1.
SHIPHANDLING
• Science Skill
OR
• Art Skill

2.
Shiphandling –
Teamwork ?
Appreciating required maneuver and relevant
factors – Who should?
Master
Officers
Engineers
Helmsman
Lookout
Cre
!ilot " Har#our master " Mooring cre

3.
RESOURCES AT
RESOURCES AT
HAND:
:
1.
1.ENGINES
ENGINES
2.RUDDER
2.RUDDER
3.TRUSTERS
3.TRUSTERS
!."N#$RS
!."N#$RS
%.TUGS
%.TUGS
&.'$$RING
&.'$$RING
(INES.
(INES.
)
).HUMAN
ELEMENTS
$O CO%$&OL
1. WIND
2.CURRENT
3.SEA & SWELL
4.INTERACTION
. MOMENTUM

4.
PIVOT POINT
• *$INT "R$UND +I# TE ,ESSE(
TURNS DURING " TURN -$R "N
$SER,ER $N TE RIDGE.
• I''EDI"TE "/IS $- TURN.
• "S SI-TING N"TURE
DEPENDANT ON ' (!EE)'ACCELE&A$*O%'
)ECELE&A$*O%'MOME%$+M ' WA$E&
&E(*($A%CE'C, ' )&A-$ . $&*M '
(HALLOW WA$E& E$C.

5.
At centre of gravit/

6.
!ivot !oint is 0 L from forard

7.
!ivot !oint is 0 L from stern

8.
SLOW S!EED CONTROL
"EE!IN# RUDDER
E$$ECTI%ENESS
$ULL RUDDER "IC" AHEAD
STO!  RUDDER MIDSHI!.
SHORT DURATION O$ "IC" TO
ACHIE%E SWIN#.
"IC" AHEAD !OWER ' SH! (
DWT.

9.
10 CABLES
6 KTS
3 KTS
FINAL STOP

10.
10 CABLES
3 KTS
1KTS
FINAL STOP

11.
SH! TO DWT RATIO
120 dw #argo hip 11 hp
230 dw #on. 30 hp
&0 dw 4lk 1%0 hp
50 dw Tanker 20 hp
2%0 dw ,(## 310 hp

12.
TRANS%ERSE THRUST
•HEL*CAL )*(CHA&1E ' C&EA$E( LA&1E&
!&E((+&E O% !O&$ O- &+))E&2
•+!WA&) -LOW -&OM +%)E& $HE H+LL A))(
MO&E !&E((+&E $O $HE )OW% (WEE!*%1
!&O!ELLE& ,LA)E(2
•+%E3E% $+&,+LE%$ -LOW2
•COM!A&A$*3EL4 WEA5 -O&CE2

13.
G$ING "STERN
•BOW TO STBD
•SUBSTANTIAL FORCE.
•5 TO 10% OF APPLIED
STERN POWER.
•FOR EXAMPLE - 80,000
!" TANKER - #0,000
S$P - STERN POWER
10,000 S$P - 10% 0F
10,000 S$P IS 1000 S$P
--- ABT. 10T.

14.
TT 6 *I,$T *$INT
E"D+"7
LA&1E $+&%*%1
LE3E&

15.
TT 6 *I,$T *$INT
STERN+"7
(MALL $+&%*%1
LE3E&

16.
WED#E E$$ECT) A DE!ARTURE
$ROM TRANS%ERSE THRUST
E$$ECT
(W*%1( $HE W&O%1 WA4

17.
A%CHO&(
 "N#$RS 6 #"(ES8 9UITE RE(I"(E.
TE +IND("SS IS N$T.
1: IN#RE"SE IN T$NN"GE IS
'"T#ED 7 2%: IN#RE"SE IN "N#$R
GE"R $R *$+ER.
!OWER TO LI$T ANCHOR & 4
SHAC"LES WHILE DEADSTO! IN
WATER.
'"IN(7 R";E $R GE"R -"I(URE
SEEN $N SI*S '$RE T"N %0
D+T.

18.
A%CHO& )&E)1*%1
AMOUNT OF CABLE NOT TO EXCEED 1 1#
AMOUNT OF CABLE NOT TO EXCEED 1 1#
TIMES T$E DEPT$.
TIMES T$E DEPT$.
DESI&N SPEED OF WINDLASS SPEED IS 30
DESI&N SPEED OF WINDLASS SPEED IS 30
'"  M(). .
'"  M(). .
30 '"  M(). * 3 MINUTES A S$ACKLE * 0.3
30 '"  M(). * 3 MINUTES A S$ACKLE * 0.3
KTS ON &ROUND.
KTS ON &ROUND.
STATIC $OLDIN& POWER IS T$REE TIMES
STATIC $OLDIN& POWER IS T$REE TIMES
$I&$ER T$AN D+NAMIC POWER.
$I&$ER T$AN D+NAMIC POWER.

19.
•,E$$E& CO%$&OL O- (!EE)2
•*M!&O3E) ($EE&A1E2
•M*%*M+M LA$E&AL
&E(*($A%CE2
•,E$$E& CO%$&OL.
•BEST TO TURN S$ORT-ROUND.

20.
6
LATERAL FORCES WHEN TURNING

21.
TURNIN#
RUDDER $ORCE  LATERAL RESISTANCE  !I%OT !OINT
• INERTI"
• 1<5 ( -R$' -+D IS *I,$T *$INT "T ST"RT.
• $*TI'U' RUDDER -$R#E.
• 8888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888
("TER"( -$R#E 6 RUDDER -$R#E
"("N#E E"# $TER DURING " TURN.
*I,$T *$INT '$,ES T$ 1<2 (.
S;IDDING $N TR"#;.

22.
STANDIN# TURN & "IC"AHEAD.
• Re*+ce l,ter,l re-i-t,nce t
/ini/+/.
• E0lit r+**er rce t
/,0i/+/.
• Red4=e peed o dead low or >ero 8 o
ha waer 4ild84p or laeral reian=e
i minim4m.
• "@oid peed 4ild84p.

23.
Shallow waer 6 4rning.

24.
(HALLOW
(HALLOW
WA$E&
WA$E&

25.
("TER"( '$TI$N
$+ll *ie* -i ,- l,r5e
$+ll *ie* -i ,- l,r5e
//ent+/.
//ent+/.
H,- l,r5e -ki* ,n* l,r5e *rit
H,- l,r5e -ki* ,n* l,r5e *rit
,n5le.
,n5le.
H,- -/,ller t+rnin5 circle.
H,- -/,ller t+rnin5 circle.
$ine line* 6e--el. S/,ll *rit
$ine line* 6e--el. S/,ll *rit
,n5le ' 7i5 t+rnin5 circle.
,n5le ' 7i5 t+rnin5 circle.

26.
'$,E "($NGSIDE
5*C5 AHEA)

27.
A!!ROACH TO 7UO8ED
A!!ROACH TO 7UO8ED
CHANNEL
CHANNEL

28.
7ETWEEN
7REA"WATERS

29.
TUG
!OWER IN SH! 9 !OWER IN " 0 1;; ( <4
7OLLARD !ULL IN TONNES 1;; SH! = "
%ALUE O$ > " >
ORDINAR8 !RO!ELLER 9 1.3
NO??LE T8!E 9 1.@
%OITH SCHNEIDER 9 1.;

MOST TU#S !OWER RAN#E $ROM @;; TO 22; "
888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888

30.
ALLOCATION O$ NUM7ER O$
ALLOCATION O$ NUM7ER O$
TU#S
TU#S
EURO!ORT
EURO!ORT  TOT. TU# !OWER IN
TONNES 9 %ESSEL DIS!LACEMENT (
3;;;.

A!AN
A!AN  TOT. TU# HORSE !OWER 9 %ESSEL
DIS!LACEMENT ( 1;
TOT. TUG POWER IN TONNES = ( VESSEL DISP
. X 60 /
100000 ) + 40
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
SWEDEN 
SWEDEN  TUG *$+ER IN T$NNES A
B +IND"GE "RE" < 1 C / B ,2 < 15 C

31.
CO%3E%$*O%AL
$+1
1o# line

32.
#$N,ENTI$N"( TUG
• !RO!ULSION UNIT A$T
!RO!ULSION UNIT A$T
• TOWIN# !OINT AS $AR $WD AS DESI#N
TOWIN# !OINT AS $AR $WD AS DESI#N
!ERMITS
!ERMITS
• S($+ 6 (I'ITED "I(IT7 T$ RE8*$SITI$N
• *I,$T *$INT SI-TS T$ "'IDSI*S 8
STI(( G$$D TURNING '$'ENT.
• ("RGE REDU#TI$N $- TURNING
'$'ENT I- G$ (INE IS RIGID(7 -I/ED.
• RIS" O$ INTERACTION OR #IRTIN#.

33.
$+1 *%$E&AC$*O%

34.
*%$E&AC$*O% A-$
S$EER TO STERN.
INCREASE OF SPEED.
LAND $EAIL+AS.

35.
1*&$*%1
•E7CE((*3E
($&A*1H$
L*%E (!EE)
•$+&%*%1
8+*C5L4AWA4
-&OM $+1.

36.
TRACTOR TU&S
3O*$H
(CH%E*)E&
(CHO$$EL
•MULTI-DIRECTIONAL
PROPULSION.
•UNDER T$E BRID&E LOCATION
•TOWIN& POINT AFT.
•OUT-BOARD MOTOR T+PES OR
ERTICAL BLADES.

37.
ABi/+t -tern *ri6e r
ABi/+t -tern *ri6e r
ASD t+5-
ASD t+5-
• Towing poiion orward 6 amidhip.
• Two roaing a>im4h 4ni mo4ned a.
• 7etter *irectin,l -t,ilit.
• #* in en ,ter-.
• I/r6e* ll,r* +ll.
• Le-- *r,t.
• S,ll *r,t-  3 /tr-.
• Le-- eelin5  1 *e5.

38.
DIS"D,"NT"GES.
• S+-cetile t 5irtin5 & inter,ctin.
• Tin5 li/ite* t r,r* -itin.
• Le-- -i*e-tein5 ,ilit.
• S+,t ,t -tern.
• C/le0 cntrl --te/.
• !reller- -+-cetile t *,/,5e.

39.
LE%1$H O- $OW L*%E
LON& TOWIN& LINE - DEEP WATER -
MAXIMUM PULL POWER

40.
S$RT T$+8(INE 8 S"(($+ +"TER 8
REDU#ED *U((

41.
S$RT R$*E 8 S'"(( U;# 8 *U((
NEUTR"(ISED
TOWIN& LEN&T$ 1.5 TO # TIMES T$E
TU&S LEN&T$.
BREAKIN& LOAD 3-3.5 TIMES TU&S
BOLLARD PULL. - S+NT$ETIC ROPE.

42.
E"D+"7
MO&E $+&%*%1
LE3E&2

43.
*%)*&EC$ E--EC$ O- $+1 WA(H *%
CO%-*%E) WA$E&(
NET SWA
+ FORCE
FASTER FLOW OF
WATER, CAUSES
LOW PRESSURE