1.
A
Project Review
On
“Title of Project”
Presented by
1. Shivtej Jadhav 2.Vaibhav Vidhate
3.Sourabh Patil 4.Sudarshan Bade
Group No. 10
Under the Guidance of
Prof. V. N. Tapase
TSSM’s BSCOER , Narhe, Pune-41
Department of Mechanical Engineering
2022-23
1

2.
Contents
• Introduction
• Need Of Project
• Literature Review
• Detail Of Project
• Construction Of ADLS
• Working Of ADLS
• Design And Manufacturing
• Drawing
• Applications
2
• Conclusion And Future Scope

3.
Introduction
The Transmission System's Parts and Layout
3
1. Clutch. 2. Gearbox. 3. Propeller shaft.
4. Differential. 5. Live Axle.

4.
Function Of Each Device In Transmission System
4
 Clutch
 Gearbox
 Propeller shaft
 Differential
 Live Axle.

5.
5

6.
6
Differential
System At Turn

7.
7
Disadvantages and Limitation of Differantial System
• A locked differential will not allow for wheel speed
differences between the right and left wheels. This
means additional tyre wear, as well as binding within
the drivetrain as a result.
• consider one side of the rear wheel is under the
surface with a good traction and the other wheel is on
a slippery track.
• In this case, the standard differential sends the
majority of the power to the slippery wheel and due
to this, the vehicle won’t be able to move from its
position and in order to overcome this, limited slip
differential are introduced.

8.
8
Overcome
The solution to the above problem is to
have a differential locking system which can be
engaged or dis-engaged either manually or
automatically using sensor based system can
be developed that will sense the difference in
speed or stalling of one wheel to lock the
differential so that both wheels will have same
traction.

9.
SYSTEM 1
• It is “Brake Assisted Differential Locking System”.
• Why prefer in previous differential locking system.
• Advantages-
1. Strength.
2. Long life.
3. Withstand to high torque.
• Disadvantages –
1.Friction
2.Need proper lubrication.
3. Need of frequent maintenance.
4.System complicated and weight of system is high.

10.
SYSTEM 2
• It is “Pneumatic Assisted Differential locking System”.
• Why prefer in previous differential locking system.
• Advantages -
1.Light in weight
2.Rapid Response
• Disadvantages -
1.System complicated.
2.Cannot withstand to high torque
3. Cost of system and equipment is high.

11.
System 1(disadvantage)
+
System 2(disadvantage)
=
Removed Fairly in System 3

12.
Construction
 Mechanical Parts
Differential Gear box
LH & RH shaft
Dog Ring
Spike shaft
 DC motor
Reduction pulley
 Belt
Rack & pinion with guides
Guide Bar
Base frame

13.
Working

14.
Approximately Cost Analysis
SR.
NO.
DESCRIPTION QTY
COST
01 MOTOR 01 3000
02 BELT 01 300
03 PULLEY 01 300
04 DIFFERENTIAL 01 8500
05 DOG RING 01 350
06 SIFTER LINKS 02 350
07 SHIFTER 01 250
08 SPIKE SHAFT 01 550
09 DIFFERENTIAL HOLDER 01 550
10 ELECTRONIC SPEED VARIATOR 01 400
11 ELECTRONIC RELAY 01 300

15.
SR.
NO.
DESCRIPTION QTY
COST
12 PROXIMITY SENSOR 01 900
13 CONTROL PANEL 01 150
14 FRAME 01 450
15 SWITCH 01 200
16 DC MOTOR 01 2500
17 RACK 01 500
18 PINION 01 600
19 WIRE 3M-4M 100
20 BOLTS M8 10-15 100
21 NUTS M8 2-5 20
APPROXIMATELY TOTAL RS20,470/-

16.
Advantages
 Ensures better vehicle stability.
 improves better traction control for wheels.
 System is better than semi-automatic system.
 less human effort.
 Can be easily employed.
 Low grade lubricants can be used.
 The system is economical and simple.

17.
Disadvantages
 At high speed it is impossible to engage dog pin into spike
shaft, since it will cause system failure.
 Due to assembling spike shaft in cage the strength of cage will
be reduced slightly.
 Because they do not operate as smoothly as standard differential
there is increased tire wear.
 ADLS make clicking or banging noise when locking and
unlocking.
 It can cause loss of control on ice.
 High initial cost.

18.
Application
 Used in high end vehicles for better traction control.
 Race Cars.
 Some utility vehicles such as tow trucks, forklifts, Military
Trucks etc.

19.
Future Scope
 An electronic control unit can be developed for Four-wheel
drive and All wheel drive vehicles using complex programs
and sensors on wheels in motion.
 An electronic circuit can be developed which can indicate
the sensor failure and give an indication to the operator to
switch on to the manual mode of DLS.
 Traction Control System (TCS) in along with ADLS can be
used for better control and grip on ice.

20.
Conclusion
 Torque & speed are inversely proportional to each other.
 As we increase the power supply; the speed increases while the
torque decreases.
 When differential is locked, the value of torque between two axles
are approx. same.
 Thus, while differential is working & if one wheel looses it’s
traction due to mud, pit or slippery surface; The locking effect will
provide it more speed to overcome traction loosening.
 Our focus to bring alternative to the semi-automatic system by
simple automatic locking mechanism so that it can be easily
implemented with all commonly used vehicles is fulfilled.

21.
References
 BOOKS
 “Design of Machine Elements”, Bhandari V.B; Tata McGraw Hill Pub. Co. Ltd.
 “Design Data, P.S.G. College of Technology, Coimbatore.
 PAPERS
 “Advances in Automobile Engineering: Brake Assisted Differential Locking System”,
Kanwar Bharat Singh; Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering 2008 Vol II WCE
2008; July 2 - 4, 2008, London, U.K.
 “Automatic differential locking system for working vehicle”, Katsumi Ito, Osaka; Shigeiaki
Okuyama, kawachinagano; Norimi Nakamura, YashizoKuroiwa; Koushi Fujiwara;
Japan(1987); U.S. patent,no.4,671,376, 9; June 1987.
 “Differential lock engaging arrangement”, Derek John Smith, David William Seccull,both
G.B.(2002); U.S. patent,no. 6,390,226 B1; May 2002.
 “Design of an Integrated Active Front Steering and Active Rear Differential Controller using
Fuzzy Logic Control”, Samaneh Arabi, Mohammad Behroozi; Proceedings of the World
Congress on Engineering 2010 Vol II WCE 2010; June 30- July 2, 2010, London, U.K.
 “An Investigation into Differential Torque Based Strategies for Electronic Stability Control in
an In-Wheel Electric Vehicle”, M. M. Al EmranHasan, M. Motamed Ektesabi, A. Kapoor;
International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology ; Volume 2, Issue 7, January
2013.

22.
Thank You!
22