2. Vocabulary
• efficient — working or operating quickly and properly in an
organised way
• effective — successful or achieving the results that you want
• industry — the companies and activities involved in the process
of producing goods for sale, especially in a factory or special
area.
• sustainable - causing little or no damage to the environment, and
being able to last for a long time
• decompose — become gradually damaged (into small pieces
or elements) or worse in quality
3. What is ‘Cradle-to-Cradle’
Design?
• A study of design in order to make every
product be designed with this further use!
• design a native of nature!
• from eco-efficiency to eco-effectiveness
4. From Cradle to Grave:
original industrial model
• one-way, linear flow of materials through
industrial systems
• more than 90% of materials extracted to make
durable goods become waste immediately —
only 5% can be made of the product
5. Eco-efficiency?
• Eco-efficiency is calculated by dividing the
‘value’ of a product by its ‘environmental impact’
• The Wuppertal Institute define it as a strategy to
reduce the use of materials in the economy in
order to reduce undesirable environmental
impacts
• It begins with that industry is 100% bad
6. ‘Less Bad’ is No Good
• ‘Small is Beautiful’?
• ‘Downcycle’ — the
inevitable problem of
recycle
• Most of products are
never designed with
this further use
7. So, what is eco-
effectiveness?
• Here are some examples:
• 1. buildings produce more energy than they
consume
• 2. factories that produce effluents that are drinking
water
• 3. when an useful life of products is over, they can
entirely decompose back to nature, or return to
industrial cycles to supply high quality raw materials
for new products
13. 5 steps process
Step 1: Free of known culprits
Step 2: Personal preferences
Step 3: The passive positive list
Step 4: The active positive list
Step 5: Reinvention
14. Question
1. Do you believe that people have to sacrifice their
life quality, such as economy and delights, for a
sustainable life?
2. Do you support that companies provide ‘a
terminable service of a product’ instead of ‘a
product’ to customer is a remedy of waste issue?
3. Do you have any idea of something in our daily
life which can be innovated by ‘cradle-to-cradle’
method?