of  content  to  be  developed,  and   new  authoring  platforms  to  be  created.    
  • 8. IDPF,    W3C,  and  the  Readium  Project:    Standards  organization  collaborate  to   deliver  browser-­‐based  reading.    
  • 9. Platform  level  collaborative  authoring,   sophisticated  content  management.   e.g.  Inkling  Habitat  and        Nature  Education  Interactive  Textbooks  
  • 10. Rapid  advances  in  authoring  systems   permit  multimedia  writing  with  little   technical  expertise  
  • 11. Examples  include:        Aerbook  Maker        Vook        Pressbooks        The  Atavist.  
  • 12. Readlists  from  Arc90    A  Readlist  is  a  group  of  web  pages—articles,   recipes,  course  materials,  anything—bundled   into  an  e-­‐book  you  can  send  to  your  Kindle,   iPad,  or  iPhone.  
  • 13. STM  increasingly  “push  to  publish”:   WordPress  :  Annotum  >  PLoS  Currents      An  open-­‐source,  open-­‐process,  open-­‐access   scholarly  authoring  and  publishing  platform   based  on  WordPress  
  • 14.  Expensive  commercial  publishing   infrastructures  are  out  of  date,  and   affordances  no  longer  as  valued.    
  • 15. “…  [t]o  shut  down  the  operating  system  of   print-­‐organized  scholarly  research  and   communication.”        -­‐  Jerome  McGann,  Profession  2011,  pp.  182–195  (14)  
  • 16. PeerJ  (Peter  Binfield,  Jason  Hoyt):      $99,  $169,  $259  lifetime  membership.    Scholars  must  contribute  annually  in  review,   comment,  or  submission  to  maintain  status.      
  • 17. Easy  to  play  in  the  “adult”  world:    Has  an  ISSN,  will  assign  DOIs,  use  ORCID.      Will  archive  in  CLOCKSS,  PubMedCentral.  
  • 18.  “…  [w]e  have  a  new  type  of  publication  model   which  allows  us  to  knowingly  strip  out  what  is   extraneous  to  the  process  of  publication,   allowing  us  to  pass  those  savings  back  to  the   customers  (the  authors).”        -­‐  Pete  Binfield,  PeerJ            http://scienceblogs.com/confessions/2012/06/12/interview-­‐with-­‐peter-­‐binfield-­‐and-­‐jason-­‐hoyt-­‐of-­‐peerj/  
  • 19.  Gold  Open  Access,  CC-­‐BY,      authors  retain  copyright.      PloS  One,  Hindawi,  BMC,  PeerJ,  but  also   supported  by  mainstream  publishers  e.g.   Springer.    
  • 20.  Re-­‐consideration  of  curation,  peer  review.      Open  submission  over  selection  (PLoS  One,   PeerJ,  arXiv).    Open  peer  review  over  closed   (BMC,  PeerJ).      “Altmetrics”  used  to  define  worth.    
  • 21.  “Biggest  development  in  scholarly   communication  isn't  a  [business]  model  but   rather  the  sense  that  it's  impossible  to   judge  importance  ahead  of  time”      -­‐  Dan  Cohen,  Center  for  History  and  New  Media          https://twitter.com/dancohen/status/212717007802601473  
  • 22.  Arguably  the  ultimate  measure  of  success  for   a  journal  such  as  PLoS  One  is  to  put  itself  out   of  business.      Every  academic  dept  …  its  own  journal.    
  • 23.  “We  believe  that  the  need  for  PeerJ,  or  any   other  publisher,  in  the  future  will  be  to   provide  tools  and  services  that  genuinely  add   value  to  the  end-­‐to-­‐end  publishing  process   …”        -­‐  Pete  Binfield,  PeerJ    http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-­‐topic/digital/content-­‐and-­‐e-­‐books/article/52512-­‐scholarly-­‐publishing-­‐2012-­‐meet-­‐peerj.html  
  • 24.  Easy  to  marry  institutional  “Green”  OA   repositories  with  new  publishing  tools.    arXiv    :  physical  sciences    SSRN    :  social  sciences,  law    philpapers    :  philosophy    RePEc    :  economics    
  • 25.  With  web  based  tools  and  services,      network  based  economies  …     academic/research  publishing  can  “detox”   the  system  of  the  money  that  now  runs  it.  
  • 26.  Maybe  a  5-­‐10  year  transition  to  ease  out   subventions  and  migrate  to  community-­‐   based  publishing.  
  • 27. Every  university,  its  own  publishing  platform.   Every  author,  their  own  publishing  tools.    
  • 28. peter  brantley      director,  bookserver  project      internet  archive      @naypinya  (twitter,  gmail)