APLLICATIONS OF NANOPARTICLES

1. Applications of
Nanoparticles
By: Maryam Ansar
15MSCHY023
M.Sc. IIIrd Sem

2. Contents
Introduction
Applications of
nanoparticles in Medical
Field
Applications of
nanoparticles in Industries
Applications of
nanoparticles in
Environmental Issues

3. Nanotechnology deals with the creation of
useful materials, devices and systems using
the particles of nanometer length scale and
exploitation of novel properties (physical,
chemical, biological) at that length scale.
Particles having one of their dimension in
the range of 1nm to 100nm.
What is nanotechnology ?
& nanoparticle ?

4. Nanoparticle involved in drug delivery
The nanoparticle get entrapment of
drugs are
either enhanced delivery to, or
uptake by,
target cells and/or a reduction in the
toxicity
of the free drug to non-target
organs. (W i m
H De Jong and Paul JA B orm, 2008).
Applications of nanoparticle in
Medical Field

5.  The use of polymeric
micelle nanoparticles to
deliver drugs to tumors.
The use of polymer coated iron
oxide nanoparticles to break up
clusters of bacteria, possibly
allowing more effective
treatment of chronic bacterial
infections.

6. Nano shells as Cancer Therapy
Nano shells are injected into cancer area and they
recognize cancer cells. Then by applying near-infrared
light, the heat generated by the light-absorbing Nano
shells has successfully killed tumor cells while leaving
neighboring cells intact.

7. Researchers at Rice University have demonstrated that
cerium oxide nanoparticles act as an antioxidant to remove
oxygen free radicals that are present in a patient's
bloodstream following a traumatic injury. The nanoparticles
absorb the oxygen free radicals and then release the
oxygen in a less dangerous state, freeing up the
nanoparticle to absorb more free radicals.
Researhers are developing ways to use carbon
nanoparticles called nanodiamonds in medical
applications. For example nanodiamonds with protein
molecules attached can be used to increase bone growth
around dental or joint implants.
Researchers are testing the use of chemotherapy
drugs attached to nanodiamonds to treat brain tumors.
Other researchers are testing the use of
chemotherapy drugs attached to nanodiamonds to treat
leukemia.

8. Food industry
Nanotechnology can be applied in the production,
processing, safety and packaging of food. A
nanocomposite coating process could improve food
packaging by placing anti-microbial agents directly
on the surface of the coated film. Nanocomposites
could increase or decrease gas permeability of
different fillers as is needed for different
products. They can also improve the mechanical
and heat-resistance properties and lower the
oxygen transmission rate.
Applications of nanoparticle in
Industries

9. Textile
 The use of engineered nanofibers already
makes clothes water- and stain-repellent or
wrinkle-free.
 Textiles with a nanotechnological finish can
be washed less frequently and at lower
temperatures.
 Nanotechnology has been used to integrate
tiny carbon particles membrane and
guarantee full-surface protection from
electrostatic charges for the wearer

10. Cosmetics
A sunscreen based on mineral
nanoparticles such as titanium oxide
offer several advantages.
 Titanium oxide nanoparticles have
a comparable UV protection
property as the bulk material, but
lose the cosmetically undesirable
whitening as the particle size is
decreased.
Sports
Materials for new athletic shoes may
be made in order to make the shoe
lighter.
Baseball bats already on the market
are made with carbon nanotubes that
reinforce the resin, which is said to
improve its performance by making it
lighter

11. Cement
Nano-silica addition to cement based
materials can also control the degradation of
the fundamental C-S-H (calcium-
silicatehydrate) reaction of concrete caused
by calcium leaching in water as well as block
water penetration and therefore lead to
improvements in durability.
Steel
Steel cables can be strengthened using
carbon nanotubes.
The use of vanadium and molybdenum
nanoparticles improves the delayed
fracture problems associated with high
strength bolts. This reduces the effects of
hydrogen embrittlement and improves steel
micro-structure by reducing the effects of
the inter-granular cementite phase.

12. Wood
Wood is also composed of nanotubes or
“nanofibrils”; namely, lignocellulosic (woody
tissue) elements which are twice as strong as
steel. Harvesting these nanofibrils would lead
to a new paradigm in sustainable construction
as both the production and use would be part
of a renewable cycle.
Glass
By using a clear intumescent layer sandwiched
between glass panels (an interlayer) formed of silica
nanoparticles (SiO2), which turns into a rigid and
opaque fire shield when heated. Most of glass in
construction is on the exterior surface of buildings.
So the light and heat entering the building through
glass has to be prevented.

13. Researchers are using
photocatalytic copper
tungsten oxide nanoparticles
to break down oil into
biodegradable compounds.
The nanoparticles are in a
grid that provides high
surface area for the
reaction, is activated by
sunlight and can work in
water, making them useful
for cleaning up oil spills.
Applications of nanoparticle in
Environmental Issues

14. Iron oxide
nanoparticles
are being used
to clean arsenic
from water
wells.

15.  Researchers are using gold nanoparticles
embedded in a porous manganese oxide as a
room temperature catalyst to breakdown
volatile organic pollutants in air.
 Iron nanoparticles are being used to clean up
carbon tetrachloride pollution in ground water