what is thrsty nd how it helps in civil engineering

2.  Concrete is a composite material composed of
aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement
which hardens over time. Most use of the term
"concrete" refers to Portland cement concrete or
to concretes made with other hydraulic
cements, such as cement fondu. However, road
surfaces are also a type of concrete, "asphaltic
concrete", where the cement material is
bitumen.

3.  The building material company Tarmac
has developed a new kind of concrete
that is capable of absorbing up to 4,000
liters (1057 gallons) of water in the first
minute. On average, one square meter of
this new road surface, called “Topmix
Permeable,” can drain 600 liters
(159 gallons) in a minute

4.  A type of concrete that “drinks” water on its surface
is being marketed to areas where flash flooding
and puddles are a problem.
 The Topmix Permeable concrete by Tarmac can
absorb 880 gallons of water in 60 sec, one sq area
according to a recent article in the Daily Mail.
 The daily newspaper said the concrete solution
works by having a permeable layer of concrete on
the surface that allows the water to seep through
large pebbles and into a loose base of rubble.

5.  Tarmac said on its that the product not only
could help flash flooding problems, it also might
help to reduce the temperature of concrete
surfaces in hot weather.
 “Permeable concrete allows surface water to
freely drain through the wearing surface to the
underlying ground with the ability to act as a
reservoir during periods of high downfall,” the
company said in its Permeable Concrete
Solutions Guide.

6.  Topmix can help rapidly remove water from
roadways, preventing the potentially dangerous
buildup of standing water. As it is absorbed,
storm water is filtered through a porous layer of
pebbles, removing petroleum hydrocarbons
and other pollutants commonly found on
roadways before the water is ultimately
returned to the water table

10.  During some periods this characteristic can aid
in delaying the discharge of surface water into
water courses or drainage systems reducing the
risk of overwhelming systems and causing
flash flooding. During periods of rising
temperatures and intense rainfall, water stored
within the system evaporates creating a cooling
effect reducing surface temperatures,

11.  . As the world’s population continues to shift from
rural to urban areas, natural drainage systems are
being replaced with impermeable mostly concrete
that hinder the environment’s ability to drain
rainwater. In a forest, for instance, somewhere
between 80 and 90 percent of rainwater is absorbed
back into the ground — in urban areas, that
absorption can fall to just 10 percent of rainwater.
Humans have dealt with this by creating our own
system of infrastructure storm water drainage
systems and sewer systems but much of this
infrastructure is becoming increasingly outdated
and unable to keep up with an increase in
precipitation events linked to climate change

13.  When extreme precipitation events overwhelm
a city’s available infrastructure, flash floods
become an increasingly damaging threat. In
2007, intense floods throughout the United
Kingdom caused some $4.8 billion in damage
— but only 12 percent of flooding incidents
were related to an overflow from rivers. The
rest were caused by an overflow of surface
water and inadequate drainage.

16.  Rather than use sand-based concrete, Tarmac uses
something called no-fines concrete. It's made up of tiny
pieces of crushed granite packed together. While
Burgess says the mixture is extremely dry, the pieces
are packed loosely enough to allow water to pass
through.
 The system can accommodate three designs: full
infiltration, partial infiltration, and full attenuation.

18. • Full infiltration refers to a system where all water
goes through Topmix to flow into the soil
underneath. It's particularly useful in wet areas that
don't need to collect the rainwater.
• Partial infiltration involves a semi-permeable
barrier beneath Topmix that acts as a drainage
system into nearby sewers or waterways — useful
when the layer beneath Topmix can't pass the
water through on its own.
• Full attenuation uses a capture system to store all
the water that flows through Topmix. This option is
most useful in areas with unclean water and high
recycling rates, since the captured water can be
reused later.

19.  The technology isn't quite ready for wide-scale
deployment.
 Tarmac notes that the permeable surface is
prone to damage from freezing water and
therefore not suitable for use in subzero
temperatures.
 Furthermore, the product is not suitable for use
on high-volume roadways that bear heavy
loads, although it can be used on shoulder
lanes, residential streets, pedestrian and bike
paths and parking lots

20.  "Being able to control and actively manage the
drainage of rainwater from the developed
landscape significantly reduces the risk of
surface water flooding, protecting both the
natural and built environment,"

21. THANK YOU