Despite remarkable advancement of modern medicine in last century, people are still not satisfied with current health care. There is world wide consensus that holistic approach is lacking in contemporary medical models as well as in medical curriculum. Moreover, modern medicine is still based on biological vision of disease as advocated by bio-medical model. The bio-psychosocial-spiritual model which offers more humanistic and holistic approach is not implemented yet globally. Therefore keeping in view its broader and holistic vision it is important to incorporate contents in medical curriculum regarding all dimensions of human illness including spirituality.

1. Dr Muhammad Barkaat Hussain
Assistant Professor Microbiology
Rabigh Medical College,
King Abdul Aziz University, KSA
Role of different medical models in patient care

2. Objectives
►Discuss critically role of different
contemporary medical models of patient
care
► Identifies gaps
►Proposes a novel Integrated Medical
Model of patient care.
►The new model covers all dimensions of
human illness.

3. Basis of medical model
► “And (remember) when your Lord said to
the angels: ‘I am going to create a human
(Adam) from sounding clay of altered black
smooth mud. So when I have fashioned him
and breathed into him (his) soul created by
Me, then you fall down prostrate to him.”

4. Problem
►Despite remarkable
advancement of
modern medicine
in last century,
people are still not
satisfied with
current health
care.

5. WHO
► Overall, about half of patients are dissatisfied with current
health care facilitates.
► Roughly the same proportion see no significant
improvement over a five-year horizon.
► (A Survey of Patient Organizations’ Concerns: Perceptions
of Healthcare, 2006).
► WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data People-Centred Health Care: A policy
framework. ISBN 978 92 9061 317 6 (NLM classification: W 84) © World Health
Organization 2007

6. First bio-medical model of health care
Louis Pasteur’s germ theory of disease.
► This model explains the
diseases in biological
term and led to numerous
scientific discoveries.
► Remained popular for
more than a century
► This model is considered
inadequate when other
dimensions of life are
considered

8. What is missing in bio-psycho-social
model?
►Spiritual dimension
►Without Spirituality

9. Voluntary euthanasia is on the WA
agenda again. (ABC News)

10. WHO

11. Spirituality
► Culture specific and vary significantly from culture
to culture.
► Definition, contents and practices of Islamic
spirituality is entirely different from other faiths.
► Islamic spirituality is based on Tawhidic Paradigm
► Integrated Model of patient care
► This model is based on divine knowledge derived
from Holy Quran and Prophet PBUH Sunnah.

12. Integrated Medical Model of Patient
Care
► This model has six principles, which provides guidelines for
tackling human disease or illness.
► 1-Healing (Shifa) by Belief (Yaqeen)
that Allah Has Sent the disease & Allah is the HEALER. There
is remedy for every illness. If the healing is delayed, it is by
Allah’s Wisdom & Hikmah
► 2-Healing by Good Deeds (Aa’maal-e-Saalehaat)
Charity (Sadaqah), Salaat, Fast, Quran, Zikr, Duaas & Ruqya,
Husn-e-Khulq, abstaining from sins, Istighfaar, etc.
► 3-Healing by the Foods and Herbs of Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬

13. Conti-----
► 4-Healing by HIJAMAH (cupping); which is
Sunnah & recommended by Prophet Muhammad
‫ﷺ‬
► 5-Healing by prevention as prescribed by Prophet
‫ﷺ‬
► 6-Seeking medical advice from Doctors.

14. Perception of Disease in Islam
 In Islam the diseases is not just perceived as
physical or psychological abnormality rather as a
challenge, a test or reward able entity.
 The Muslims see calamities and challenges in life
as lessons that help them evolve to a higher
spiritual level of awareness.
 As such, they look at calamity, illness, material
loss or bereavement, as unavoidable part of a
normal human life and growth.

15. Allah (SHT) taught us in Holy
Quran
And: “We will most certainly test you with somewhat
of fear and hunger and loss of property and lives
and fruits; and give good news to the patient, who,
when a misfortune befalls them, say: Surely we
belong to Allah and to Him we shall surely return”
(2: 155- 156).

16. Power of Belief
►Firm belief on Allah SWT help to overcome
the feeling of hopelessness and depression
►Non-belief take million of precious life
across the world.
►

17. Power of Belief

18. Power of Belief
►The Islamic perception of disease or illness
generates hope and optimism.
►Can save million of precious life, lost by
suicide.

19. Preventive aspect of Integrated Medical
Model
► In Prophet life time, a Roman doctor came Madina
to treat the patients. He could not find any patient
for treatment during his whole stay. He asked
Prophet PBUH the reason.
► The Prophet replied that how could you find a
patient if the people eat when they really feel
hungry and stop eating when they still feel desire
to eat.

20. Conclusions
► There is world wide consensus that holistic approach is
lacking in contemporary medical models as well as in
medical curriculum.
► Moreover, modern medicine is still based on biological
vision of disease as advocated by bio-medical model.
► The bio-psychosocial-spiritual model which offers more
humanistic and holistic approach is not implemented yet
globally.
► Therefore keeping in view its broader and holistic vision it
is important to incorporate contents in medical curriculum
regarding all dimensions of human illness including
spirituality.

21. Conclusions
► Keeping in view the tremendous importance of six
principles of Islamic faith in patient care it is suggested
that these divine principles may be incorporated in medical
curricula of Muslim countries.
► Moreover, the detailed content of these principles may be
published in peer reviewed international journals so that
doctors of other faiths may be familiar with them and use
them.