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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER 3
Methodology
This chapter presents the method utilized in this study
together with the procedures employed including the
preparation, distribution and data collection, the research
method used, about the population and the construction and
validation of the questionnaires which was the chief tool
used in gathering the needed data and the statistical
treatment of data.
Research Design
The researchers made use of descriptive, which
highlight its purpose, methods and other facts regarding the
study.
The descriptive is considered appropriate since the
process seek gather describe, analyze and interpret.
Furthermore, the researchers used survey method with
the use of questionnaire and interviews. Through this
method, the researchers have gather information from the

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
respondents about the study. After which they tabulated,
presented and analyzed the data to come up with the
findings.
Population and Sampling Procedure
The respondents composed of fifty (50) tourists from
Fort Santiago, Intramuros, Manila.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents in this survey were the Local Tourists
and Filipino Tour Guides. The survey questionnaires were
used to know the background of the respondents.
Table 1 presents the respondents according to sex.
Table 1
Respondents of the Study

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
Respondents f %
Tour Guide 7 14
Tourist 43 86
Total 50 100
As manifested in the table, there are 7 or 14 percent
tour guide while 43 or 86 percent tourist respondents
involved in the study.
Table 2 presents the respondents as to Civil Status.
Table 2
Respondents According to Civil Status

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
Civil Status Tour Guide Tourists Total
f % f % F %
Single 3 42.86 13 30.23 16 32
Married 4 57.14 30 69.77 34 68
Total 7 100 43 100 50 100
As manifested in the table, there are 16 or 32 percent
single while 34 or 68 percent married respondents involved
in the study.
Table 3 presents the percentage distribution of the
respondents as to Sex.
Table 3
Respondents by Sex

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
Civil Status Tour Guide Tourists Total
f % f % F %
Male 5 71.43 13 30.23 18 36
Female 2 28.57 30 69.77 32 64
Total 7 100 43 100 50 100
As manifested in the table, there are 18 or 36 percent
male while 32 or 64 percent female respondents involved in
the study.
Research Instruments
The following instruments were used in gathering data
and information needed in the study.
Survey Questionnaires. This was the primary instrument
in gathering the data. This is used to generate data.
PART I. Profile of the respondent. This was used to
generate data on the demographic characteristics of the
respondents.

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
PART II. Local Tourist Perception on the Filipino Tour
Guides.
Interview. The interview is considered as one of the
most effective methods in collecting data. The researchers
interviewed the Filipino Tourist in Fort Santiago,
Intramuros, Manila.
Data Gathering Procedures
The following procedures were undertaken in the needed
data:
1. The researchers seek approval to conduct study in Fort
Santiago, Intramuros, Manila.
2. The researchers personally delivered the letter to the
HRD for the approval after the presentation of the
study.
3. The researchers made questionnaires to the respondents
to gather the much-needed information.

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
4. Data that were not included in the questionnaires were
generated through instructed interview. This comprised
the secondary data.
5. Distributed questionnaires were retrieved, collected,
piled and grouped. Respondents were tallied, tabulated,
analyzed and interpreted.
Statistical Treatment of Data
The data gathered were compiled, collected and
summarized separately per group. The responses for each item
were categorized based in the specific problems raised.
The following were utilized in the treatment of the
data:
1. Frequency. It is the actual response to a specific
item/question in the questionnaire where the respondent
ticks his choice.
2. Percentage. This was used as descriptive statistics or
something that describes a part of the whole.

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
3. Weighted Mean. This was used to measure the
respondents’ assessments. Multiplying each value in the
group by the appropriate weight factor does it and the
product is summed up and divided by the total number of
the respondents.
Formula:
( f5xf5 ) + ( f4xf4 ) + (f3xf3 ) + (f2xf2 ) + (f1xf1 )
WM=
N
The assessments provided by the respondents were
interpreted by using the 5-point Likert Scale Method for
interpretation of the assessment of the respondents on the
Filipino Tour Guide as perceived by the Local Tourists. The
concept of the boundary of numerals used the following
scales:
Assessments of the respondents on the Filipino Tour
Guide as Perceived by the Local Tourists.

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
Scale Range Verbal Interpretation Symbol
5 4.20-5.00 Outstanding O
4 3.40-4.19 Very Good VG
3 2.60-3.39 Good G
2 1.80-2.59 Fair F
1 1.00-1.79 Poor P
4. Ranking. This was used to reinforce the percentage
to show the proportional importance of an item considered.
5. t-Test for Independent. This was used to determine
whether or not the significant difference existed between
the perception of the tour guide and the tourist
respondents.
It was solved by using the formula.

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
The following formula helped compute the t-test.
a. The mean
Formula:
∑X Where: M = the arithmetic mean
M== ∑X = sum of the scores
N N = number of the scores
b. Standard Deviation
Formula:
Where: SD = Standard Deviation
SD = ∑d2 ∑d2 = Sum of the difference
2
N in variance Squared (x – X)
The formula for t-test is

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EULOGIO “AMANG” RODRIGUEZ INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
COLLEGE OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
Where:
t = difference between 0 measures
X1 = mean of first group
X1 = mean of second group
= Standard deviation of the first group
= Standard deviation of the second group
= number sample of the first group
= number sample of the second group