Computer Generations/ Basie information of computer/ History of computer/ Computer information.

1. By
Muhammad Ikram
History of computer

2. Basic Information of computer
• Tally Stick:
A tally stock was an ancient memory aid device to record and
documents numbers, quantities, or even massages.

3. Abacus:
• An abacus is a mechanical device which is used to
calculation & numeric data.
• The was invented in(city) Babylonia
• It used to perform basic arithmetic operations.
• It was 1st calculation device in all world.

4. Old Image Of Abacus

5. New Image Of Abacus

6. Napier’s Bones:
• Invented by john Napier in 1614.
• Allow the operator to multiply, divide and calculate square and cube roots
by moving the rods around and placing them in specially constructed
boards.

7. Difference Engine & Analytical Engine
• It an automatic, mechanical calculator designed by Charles Babbage in
1822.
• It is 1st mechanical computer.
• In 1822 he had a working model to show off
• It was completely running with steamed.
• This computer will be completely controlled due to the program & will
be used.
• In 1833 he lost interest in it.

9. Analytical Engine:
• The Analytical Engine was a proposed mechanical general-purpose
computer designed by English mathematician and computer pioneer
Charles Babbage. It was first described in 1837 as the successor to
Babbage's difference engine, a design for a mechanical computer.

10. First Computer Programmer:
• In 1840, Augusta Ada Byron Suggests
to Babbage that he use the binary system.
• She write programs for the Analytical
• Engine. So she is known for first programmer.
• Daughter of Poet Lord Byron.

11. Computer Generations:
• There are five generations of computer.
• Let's discuss how the modern computer involved the generation after
generation.
• The computers that was developed the from 1942 to 1955 were called the
First generation of computer.
• The first generation computer used vacuum tube.
• Consist of Glass bulb and wire. The wire is used to carry data in the form
of electronic signal.
• The first Generation computers were large sizes.
• This vacuum used vacuum tube for computer calculation.

12. • Vacuum tube was very expensive due to the requirement of expertise
and skill. It was hot and burned.
• They had air-conditioned rooms to keep them. Because Vacuum tube
exhausted heat.

14. ENIAC UNIVAC-1

16. Second Generation of Computer:
• Transzers were used in the second generation.
• In 1947 Williom Shockley , Joan Bardrain & Williom Brittan invented
transzers.
• It requires less space. The size of 200 transistors was equal to a Vacuum
tube.
• It's cheaper than vacuum tube.
• Transzers works 40 times faster than a Vacuum Tube.
• It is not as hot as the Vacuum tube and does not break.
• It removes very little heat than the vacuum tube.

17. • Second Generation Computer has more complex calculations, logical
units, lower level and high level programming languages like, BASIC
,PASCAL COBOL & The assembly used to be used.
• There was also a system software with computer.
• Examples of second generation
Examples of Second Generation Computer include IBM 7094, IBM 1400 &
CDC 164 etc.

18. IBM 7094 IBM 1400

19. Image of Transzers

20. 3rd Generation of Computer
• Integrated circuits (ICs) used for the computer's third generation.
• 1st ICs was invented & used in 1961.
• An IC is 1/4 square inches.
• A single-IC chip consists of thousands of transistors.
• In this way computer science became small-to-use, reliable and more
cheap and massively became popular in business magnetic core memory
used in these computers was used as internal storage
• Examples of 3rd generation
• Successful computers of this generation IBM system 360 , IBM 370
& UNIVAC 9000 Etc.

21. UNIVAC 9000 IBM system 360

22. Image of Integrated circuits

23. 4th Generation of Computer
• The fourth generation used micro-processors for computers.
• Modern Micro Processors, usually there are less than a square inch and
millions of electronic circuits contain
• Today, many electrical appliances like wrist watches are used in cars and
vehicles.
• Micro processors have revolutionized the world of computer.
• Due to the micro processor, the speed of the contractor's speed and the
internal storage capacity increased and it sizes smaller.
• Examples of 4th generation
Apple Macintosh & IBM PC etc.

24. Apple Macintosh IBM PC

25. Image of micro-processors

26. 5th Generation of Computer
• Artificial intelligence used in the fifth generation of computer
• Artificial intelligence is currently in progress
• Artificial intelligence makes revolution in computers fields.
• Now a days with the help of artificial intelligence people are
preparing a lot of robots.
• Artificial intelligence has made the world more fast.
• Artificial intelligence is currently in progress.

27. • The target of fifth generation computer is such development which works
according to natural gender input. those who have the ability to
remember and work
• Examples of 5th generation
• Every kind of robots

28. Army Robots

29. Doctor Robots

30. Pilate Robots

31. Working Robots

32. Thanks 4 Watching