1. IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 1, Issue 11, 2014 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 2397
Abstract--- In Operation research, the mathematical model is
the most important task for Linear programming problem.
We have to obtaining maximum advantage or output or
efficiency while we use appropriate model and for this we
have to face major phases.
Keywords: Operation Research, Formulate the problem,
Constructing a mathematical model, Deriving the solutions,
Testing the model
I. INTRODUCTION
Operation Research is a collection of scientific
techniques used to arrive at an optimum decision in the
problems of managerial nature. ‘Operation Research
(OR)’ has been defined so far in various ways so it is
important and interesting to give below a few options
about the definition of OR.
1) OR is a scientific method of providing
executive departments with a quantitative
basis for decision regarding the operations
under their control.
2) OR is a scientific method of providing
executive with an analytical and objective
basis for decision.
3) OR is the application of scientific methods,
techniques and tools to problems involving the
operations of systems so as to provide these in
society in control of the operations with
optimum solutions to the problem.
4) OR is a scientific approach to problem solving
for executive management.
5) OR is an experimental and applied science
devoted to observing, understanding and
predicting the behavior of purposeful man –
machine system and OR workers are activity
engaged in applying this knowledge to
practical problems in business, government
and society.
II. PHASES OF OPERATION RESEARCH
The procedure for an OR study generally involves the
following major phases:
Phase I: Formulating the problems: Before proceeding
to find the solution of a problem, first of all one must
be able to formulate the problem in the form of an
appropriate model. To do so, the following information
will be required.
1) Who has to take the decision?
2) What are the objectives?
3) What are the ranges of controlled variables?
4) What are uncontrolled variables that may
affect the possible solutions?
5) What are the restrictions or constraints on the
variables?
Since wrong formulation cannot yield a right decision,
one must be considerably careful while execution this
phase.
Phase II: Constructing a mathematical model : The
second phase of the investigations is concerned
with the reformulation of the problem in an
appropriate form which is convenient for analysis.
The most suitable form for this purpose is to construct
a mathematical model representing the system under
study. It requires the identification of both static and
dynamic structural elements. A mathematical model
should include the following three important basic
factors
(1) Decision variables and parameters
(2) Constraints or Restrictions
(3) Objective function.
Phase III: Deriving the solutions from the model: This
phase is devoted to the computation of those values of
decision variables that maximize (or Minimize) the
objective function. Such solution is called an optimal
solution which is always in the best interest of the
problem under consideration. The general techniques
for deriving the solution of OR model are discussed in
the following sections and further details are in the
Text.
Phase IV: Testing the model and its solution: After
completing the model, it is once again tested as a
whole for the errors if any. A model may be said to be
valid if it can provide a reliable prediction of the
system’s performance. A good practitioner of OR
realizes that his model be applicable for a longer time
and thus he updates the model time to time by taking
into account the past, present and future specifications
of the problems.
Phase V: Controlling the solution: This phase
establishes over the solution with any degree of
satisfaction. The model requires immediate
modification as the controlled variables (one or more)
changes significantly; otherwise the model goes out of
control. As the conditions are constantly changing in
the world. the model and the solution may not
A Review of Different Phases of Operation Research
Sweta Patel1
1
H.O.D. of Mathematics & Applied Science Department
1
Dr. Jivraj Mehta Institute of Technology

2. AReview of Different Phases of Operation Research
(IJSRD/Vol. 1/Issue 11/2014/0018)
All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 2398
Remain valid for a long time.
Phase VI: Implementing the solution: Finally, the
tested results of the model are implemented to work.
This phase is primarily executed with the cooperation
of OR experts and those who are responsible for
managing and operating the systems.
III. CONCLUSION
In this review paper various phases to useful in operation
research techniques has been overviewed. We have to
passed away from all above mentioned phases we get an
appropriate model to solve the Linear Programming
Problem.
REFERENCES
[1] Operation Research- A.P. Verma, S.K. Kataria and
Sons, New Delhi.
[2] Operation Research- Rathindra P. Sen PHI Learning,
New Delhi.
[3] Operation Research- S. Kalavathy, Vikas publishing
house, Noida.
[4] Operation Research – C.Mohan & Kusum Deep, New
Age, New Delhi.
[5] Operation Research – Askhedkar & Kulkarni,
Dhanpatrai & Sons
[6] Operation Research – V. K . Kapoor, Sultan Chand &
Sons, New Delhi.
[7] Operation Research – D.S. Cheema , Laxmi publication,
New Delhi
[8] Operation Research – S.D.Sharma , Kedarnath
publications New delhi
[9] Operation Research – P.K. Gupta & D.S. Hira, S.Chand
& Company Ltd, New Delhi
[10] Quantitative Techniques in Management – N.D. Vohra
, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi
[11] Operation research – P. Rama Murthy, New Age, New
Delhi.
[12] Operation Research – Hamdy A. Taha, Pearson
Education.