1.
Technology, Complexity & Change:
The Creative Frictions of the Present
Jerry Sheehan, Vice President and Chief Information Officer,
Montana State University
Sponsored Talk for Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology, September 28, 2017

2.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Complicated and Complex
Complicated
Predictable
Complex
Unpredictable

3.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Agenda for Today
• Framework for Contemplating Technological Change
• How Fast is Fast, A Few Examples
• Case Studies of Accelerated Change and
Accompanying Complexity
• CyberWar
• Artificial Intelligence, Machine and Deep Learning
• The Distracted Mind and the iGeneration

4.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
G-Forces and Speed
• G-Forces, where G stands for
gravitational is a measurement
of acceleration that causes a
perception of change of weight.
• You have likely often heard the
term before:
• 0G-no perception of weight
as in space.
• 3G space shuttle during
launch and reentry.
• Humans can only take so much
acceleration before our systems
fail.
Source: https://www.aviationcv.com/aviation-blog/2016/2721
Source: xkcd.com, https://what-if.xkcd.com/116/

5.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Thesis
• Technology is Increasing the Pace of Change and
Allowing More Complex Systems to Be Created
• Complex Systems Are Networked, This Allows
Technological Changes to Have Global Impact
• It Isn’t Clear We Have Developed Systems in Place to
Deal with Rapid Change and Global Breadth of
Technologically Inspired Change
• Could, Should We Be Thinking About a Change-Force,
How Quickly Can Humans Change?

6.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Computational Processing Power
Source: Experts Exchange, http://pages.experts-exchange.com/processing-power-compared/

7.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Technology Enabled Explosion in Content
Data assembled by PresentationLoad, https://www.presentationload.com

8.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
The Speed of Technology Diffusion Has Accelerated

9.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
How Much Do We Use Technology

10.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
The Pace of Change is Different Now

11.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Example One: CyberWar

12.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
CyberWar Definitions
• Cyber Warfare: Cyber warfare involves the actions by a nation-state or international
organization to attack and attempt to damage another nation's computers or
information networks through, for example, computer viruses or denial-of-service
attacks.
• [Source: Rand Corporation]
• Plausible Deniability-”n. Polit. (the possibility of) denying a fact (esp. a discreditable
action) without arousing suspicion; the method of achieving this.
• [Source: Oxford English Dictionary]
• Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) Attack-”A Distributed Denial of Service
(DDoS) attack is an attempt to make an online service unavailable by overwhelming it
with traffic from multiple sources.”
• [Source: Arbor Networks]
• BotNet-”A botnet is an interconnected network of computers infected with malware
without the user's knowledge and controlled by cybercriminals.”
• [Source: Kaspersky.Lab]

13.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Web War 1: Estonia, 2007
Source: http://www.dailydot.com/layer8/web-war-cyberattack-russia-estonia

14.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Botnets
Source: Infographic from PresentationLoad, 2016

15.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
The Estonian Ping of Death
Source: Infographic from GlobalDots

16.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
The Fear of a More Nuclearized Middle East
1981 Operation Opera

17.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
StuxNet
Source: http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/06/01/world/middleeast/how-a-secret-cyberwar-program-worked.html

18.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Retaliation from StuxNet?

19.
Image from Robohut: http://robohub.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/grid-AI.jpg
Example Two: Artificial Intelligence (AI)

20.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning
Artificial Intelligence
Deep Learning
Machine Learning
Source: https://www.qualcomm.com/news/onq/2017/09/01/whats-difference-between-artificial-intelligence-machine-learning-and-deep?cmpid=brfyus1735082

21.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Eras of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and
Deep Learning
Source: What’s the Difference Between Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning, July 29, 2016, Michael Copeland
https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/2016/07/29/whats-difference-artificial-intelligence-machine-learning-deep-learning-ai/

22.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
The Smile Algorithm
Javier Movellan, University of California, San Diego

23.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
AI Saves A Life: One Machine, 20 Million Studies

24.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Machines Are Better Than Man @ Pattern Recognition

25.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
AI Detects Suicidal Ideation

26.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
AI Will Save Lives on American Highways

27.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
AI Beats Us At Our Own Games

28.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
AI Learns to Talk

29.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Humans Have Biases

30.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
What If We Don’t Know How AI Works?

31.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Training Data Can Bias AI

32.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
What if Machine Bias Kept You In Jail?

33.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
AI and Faking the Future
https://www.facebook.com/verge/videos/1569064539796550/

34.
And One More Thing…
Image courtesy of JazJaz at Flickr, https://www.flickr.com/groups/jazjaz/pool

35.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
We Have Been Developing For A While

36.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Let’s Think about a Watering Hole for a Moment

37.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Humans Don’t Multitask
Source: https://i1.wp.com/www.learningspy.co.uk/wp-
content/uploads/2017/01/Screen-Shot-2017-01-23-at-12.32.20.png

38.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Are Our Minds Able to Deal with Our Technologies?

39.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
The iGeneration

40.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Higher Education Isn’t Sure What to Do

41.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Logging In and Zoning Out in the Classroom

42.
Program for Learning and Community Engagement: Science and Technology
Washington State, e-DUI Law
Source: http://getsafeharbor.com/new-driving-law-coming-to-wa-july-23/