3. Breathing- It is a process in which
oxygen enters the body of an
animal and burns the food to
produce energy. During this
process carbon dioxide is
released from the animal body.
4. LUNGS- Lungs help animals to
take oxygen from the air , into the
blood stream.
Lungs have blood vessels that help
in absorbing oxygen from the
inhaled air.
5. Carbon dioxide from the body is
released in the lungs and oxygen is
absorbed.
Once the oxygen reaches the blood, it
is supplied to all body parts.
Eg- birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians
8. Aquatic animals take the oxygen
dissolved in water.
For this they have a special organ
called gills.
Gills have fine blood vessels where
exchange of gases take place.
Eg- fish, crabs, tadpoles etc.
10. Spiracles are the tiny air holes through which
oxygen is supplied directly to the body parts of
an insect.
The oxygen is supplied directly to the body
parts because insects are bloodless creatures.
The insects have a network of air tubes called
tracheae that directly deliver oxygen to the
body parts.
Eg- cockroaches, grasshoppers etc.
12. Mostly amphibians breathe through
moist skin when they are in water.
Other than amphibians earthworms
and newts also breathe through moist
skin.
14. The blood contains an oxygen
carrying pigment called
haemoglobin, which gives it red
colour.
15. FOOD- Animals eat food to get nutrients
and energy to grow and perform various
activities.
Food also keeps the body healthy and
strong.
Different animals eat different types of
food hence they possess special features
for feeding.
16. The teeth and mouth of the animals are adapted
to the type of food they eat.
Types of Teeth
Incisors- Biting teeth
Canines- Tearing teeth
Pre-molars- Cracking Teeth
Molars- Grinding teeth
18. HERBIVORES- The animals that feed upon
plant and plant products are called herbivores.
Eg.- cow, elephant, giraffe etc.
They have sharp incisors to cut the food and flat,
broad molars to grind and chew the food.
19. Some herbivores nibble at food. They use their
small and sharp incisors to at their food.
Eg.- squirrels, rabbit
20. The animals that feed on flesh of other
animals are known as carnivores.
Eg.- tiger, lion, wolves etc.
They have strong and sharp claws to
catch and hold the prey.
They have sharp and pointed canines to
tear the flesh and strong molars to chew
the meat.
22. Snakes- Snakes do not have biting and
chewing teeth so they eat their prey whole.
They have small hook like teeth that help in
holding the prey while swallowing.
They have false teeth or fangs in their upper
jaw.
23. Frogs- They have long sticky tongue to catch
the prey. In frogs the tongue is fixed in the
front and free at the back. So they stick out
their tongue to catch the prey and then fold it
back.
Eagles, vultures, and kites have talons to catch
their prey. They also have sharp and hooked
beaks to tear the flesh.
25. The animals that eat plants and flesh both are
called omnivores. They have sharp incisors and
broad molars to eat both kind of food.
Eg.- bear, crow, pigs etc.
26. Mosquitoes and butterflies have piercing
needle like structure called proboscis that help
butterflies in sucking nectar from flower and it
helps mosquitoes to suck blood.
proboscis
27. Birds have different types of beaks and claws
to catch and eat their food.
Eg- Storks have sharp dagger-like beaks to
catch fish.
Parrots have sharp claws and curved beaks to
hold hard fruits, nuts and eat them.
28. Animals move from one place to another
place in search of food, shelter, breeding
ground and to escape from their enemies.
Animals living in different habitats have
different means to move from one to
another place.
29. Terrestrial Animals- They use their forelimbs
and hind limbs for movement.
Reptiles- They crawl on land
with the help of four short legs
. Eg.- lizards, crocodiles, turtles.
Crocodile with short legs
forelimbs
Hind limbs
Short legs
30. Snakes have scaleson the underside of their
body which help them in movement.
Insects- They move with the help of legs or
wings.
Ants and cockroaches have six legs to move.
Snakes with scales
Dragon fly with legs
and wings
Cockroach with six legs
31. Most aquatic animals have fins, flippers and
tail for movement.
Fish have streamlined body to swim fast, side
fins for maintaining balance and tail fin to
change direction.
32. Turtles and penguins have
flippersto move in water.
Frogs and ducks have webbed
feet to paddle and swim in
water.
Webbed
feet
33. Birds fly in the air with the help of their
wings that are covered with feathers
The wings are modified forelimbs that
remains attached to the chest with the help
of muscles.
Wings with feathers
Wings attached
to chest
Hind limbs
34. Birds use their hind limbs to land, perch, walk,
run or hop.
Birds are light weighted and they have hollow
bones.
It helps them to fly easily.
Bird on perch
Bird on walk
35. All birds have wings and feathers but all of
them cannot fly. They are called flightless
birds.
They have large body and small wings which
do not support their weight during flight.
Penguin Kiwi Emu
36. Insects like butterflies, bees, houseflies
can also fly with their wings.
Wings of insects do not have bones and
feathers
37. Incisors are known as biting teeth.
Herbivores have sharp and pointed canines.
The mouth of a bird is called proboscis.
Penguin’s flippers are actually short and strong
wings.
Ostrich and emu cannot fly because they do
not have wings.
38. The mass movement of animals from one place
to another in search of food, favourable weather
conditions or breeding ground is called
migration.
Many animals migrate regularly to a particular
place at a particular time to give birth to new
ones. These places are called breeding grounds.
They come back to their natural habitats once
their young ones are mature enough.
39. Animals migrate from colder regions to
warmer places in extreme winter due to lack of
food.
Some animals migrate in summer also.
Stork and sandpiper migrate to India from
different countries.
40. Arctic Tern makes the longest migration.
It flies from Arctic Ocean to Antarctica
and returns back later later, twice a year.
It travels a distance of approximately
1700kms each way.
41. Orange and Black Monarch Butterfly flies every year
in winter from Canada to Mexico and California.
Locusts migrate in swarms in search of food. They
cause destruction to standing crops.
Whales moves from colder part of the ocean to the
warmer part to give birth to their young ones
42. Some animals sleep throughout the winter to
avoid the harsh weather conditions. This
process is called hibernation. The deep sleep
lasts for several months.
During hibernation the heart beats slow and
the body temperature of the animal also drops.
Eg.- snakes, ground squirrels, bats, frogs etc.
43. During winter bears sleep a lot but they
do not hibernate. They sleep for long
hours but can be awaken. This sleeping
pattern is called torpor.
44. The long sleeping pattern of animals
during summer is called aestivation.
Eg- bees, frogs, snails etc.