1.
Smile Toilet Project
HOMABAY COUNTY, KENYA
Japan Habitat Association
and
SAWA YUME KENYA
Presented by: Javan Okello
Bsc. Environmental Health
MBA ( Operations Management)

2.
INTRODUCTION
Smile latrine project is a partnership between SawaYume
Kenya, Japan Habitat Association ( JHA) and the County
Government of Homabay Ministry of Health.
Our aim is to provide sustainable sanitation options to all
Our target population are the people at the bottom of the
pyramid that live in rural and peri-urban areas of Kenya
We currently carry out Community Led Total Sanitation
(CLTS) and Sanitation Marketing activities in Homabay
County

3.
http://www.un.org/sustainable
development/water-and-
sanitation/
By 2030, achieve access to
adequate and equitable sanitation
and hygiene for all and end open
defecation, paying special attention
to the needs of women and girls and
those in vulnerable situations
Support and strengthen the
participation of local
communities in improving
water and sanitation
management
Targets

4.
Rural Sanitation Situation in Kenya
 47% of Rural dwellers in Kenya have no access
to improved sanitation
 17 % share latrines
 16% are open defecators (using bush or fields)
 Kenya has only allocated 0.2 percent of
GDP to sanitation as compared to the
global target of 0.9 percent and eThekwini
Declaration commitment of at least 0.5
percent of GDP to sanitation and
hygiene
 Rate of attainment of the universal accessto
improved sanitation 0.75%
 At this rate it would take us 133 years to
achieve our target

5.
Impact of poor sanitation in Kenya
 Unsafewater and sanitation (5.3 percent) is the second
leading riskfactorand contributor to all mortality (deaths) and
morbidity burden (DALY) in Kenya 1
 More than 50% of the population, is at risk of diseases and death,
attributable to unsafe water and sanitation
 Diarrheal diseases contributes to at least 40% of deaths
among under-five children. 2
 Economically, Kenya loses an estimated KES 27 billion (USD
365 million) annually ( 1% GDP) due to poor sanitation. Open
defecation costs Kenya US$ 88 millionper year. 3

6.
WELCOME TO HOMABAY COUNTY

7.
⇦
Homabay County, Western Kenya on Lake Victoria

8.
Population (2009 Census) 963,794
Major economic activities Agriculture and Fishing
% of population on permanent employment 14%
% living below poverty line 44%
Education
17% have secondary level
20% have no formal education
% of Adult Population with HIV/AIDS 22.1%
% of population with access to improved sources of water 28%
Homa Bay County Profile

9.
Sanitation Challenges
1. Households
without latrines
- Semi-
permanent
house
- With metallic
doors
- With solar
panel on the
roof
- A sizable next
door kitchen
- But no latrine.

10.
Open defecation sites in the village

11.
2. Latrines that do not meet the minimum standards of
improved sanitation

12.
3. Poor hand washing practices

13.
4. Poorly designed / constructed latrines

14.
The intervention

15.
Smile Toilet Project Intervention
 One and a half years ago……..
 With the generous support of Japan Habitat Association. We
launched the smile latrine project in Kamolo Village Homa Bay
County to help communities without latrines construct and use
their own latrines.
 We conducted a baseline survey of the situation of the village
targeting 200 households.
 From the survey only 65% had functional latrines, 35% were
either defecating in bush or sharing with the neighbors
 Among the 65% of the households that had latrines, only 45%
were satisfied with the latrines and would use them constantly
 83% reported the problem of bad smell and houseflies from the
latrine
 About 60% of the surveyed households reported that at least one
or more of the occupants had diarrhea in the previous one month.

16.
Smile Latrine Project
Smile Toilet project combines community led total
sanitation strategies with sanitation marketing to
improve the sanitation situation in the rural
communities
Project components
Community led total sanitation
Sanitation Marketing
Micro-financing and savings

17.
Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS)
 Based on the findings of the baseline we conducted community led total sanitation to sensitize the households
on the importance of building and using their own latrines.
 The training emphasized on behavior and attitude change as key to achieving improved sanitation
Community Mobilization for
Triggering
Demonstration of Fecal
Contamination
Reflection and disgust at the thought
of eating feaces

18.
Advocacy for sanitation
Community Health Volunteers marching during World Toilet Day 2017 to sensitize
people on the importance of toilets

19.
Round Slabs
Square slabs
 We train masons to make concrete slabs that are durable, affordable, easy to clean and are re-usable.
 We use Lixil’s Sato Pan and stool that eliminates bad smell and prevents houseflies from accessing the pit
 Sato Stools allows individuals to sit in the latrine
 We provide hand washing cans and train communities on how to make and use tippy tap
Sanitation Marketing
Women Group
Trained Masons
displaying Lixil Sato Pan
and Stool

20.
Training of Masons

21.
Concrete slabs
Production of reusable concrete slabs

22.
Provision of Hand Washing cans
A CHV delivering Hand
washing can
Making Tippy Tap
Washing hands on the
Tippy Tap

23.
Income Improvement and Micro Finance Groups
 To boost economic income of households we use the shed net technology to grow high impact vegetables that
may be used for family consumption and for sale.
 We have set up micro finance groups to help members save and borrow money to invest in sanitation facilities.
Members are grouped in five and each saves Kshs 100 every week towards latrine construction or upgrading.
Every month they are able to save Kshs 2500 which is then used to provide a latrine slab to one of the members.
Within 5 months all the five members were able to improve their latrines.
Kale grown with organic manureAgricultural training
Shade nets protect vegetables from sun
damage and animals
Micro finance group

24.
Project Achievement After Project
 97% of the village households have functional
latrines
 Advocacy for sanitation has made the county
government to begin constructing public
toilets in two market places that previously
had none
 Cleaner environment without the previously
rampant sighting of openly defecated feces.
 Children now find it easier to go to the latrines
 Hand washing after visiting the latrine is
taking root. About 63 % of households now
have hand washing cans up from 31% from the
baseline survey.

25.
Latrine Transformation

26.
Before Smile Toilet Project intervention
Latrine floorLatrine Super structure

27.
After Smile Toilet Project Intervention
Latrine Super structure Latrine floor

28.
LATRINE EVOLUTION

29.
Next Steps/ Sustainability Plans
 We are now in the process of designing a modern latrine model suitable for
rural communities including both households and schools
 We are looking for micro-finance institutions to help us fund the investments
in water and sanitation to enable rural communities have their dream
sanitary facilities through flexible means of payments ( Installments).
 To operationalize sanitation centers that stock all the sanitation products
and have well trained staff that provide relevant information on the
available and suitable improved sanitation options for rural communities
 To provide desludging and waste treatment services to convert waste
resources into useful products.

30.
The Smile Latrine Project Team