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MIPI DevCon 2021: Enabling Long-Reach MIPI CSI-2 Connectivity in Automotive with MIPI IP
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Presented by Licinio Sousa, Synopsys, Inc., and Edo Cohen, Valens Semiconductor Synopsys and Valens Semiconductor outline how MIPI automotive solutions can enable safe and robust long-reach connectivity for cameras and sensors. The ability for high volumes of data to travel at a fast rate over a long reach infrastructure is now mandatory in automotive vision applications. In addition, maintaining a reliable link can be the difference between successful operation and system failure in a car. In this presentation, Synopsys and Valens present a Valens MIPI A-PHY℠ design for in-vehicle connectivity using Synopsys’ ISO 26262-ready MIPI CSI-2® and MIPI C-PHY℠/D-PHY℠ IP in the FinFET process to meet their latency and bandwidth requirements. The presentation also previews examples of display applications that can benefit from the same architecture.
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MIPI DevCon 2021: Enabling Long-Reach MIPI CSI-2 Connectivity in Automotive with MIPI IP
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. Licinio Sousa, Synopsys Sr Product Marketing Manager Edo Cohen, Valens Director Strategic Innovation Enabling Long-Reach MIPI CSI-2 Connectivity in Automotive with MIPI IP
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 2 Trends & New Applications • Transition from Distributed ECUs to centralized Domain Compute Modules • New applications for ADAS, Infotainment, Connected Car & V2X • Growing number & types of Sensors: Imaging, Lidar, Radar, Infra-Red • System & SoC level Functional Safety and Reliably • Requires High Performance FinFET Class Automotive SoCs Sensor Vision Radar Lidar ADAS Domain Controller Actuator Actuator Actuator Comfort Domain Controller 5G/LTE, WLAN, BT, GNSS Connectivity Domain Controller Infotainment Domain Controller Gateway Powertrain Domain Controller Actuator Actuator Actuator Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor Sensor
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 3 Safety-Critical Automotive Applications Using MIPI • ADAS & IVI – Rear View, eMirror, Park Assist, Surround View ECU/ADAS/IVI Long Reach Reliability Functional Safety Quality Long Reach Temperature Lifetime Failure rate Security SD/eMMC SPI/QSPI UFS Safety Manager Logic Libraries Embedded Memories LPDDR5/4/4X Cache x12 64-bit Processors Data path Storage Processing Subsystem Safety & Security AMBA Interconnect Ethernet AVB/TSN CAN, CAN-FD MOST Connectivity HDMI eDP MIPI DSI/ DSI-2SM Graphics Core ADCs/DACs DSP MIPI CSI-2SM AI Accelerator Display Subsystem PCIe CXL FlexRay UART Vision Subsystem Security SD/eMMC SPI/QSPI UFS Safety Manager Logic Libraries Embedded Memories LPDDR5/4/4X Cache x12 64-bit Processors Data path Storage Processing Subsystem Safety & Security AMBA Interconnect Ethernet AVB/TSN CAN, CAN-FD MOST Connectivity HDMI eDP MIPI DSI/ DSI-2SM Graphics Core ADCs/DACs DSP MIPI CSI-2SM AI Accelerator Display Subsystem PCIe CXL FlexRay UART Vision Subsystem Security SD/eMMC SPI/QSPI UFS Safety Manager Logic Libraries Embedded Memories LPDDR5/4/4X Cache x12 64-bit Processors Data path Storage Processing Subsystem Safety & Security AMBA Interconnect Ethernet AVB/TSN CAN, CAN-FD MOST Connectivity HDMI eDP MIPI DSI/ DSI-2SM Graphics Core ADCs/DACs DSP MIP CSI-2SM AI Accelerator Display Subsystem PCIe CXL FlexRay UART Vision Subsystem • ADAS & IVI – Rear View, eMirror, Park Assist, Surround View Front Camera Right Camera Left Camera
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 4 Development Flows for ISO 26262 Functional Safety • Activities & Work Products for Automotive SoCs & IP Core Architecture ISO 26262 Safety Plan Core Spec Digital Spec HW Safety Requirements HW Safety Goals FIT Rate Analysis HW Safety Features RTL Design Design Implementation FPGA Safety Manual FMEDA Report Validation Fault Injection / Coverage Analysis IP/SoC Level Verification Module Design Verification Consumer Flow +Automotive ASIC
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 5 Additional Safety Mechanisms to Meet ASIL B & Beyond • MIPI CSI-2 Lacks Native Functional Safety Capabilities • Safety Mechanisms to achieve ASIL B Random HW Fault metrics • Each Safety Mechanism has an associated Reaction Time: Fault Handling Time Interval and Error Flag MIPI CSI-2SM Protocol MIPI D-PHYSM C-PHYSM RX TX ECC for closely coupled SRAMs Parity Protection delivered & checked at user interface Parity Protection on internal data paths User Interface: ECC added at data path ports Parity added for address ports Register Space Protection PPI Interface Image/Config I/F Module Redundancy Protection for critical logic MIPI CSI-2
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 6 Safety Manager for SoC-Level Integration • Monitoring & Managing Functional Safety Capabilities MIPI DSI-2 Controller Interconnect OTP (Device Identity) Secure Boot FSM MIPI CSI-2 Controller MIPI PHY MIPI PHY LPDDR Controller LPDDR PHY Peripherals (I2C, I2S, UART, WDT, RTC, Timers, SPI, QSPI) Safety Network Safety Manager Processor FuSA SW Stack Safety Bus LBIST Server Memory #1 Wrapper ECC Memory #N Wrapper ECC Wrapper Wrapper Security HSM Crypto TRNG SHS AI Processor/ DSP Processor Wrapper Other IP Application Processor(s) (HS4xFS) Application Processor(s) (HS4xFS) Application Processor(s) (HS4xFS) ASIL-B Compute Processor(s) Application Processor(s) (HS4xFS) Application Processor(s) (HS4xFS) Application Processor(s) (HS4xFS) ASIL-D Compute Processor(s) Wrapper •Safety Manager monitors & manages all system failures & real-time faults; safe boot & mission- mode testing
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 7 Need to Design for Reliability • Handling the Stringent Operating Conditions • Environmental • Temperature • Noise • Vibration • Long term operation • Field rate (targeting 0%) AEC-Q100 Qualification Accelerated Lifetime Simulation Tests Electrical Verification Tests HTOL ELFR ESD HBM ESD CDM IC Latch Up E D CHAR Design Testing AUTO DRC/PDK Design Rules Mission Profile AEC-Q100 Standard Sample size Type of Tests Test time Conditions Report SoC/IP Testchip Grade Ambient Operating Temperature Range 0 -40⁰C to +150⁰C 1 -40⁰C to +125⁰C 2 -40⁰C to +105⁰C 3 -40⁰C to +85⁰C Reliability
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 8 Need for a Comprehensive Automotive-Grade IP Portfolio • Saving Time-to-Market MIPI Automotive-Grade IP Package 22nm - 16nm - 7nm – 5nm Automotive SoC 22nm - 16nm - 7nm – 5nm CSI-2 / DSI-2 CONTROLLERS C-PHY / D-PHY SAFEFTY • Safety Manual • FMEDA • FuSa Certificate • Random • Systematic • Work Products RELIABILITY • Mission Profile • Auto PDK/Rules • Grade 2/1 • AEC-Q100 Report QUALITY • ISO 9001 Quality Management System • Quality Manual Safety Reliability Quality Security SD/eMMC SPI/QSPI UFS Safety Manager Logic Libraries Embedded Memories LPDDR5/4/4X Cache x12 64-bit Processors Data path Storage Processing Subsystem Safety & Security AMBA Interconnect Ethernet AVB/TSN CAN, CAN-FD MOST Connectivity HDMI eDP MIPI DSI/ DSI-2SM Graphics Core ADCs/DACs DSP MIPI CSI-2SM AI Accelerator Display Subsystem PCIe CXL FlexRay UART Vision Subsystem
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. Valens Design Example Using Synopsys DesignWare MIPI IP
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 10 Valens A-PHY Products • Valens is the first company to introduce A-PHYSM compliant products • It was important to make sure Valens will work with mature and established IP partner in order to focus our efforts on the core technology and meet it goals. • Valens selected Synopsys as IP partner for their mature MIPI IP and complete automotive package including safety and AEC-Q100 qualification. • First samples will be available to leading customers by Q4/2021. – VA7031 - CSI-2 extension (Serializer) over MIPI A-PHY channel (Up to 8Gbps) – VA7044 - Dual-receiver of CSI-2 (Deserializer) over MIPI A-PHY channel (Up to 8Gbps per port) – VA7042 - Quad-receiver of CSI-2 (Deserializer) over MIPI A-PHY channel (Up to 8Gbps per port) • Valens is already working on the next generation of A-PHY products.
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 11 Valens Use of Synopsys DesignWare D-PHY/C-PHY IP CSI-2 TX Controller – ASIL B C-PHY/D-PHY TX – Grade 2 CSI-2 RX Controller – ASIL B C-PHY/D-PHY RX – Grade 2
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. Summary
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 13 Summary • Trends in the automotive industry are driving new SoC architectures on more advanced FinFET processes • MIPI IP in Automotive: safety-critical applications require ASIL B/D ISO 26262 Ready MIPI IP with safety package, enabling designers to save time and improve time-to-market • IP that meets automotive quality requirements and is AEC-Q100 tested accelerates SoC-level qualification and design • Synopsys’ automotive-grade MIPI camera and display IP helped accelerate Valens’ Automotive SoC design
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 14 DesignWare MIPI IP Portfolio for Automotive SoC MIPI Automotive-Grade IP Package In 22nm - 16nm - 7nm
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc. 15 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES ADDITIONAL RESOURCES • Web page • https://www.synopsys.com/designware-ip/interface-ip/mipi.html • Web page • https://www.synopsys.com/designware-ip/ip-market- segments/automotive.html • Valens automotive • https://www.valens.com/automotive-solutions • Valens VA70xx • https://www.valens.com/va7000-family
- © 2021 MIPI Alliance, Inc.
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