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SWM 4
- 2. Waste generation
• It is the kilograms of waste generated per a specific amount of time (day)
• Waste generation=
𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝐾𝑔
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑦
• Waste generation per capita =
𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝐾𝑔
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑦 . 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛𝑠)
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- 6. Commercial Waste
• Any waste generated as a result of carrying out a business. Commercial waste
also includes rubbish produced by your customers
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- 7. Designing a waste collection system
• Fixed factors affecting
• Climate “car types, tires, etc”
• Topography
• Types of waste
• Population density
• Variable factors affecting
• Collection frequency
• Crew size
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- 9. Collection time calculation
• Total time= time from garage to route (hour/day) + Collection time
(hour/day) + Total time to and from disposal area+ time to drive to garage
• If the time to and from disposal area is assumed to be constant each time
• Total time to and from disposal area= [number of trips to disposal site
(trip/day) * time consumed to reach to and return back from disposal
site (hour/trip)]
• This time can be multiplied by safety factor for any emergency or delays.
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- 10. Notes
• Time of round trip means the time needed to go “to” and “from”
• Collection time = (time to pick up a container + time to let it down)* no. of containers
+ time between 2 containers * (no of containers-1)
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- 11. Question 1
• An industrial park has a waste generation of 100 m3 of waste daily, given that
the trucks will operate daily, each truck has a volume of 15m3, time to drive
to and from the garage is 20 min, round trip to disposal facility is 15 min,
there are 5 containers, the time between each two of them is 5 min, and the
time to lift the container and turn it back is 4 min calculate The total time
needed.
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- 12. Answer guide
• Total time= round trip (garage) + collection time +
round trip (disposal) *no. of trips
• Collection time= time between each 2 containers* (no of containers-1)
+ time to lift and put back each container * no. of containers
• No of trips to disposal= waste need to be removed/ ( car volume * fill %)
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- 13. Question 3
• You work for a mall (that contains 50 pickup location) and you need to recommend the number
of trucks and the truck size needed based on the following information
• Each location in the compound will be served once per week
• Waste generation in each location is 5 m3 of waste
• Collection time for each truck 40 min/ location
• Total disposal time 31 min/ trip
• Total time to and from garage= 30 min
• Maximum number of trips per day = 2 trip
• Total collection time= 10 hours per week (5 working days)
• Each truck can be filled to 80% of its volume
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- 14. Answer Guide
• When a total number of locations (pickups) are given calculate the number
of served locations per day
• Notice that the number of cars needed is huge, why do you think so?
• Recalculate the number of cars (only) if the time for collection
in each location= 4 mins
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- 15. Question 5
• Waste Generation per capita =
𝑤𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝐾𝑔
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑎𝑦 . 𝑃𝑜𝑝𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑜𝑛𝑠)
• 0.5 kg /(day . Person)
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- 16. Question 6
• A residential compound that has one thousand pickup locations with a waste
generation of 0.2 m3 per location per day, has a satellite vehicle that collects the waste
with a rate of 2 m3 /trip and transport it to a compactor truck. Calculate:
• a. Number of trips per week the satellite makes to the compactor
b. The time needed per week to collect the waste
c. Number of trips made by the compactor to the disposal site/week
• number of working days per week: 5 days -- Time to and from garage: 15 min each
Pickup time per location: 1 min -- Satellite from and to the compactor: 5 min
Compactor volume: 30 m3 -- Compaction ratio: 3
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- 17. Answer guide
• The question wants the answers in week so do not to forget to calculate
them per week or to calculate per day then multiply by Working days
• You must multiply the volume of the compactor by the compaction ratio to
get the volume it can handle each trip
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- 18. Class work question
• You work for a mall (that contains 50 pickup location) and you need to recommend the number of trucks
and the truck size needed based on the following information
• Each location in the compound will be served once per week
• Waste generation in each location is 5 m3 of waste
• Collection time for each truck 4 min/ location
• Total disposal time 31 min/ trip
• Total time to and from garage= 30 min
• Available trucks are 6 m3 in volume
• Total collection time= 10 hours per week (5 working days)
• Each truck can be filled to 80% of its volume
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