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Altmetrics: the movement, the
tools, and the implications
Kimberley R. Barker, MLIS
Andrea H. Denton, MILS
July 2017
Defining altmetrics
• J. Priem (@jasonpriem), I like the term
#articlelevelmetrics, but it fails to imply
*diversity* of measures. Lately, I'm liking
#altmetrics., 4:28 AM - 29 Sep 10, Tweet
• “…the creation and study of new metrics
based on the Social Web for analyzing, and
informing scholarship.”
– http://altmetrics.org/about/
Defining altmetrics
• Metrics that supplement or complement
traditional metrics
Awareness,
not
promotion!
From metrics to altmetrics
Measures
Traditional
Research
Products
Traditional
- Article
- Chapter
- Book
Times Cited
Impact Factor + Rank
H-index
From metrics to altmetrics
Measures
Traditional New
Research
Products
Traditional
- Article
- Chapter
- Book
Times Cited
Impact Factor +
Rank
H-index
Page Views
Downloads
From metrics to altmetrics
Measures
Traditional New
Research
Products
Traditional
- Article
- Chapter
- Books
Times Cited
Impact
Factor +
Rank
H-index
Page Views
New
- Dataset
- Blog post
- More
None
From metrics to altmetrics
Measures
Traditional New
Research
Products
Traditional
- Article
- Chapter
- Books
Times Cited
Impact Factor
+ Rank
H-index
Page Views
New
- Datasets
- Blog post
- More
None News stories
Blog mentions
Tweets
From metrics to altmetrics
Measures
Traditional New
Research
Products
Traditional
- Article
- Chapter
- Books
Times Cited
Impact Factor
+ Rank
H-index
Page Views
News stories
Blog mentions
Tweets
New
- Datasets
- Blog post
- More
None News stories
Blog mentions
Tweets
Additional scholarly contributions
• Blogs
• Invited Interviews
• Twitter
• Facebook postings
• Reddit
• Datasets
• Patents
• Software
• Copyrights
Examples of “altmeasuring”
• Downloads and page views
• Track-backs
• Tweets and retweets
• Links from review services (e.g. Facultyof1000)
• Sharing, social bookmarking
• News media
New metrics for traditional products
Newer metrics for traditional products
Br J Sports Med doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092417
New metrics for new products
Other influences
NSF “Publications” broadened to “Products
of Research” (Jan 2013)
• “citable and accessible including but not
limited to publications, data sets,
software, patents, and copyrights.“
Other influences
NIH Biosketch new format (Jan 2015)
• other non-publication research products,
including audio or video products; patents; data
and research materials; databases; educational
aids or curricula; instruments or equipment;
models; protocols; and software or netware…
Tools
• Measure web views and downloads
–Google Analytics
–Bit.ly
• Measure views and reads of articles
• Google Profiles
• ResearchGate
Early altmetric tools
Current Tools
• Impactstory
• Altmetric.com
• PlumX
• New! iCite (NIH Relative Citation Ratio)
• New! CiteScore (Elsevier)
Impactstory
• Create an online profile
– Discover and share how your research is read,
cited, tweeted, bookmarked, and more
– Help colleagues find and read your preprints,
articles, slides and other work by uploading
research products straight your profile
• Jason Priem and Heather Piwowar
• Free for 30 days, then $60 a year.
Sample Impactstory Profile
Altmetric.com
• London-based start-up
• Funding from Digital Science (LabGuru, FigShare)
Altmetric’s widget (“donut”)
• Used by publishers/journals
–Nature Publishing
–Cell Press
–Wiley ?
–BioMed Central
–Taylor & Francis
–BMJ Specialty journals
What sources does Altmetric track?
News outlets
• Over 1,300 sites
• Manually curated list
• Text mining
• Global coverage
Social media
and blogs
• Twitter, Facebook,
Google+, Sina Weibo
• Public posts only
• Manually curated list
Reference
managers
• Mendeley, CiteULike
• Reader counts
• Don’t count towards the
Altmetric score
Other sources
• Wikipedia
• YouTube
• Reddit
• F1000
• Pinterest
• Q&A
Post-publication
peer review
• Publons
• PubPeer
Policy documents
• NICE Evidence
• Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change
• Many more…
What is the Altmetric donut?
The Altmetric donut visualizes which are sources discussing an item.
In the Altmetric Explorer, hover the cursor over the donut visualization to
see the appropriate legend for an item.
Each source is colour coded:
What can the data tell you?
What type of attention is this research
receiving?
Where has this article received the most
traction?
Which countries are engaging most with
the content?
Has this article influenced policy, spurred
new research, or engaged a new audience?
Are reactions to this article positive or negative?
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓
Remember that the numbers don’t tell
you…
Quality of the paper
Quality of the researchers
Whole story
Nature Neuroscience
Altmetric Bookmarklet
• Free
• Reading a paper and
want to find out its
Altmetric details?
• Install the
bookmarklet in your
browser
• When viewing the
paper, “Altmetric it”
Altmetric Bookmarklet
Altmetric Bookmarklet
Plum Analytics
• PlumX is an institutional “impact dashboard”
that provides information on how research
output is being utilized, interacted with, and
talked about around the world
• Gathers metrics (altmetrics) about research
from more than thirty sources including PLOS,
PubMed and YouTube, and categorizes them
Not as “alt”, but new…
• Recognition that JIF not the only solution
– Relative Citation Ratio (NIH)
– CiteScore (Elsevier)
• Comparison within a subset
– NIH funded articles
– PLoS articles
Relative Citation Ratio
• From NIH
• For papers (biomedical (PubMed))
• Field-normalized; relative to the average NIH-
funded paper
• Use the iCite tool
https://icite.od.nih.gov/analysis
CiteScore
• From Elsevier
• For journal titles
• Part of a “basket of metrics”
However…
• Standards aren’t fully defined
– Definitions, calculations, etc.
– NISO effort
• Are altmetrics important for discovery?
For evaluation? Both?
Issues
Issues
• Impact vs. attention
–David C.’s Improbable Science… “Why you
should ignore altmetrics and other
bibliometric nightmares”
http://www.dcscience.net/?p=6369
• Popularity
–Popular topics get higher counts, quickly,
but then fade. How does this reflect
quality?
Issues
• Too much concern on metrics (“culture of
measurement” “yelpification”)
• Does social media help promote good
science? Or not? (e.g. anti-vaccine)
Altmetrics: where to start?
Altmetrics for Researchers (Duke University Medical Library)
What are your products?
• Paper, chapter, book?
• A clinical protocol?
• Software code?
• Conference poster?
• Teaching material?
• White paper?
• Data set
Where are your products?
• A repository?
• Website?
• Profile?
Are they well-described (findable)?
Are they accessible by others?
Are they citable?
Are they downloadable?
Are there metrics to tell you?
What metrics match those products?
Product Metric
Clinical protocol Adoption
Software code Downloads or forks
Conference poster Views
Teaching materials Adoption/adaptation
White paper Views, Tweets
What systems or tools can provide
those metrics?
• Journal’s website
–Views, downloads, comparisons
• Repository
–Views, downloads
• Altmetric.com; Impactstory
How will you explain these metrics?
• Contextualize
– “This paper was in the top 10% of all papers
downloaded in 2015.”
• Describe “broader impact”
–“This work was picked up by over 100 news
sources.”
Pulling it all together
• Online identity
• Personal branding
• Reputation management
Additional Readings
• Altmetrics for Researchers (Duke University
Medical Center Library & Archives)
• How to Track the Impact of Research Data
with Metrics (Digital Curation Centre)
Thank You!
Andrea Denton andrea@virginia.edu
Kimberley Barker kimberley@virginia.edu

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Altmetrics: the movement, the tools, and the implications

  • 1. Altmetrics: the movement, the tools, and the implications Kimberley R. Barker, MLIS Andrea H. Denton, MILS July 2017
  • 2. Defining altmetrics • J. Priem (@jasonpriem), I like the term #articlelevelmetrics, but it fails to imply *diversity* of measures. Lately, I'm liking #altmetrics., 4:28 AM - 29 Sep 10, Tweet • “…the creation and study of new metrics based on the Social Web for analyzing, and informing scholarship.” – http://altmetrics.org/about/
  • 3. Defining altmetrics • Metrics that supplement or complement traditional metrics
  • 5. From metrics to altmetrics Measures Traditional Research Products Traditional - Article - Chapter - Book Times Cited Impact Factor + Rank H-index
  • 6. From metrics to altmetrics Measures Traditional New Research Products Traditional - Article - Chapter - Book Times Cited Impact Factor + Rank H-index Page Views Downloads
  • 7. From metrics to altmetrics Measures Traditional New Research Products Traditional - Article - Chapter - Books Times Cited Impact Factor + Rank H-index Page Views New - Dataset - Blog post - More None
  • 8. From metrics to altmetrics Measures Traditional New Research Products Traditional - Article - Chapter - Books Times Cited Impact Factor + Rank H-index Page Views New - Datasets - Blog post - More None News stories Blog mentions Tweets
  • 9. From metrics to altmetrics Measures Traditional New Research Products Traditional - Article - Chapter - Books Times Cited Impact Factor + Rank H-index Page Views News stories Blog mentions Tweets New - Datasets - Blog post - More None News stories Blog mentions Tweets
  • 10. Additional scholarly contributions • Blogs • Invited Interviews • Twitter • Facebook postings • Reddit • Datasets • Patents • Software • Copyrights
  • 11. Examples of “altmeasuring” • Downloads and page views • Track-backs • Tweets and retweets • Links from review services (e.g. Facultyof1000) • Sharing, social bookmarking • News media
  • 12. New metrics for traditional products
  • 13. Newer metrics for traditional products Br J Sports Med doi:10.1136/bjsports-2013-092417
  • 14. New metrics for new products
  • 15. Other influences NSF “Publications” broadened to “Products of Research” (Jan 2013) • “citable and accessible including but not limited to publications, data sets, software, patents, and copyrights.“
  • 16. Other influences NIH Biosketch new format (Jan 2015) • other non-publication research products, including audio or video products; patents; data and research materials; databases; educational aids or curricula; instruments or equipment; models; protocols; and software or netware…
  • 17. Tools
  • 18. • Measure web views and downloads –Google Analytics –Bit.ly • Measure views and reads of articles • Google Profiles • ResearchGate Early altmetric tools
  • 19. Current Tools • Impactstory • Altmetric.com • PlumX • New! iCite (NIH Relative Citation Ratio) • New! CiteScore (Elsevier)
  • 20. Impactstory • Create an online profile – Discover and share how your research is read, cited, tweeted, bookmarked, and more – Help colleagues find and read your preprints, articles, slides and other work by uploading research products straight your profile • Jason Priem and Heather Piwowar • Free for 30 days, then $60 a year.
  • 22. Altmetric.com • London-based start-up • Funding from Digital Science (LabGuru, FigShare)
  • 23. Altmetric’s widget (“donut”) • Used by publishers/journals –Nature Publishing –Cell Press –Wiley ? –BioMed Central –Taylor & Francis –BMJ Specialty journals
  • 24. What sources does Altmetric track? News outlets • Over 1,300 sites • Manually curated list • Text mining • Global coverage Social media and blogs • Twitter, Facebook, Google+, Sina Weibo • Public posts only • Manually curated list Reference managers • Mendeley, CiteULike • Reader counts • Don’t count towards the Altmetric score Other sources • Wikipedia • YouTube • Reddit • F1000 • Pinterest • Q&A Post-publication peer review • Publons • PubPeer Policy documents • NICE Evidence • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change • Many more…
  • 25. What is the Altmetric donut? The Altmetric donut visualizes which are sources discussing an item. In the Altmetric Explorer, hover the cursor over the donut visualization to see the appropriate legend for an item. Each source is colour coded:
  • 26. What can the data tell you? What type of attention is this research receiving? Where has this article received the most traction? Which countries are engaging most with the content? Has this article influenced policy, spurred new research, or engaged a new audience? Are reactions to this article positive or negative? ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
  • 27. Remember that the numbers don’t tell you… Quality of the paper Quality of the researchers Whole story
  • 29. Altmetric Bookmarklet • Free • Reading a paper and want to find out its Altmetric details? • Install the bookmarklet in your browser • When viewing the paper, “Altmetric it”
  • 32. Plum Analytics • PlumX is an institutional “impact dashboard” that provides information on how research output is being utilized, interacted with, and talked about around the world • Gathers metrics (altmetrics) about research from more than thirty sources including PLOS, PubMed and YouTube, and categorizes them
  • 33. Not as “alt”, but new… • Recognition that JIF not the only solution – Relative Citation Ratio (NIH) – CiteScore (Elsevier) • Comparison within a subset – NIH funded articles – PLoS articles
  • 34. Relative Citation Ratio • From NIH • For papers (biomedical (PubMed)) • Field-normalized; relative to the average NIH- funded paper • Use the iCite tool https://icite.od.nih.gov/analysis
  • 35. CiteScore • From Elsevier • For journal titles • Part of a “basket of metrics”
  • 37. • Standards aren’t fully defined – Definitions, calculations, etc. – NISO effort • Are altmetrics important for discovery? For evaluation? Both? Issues
  • 38. Issues • Impact vs. attention –David C.’s Improbable Science… “Why you should ignore altmetrics and other bibliometric nightmares” http://www.dcscience.net/?p=6369 • Popularity –Popular topics get higher counts, quickly, but then fade. How does this reflect quality?
  • 39. Issues • Too much concern on metrics (“culture of measurement” “yelpification”) • Does social media help promote good science? Or not? (e.g. anti-vaccine)
  • 40. Altmetrics: where to start? Altmetrics for Researchers (Duke University Medical Library)
  • 41. What are your products? • Paper, chapter, book? • A clinical protocol? • Software code? • Conference poster? • Teaching material? • White paper? • Data set
  • 42. Where are your products? • A repository? • Website? • Profile? Are they well-described (findable)? Are they accessible by others? Are they citable? Are they downloadable? Are there metrics to tell you?
  • 43. What metrics match those products? Product Metric Clinical protocol Adoption Software code Downloads or forks Conference poster Views Teaching materials Adoption/adaptation White paper Views, Tweets
  • 44. What systems or tools can provide those metrics? • Journal’s website –Views, downloads, comparisons • Repository –Views, downloads • Altmetric.com; Impactstory
  • 45. How will you explain these metrics? • Contextualize – “This paper was in the top 10% of all papers downloaded in 2015.” • Describe “broader impact” –“This work was picked up by over 100 news sources.”
  • 46. Pulling it all together • Online identity • Personal branding • Reputation management
  • 47. Additional Readings • Altmetrics for Researchers (Duke University Medical Center Library & Archives) • How to Track the Impact of Research Data with Metrics (Digital Curation Centre)
  • 48. Thank You! Andrea Denton andrea@virginia.edu Kimberley Barker kimberley@virginia.edu