Project Loon is a project by Google that aims to provide internet access to rural and remote areas using balloons floating in the stratosphere. A pilot test was conducted in 2013 in New Zealand using 30 balloons launched from the South Island. The balloons are designed to float in the stratosphere using solar panels and batteries, and can be steered by rising and descending to layers with winds moving in desired directions. They connect to each other and the ground using radio antennas, bouncing signals between balloons and then to the internet on earth. The project aims to provide easy and fast internet access to more people globally.

1. PROJECT LOON
Arya Institute of Engineering Technology
& Management
Submitted To:-
Mrs. Priyanka Gupta
Submitted By:-
Jatin Sharma

2. Content
 Introduction
 Pilot Test
 The Technology
 How Loon Moves
 How Loon Designed
 How Loon Connects
 ISM Bands
 Advantages
 Disadvantages

3. “Balloon-Powered Internet for Everyone”

4. PROJECT LOON
Project Loon is a network of balloons traveling on the edge
of space, designed to connect people in rural and remote
areas.

5. THE PILOT TEST
 Project Loon starts in June 2013 with an experimental pilot in New Zealand. A small group of
Project Loon pioneers will test the technology in Christchurch and Canterbury.
 30 balloons, launched from New Zealand’s South Island.
 The experience of these pilot testers will be used to refine the technology and shape the next
phase of Project Loon.

6. The Pilot Test in Canterbury

7. THE TECHNOLOGY
 Project Loon balloons float in the stratosphere, twice as high as airplanes and the weather.
 They are carried around the Earth by winds and they can be steered by rising or descending to
an altitude with winds moving in the desired direction.
 People connect to the balloon network using a special Internet antenna attached to their
building.
 The signal bounces from balloon to balloon, then to the global Internet back on Earth.

8. Stratosphere
 Situated between 10 km and 60 km altitude on the edge of space.
 Air pressure is 1% of that at sea level.
 Thinner atmosphere offers less protection from the UV radiation and temperature caused by the
sun’s rays.

9. HOW LOON MOVES
 Winds in the stratosphere are generally steady and slow-moving at between 5 and 20 mph, and
each layer of wind varies in direction.
 Project Loon uses software algorithms to determine where its balloons need to go, then moves
each one into a layer of wind blowing in the right direction.
 By moving with the wind, the balloons can be arranged to form one large communications
network.

10. How Loons Moves in Stratosphere

11. HOW LOON IS DESIGNED
 ENVELOPE
 SOLAR PANELS
 EQUIPMENT

12. Component
 Envelope
 Solar panels
 Equipment

13. ENVELOPE
 Project Loon’s balloon envelopes are made from sheets of polyethylene plastic and stand
fifteen meters wide by twelve meters tall when fully inflated.
 A parachute attached to the top of the envelope allows for a controlled descent and landing
whenever a balloon is ready to be taken out of service.

14. SOLAR PANELS
 Each unit’s electronics are powered by an array of solar panels that sits between the envelope
and the hardware.
 In full sun, these panels produce 100 Watts of power - enough to keep the unit running while
also charging a battery for use at night.
 By moving with the wind and charging in the sun, Project Loon is able to power itself using
only renewable energy sources.

15. EQUIPMENT
 A small box containing the balloon’s electronic equipment.
 This box contains circuit boards that control the system.
 Radio antennas to communicate with other balloons and with Internet antennas on the ground.
 And batteries to store solar power so the balloons can operate during the night.

16. HOW LOON CONNECTS
 Each balloon can provide connectivity to a ground area about 40 km in diameter at speeds
comparable to 3G.
 Each balloon is equipped with a GPS for tracking its location.

17. HOW LOON CONNECTS
 Three radio transceivers.
 balloon-to-balloon communications.
 balloon-to-ground communication.
 third for backup.
 The balloons use antennas equipped with specialized radio frequency technology.
 Project Loon currently uses ISM bands that are available for anyone to use.

18. Loons Connection

19. ISM BANDS
 The industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands.
 Radio bands reserved internationally for the use of radio frequency (RF) energy for industrial,
scientific and medical purposes other than communications.

20. Advantages
 Easy to use.
 Speed.
 Increasing Internet usage.

21. Disadvantages
 Cost.
 Maintenance.
 Balloon can work for few week only.

22. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 http://www.google.com/loon/
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectloon
 http://www.youtube.com/googleloon

23. THANK YOU