Juicy Feedback Loops The term “juicy feedback” comes from game design where a small action produces a surprisingly large reaction. David will present six design principles that anyone can use to motivate healthy behavior. Using these principles his company, Vitality, created a wireless pill cap which is helping people take their daily medications over 90% of the time (from a baseline of 70%). David will also present a framework for tailoring behavioral change programs to offer each person an optimal mix of social feedback, reminders, accountability, education, and financial incentives.

1. Enchanted Objects
@davidrose
drose@media.mit.edu

2. Horse Power

3. Big Horse Power
In 1870 this portable steam engine from Ransomes & Sims could deliver the power of 20 horses

4. Fractional HP

5. Big Artificial Intelligence

6. Fractional AI
Anti-lock brakes
Automatic transmission
Climate control
Satellite Radio
Automatic wipers
Navigation
Adaptive cruise control

7. 1918 AppStore

8. Apps are a stage of adolescence
Mature is invisible, natural, embedded

9. Enchantment
Disney

10. Enchantment

11. Enchantment

12. Enchantment
<shoes>

13. Enchantment

14. Enchantment

15. Enchantment creates
better affordances
Ambient Umbrella

16. A single pixel browser
Ambient Orb

17. Fishing

18. Fishing

19. Fishing

20. Fishing

21. Knowing, without thinking
Stage 1: Stage 2:
Pre-attentive Late
Processing Processing
• Rapid parallel • Slower serial processing
• Feature extraction • Emphasis on symbols
• Involuntary • Volitional

22. Pre-Attentive Examples

23. Pervasive is persuasive

24. Augment ordinary objects with digital shadows

25. Try to fly this with your phone...

26. Ambient information
changes our perception
of time, and our behavior
Data from NextBus

27. Making information public
is even more persuasive

28. Changing daily behavior with packaging

29. 3.5 Billion

30. GlowCap

32. This is what poor-adherence looks like...
Each row is person, each column is a day. Red indicates a missed dose.
Control group=71% of doses taken

33. This is what adherence looks like with GlowCaps
Over 95% of doses taken over 6 months

36. Fast feedback loops

37. If the cap is still not opened, Vitality places an
automated call to ask “WHY?”

38. We only change in groups

39. Weekly emails show progress and are
shared with a loved one.

40. Every month you and your physician receive
a printed progress report.

41. Push to refill button
=
“Supply-chain-management for your home”

42. VITALITY

43. Think of incentives as chords

44. Introducing the
Motivational Map
Our goal is to better characterize how people are
motivated differently to offer different programs
and incentives tailored for each person.

45. How are we motivated differently?

46. VITALITY An eco-system of ambient sensors

47. Vitality Watch

48. Soft Scale
• Converts ordinary soft bathmat into a
weight and BMI scale
• Fiber-optic LEDs sewn into the mat
display last 2 weeks weight trends
against a goal line
• Wireless connection to the web
permits realtime data analysis and
graphing on smart phone.

49. Vitality Sticker
• Adhere to a water bottle, toothbrush, floss, a musical
instrument, cellphone, any object.
• Activity is reported in realtime through the hub

50. Spirometer Kazoo
• Makes spirometry fun using sound and
projection
• Spirograph projection shows visual feedback
to anticipate an asthma attack
• Wireless connection to the web permits
realtime data analysis and graphing on smart
phone.

51. Embeds a 360 camera to record a social and caloric
Salt Sentinel memory of the meal: who was there and what they ate.
uploads images to mechanical turk for realtime analysis
Data-shadows,
in the decisional-moment

52. MIT Media Lab
Innovation is our DNA

53. Enchanted furniture

54. Furniture is the infrastructure for human activity.
Every day we sit down at the breakfast table, settle into our
desk chairs, open cabinets and drawers, and fall into bed.
Enchanted furniture
@DavidRose
drose@media.mit.edu
www.roseology.com

55. Why are you so thrilled about mobile?

56. Why are you so obsessed with portability?

57. Really?

62. MIT Media Lab

63. MIT Media Lab

64. Analyze traditional furniture forms, then embed technology apps that
allow each to be a better version of its aspirational-self.
FURNITURE FORM PSYCHOLOGICAL STATE APP
cabinetry discovery, surprise, revealing presence, communication
coffee table communion, casual sharing photos
Wall clock pacing resource consumption
Table conversation, storytelling turn-taking
Reclining chair relaxation, respite music
Lounge chair reflection diary
Desk productivity, teamwork team status
Trash bin recycling satisfaction, need to restocking, reordering
replenish
Doorbell signaling arrival, excitement, family whereabouts or
anticipation status
Chandelier dazzling energy, extravagance social activity
Door handle, Door mat, transition traffic congestion, NextBus
key hook schedule
Mirror preparation weather conditions, pollen
count

65. Bottom up. Not a platform

66. Skype Cabinet
This cabinet opens a persistent, dedicated
connection between you and a loved one.
Crack the window open to hear them, open
the cabinet to open a video connection.

67. Ideal for generation-jumping conversations: kids to grands
3 year old 8 year old 44 year old
eye height 3’ eye height 4’ eye height 5’
connected to grandma connected to aunt molly connected to dad

68. Skype Cabinet

70. This coffee table recognizes topics of conversation in the room
FaceBook Coffee Table with voice recognition, then displays photos of people and
places from each person’s FaceBook account to complement
the conversation.

71. FaceBook Coffee Table

72. Energy Clock

73. Pandora Chair This chair plays music from different parts of the world based
on which direction you are facing and your angle of repose.

74. Pandora Chair

75. Pandora Chair

76. Pandora Chair

77. Shows online activity based on the illumination level
and decay of their bulb. Ambient peripheral indicator
Social Chandelier of online status and activity.
Data from

78. Google Latitude Doorbell This augmented doorbell uses location-based-services to
provide subtle audio cues about the state of your family.
This augmented doorbell uses
location-based-services to provide
subtle audio cues about the state of
your family.

79. Google Latitude Doorbell

80. A bar-code scanner embedded in the lid reads labels and
Amazon Trash Can offers to restock items via Amazon Prime, Peapod,
Wholefoods, ...

81. Amazon Trash Can

82. Amazon Trash Can

83. Over mobile, Enchanted Objects offer advantages of
glanceability
resolution
subtlety
availability & serendipity
natural gestures
sellability

84. levels of enchantment
story-ification
gamification
socialization
personalization
augmentation

85. Enchanted Objects
@DavidRose
drose@media.mit.edu

86. But... furniture is durable, and electronics are immediately out of date.
A modular approach is critical to address the lifespan differences between
furniture and electronics.
Approach 1: CLOUD
Centralize computation, media, and services in the cloud, sprinkle interfaces
everywhere.
Approach 2: LEGO
Make the electronics easily swappable.