1.
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
GUIDED BY:
Dr. A. Renganthan MBBS., MBA.,
Health officer,
DRHS, GRI.

2.
PUBERTY IN FEMALES
• Age: 10 to 14 years
• Marked by the onset of menstruation

3.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
• Maturation of ovaries, uterus and uterine tubes
• Enlargement of vagina and breasts
• Growth of axillary and pubic hair
• Increased growth and widening of pelvis
• Onset of menstruation and ovulation
• Increased deposition of fat in subcutaneous tissue
• Mental and emotional maturity

4.
OVULATION
• Maturation of the graffian follicle
• Liberation of ovum
• Follicles about 40,000 in number
• All the follicles are lost at
menopause
• Ovulation rupture of the follicles
• Stimulated by luteinising hormone
[LH]of anterior pituitary gland.

5.
MENSTRUATION
• Menstruation starts in puberty
• Stops temporarily during pregnancy
• Lost permanently at menopause
• One cycle every 28 days
• Periodic discharge of blood from uterine cavity
• Endometrium – cyclic changes to receive the
fertilized ovum

6.
MENSTURAL CYCLE
• Destructive phase (Menstrual
phase)
• Follicular phase (Proliferative
phase)
• Luteal phase (Secretory phase)
• Menopause (climacteric)

7.
DESTRUCTIVE PHASE
(MENSTRUAL PHASE)
Lasting for the first 5 days
Menstrual bleeding occurs

8.
FOLLICULAR PHASE
(PROLIFERATIVE PHASE)
• It extends for the next 9 days
• Repair of the endometrium occurs
• Graffian follicle
 Secretes oestrogen
ruptures & release ovum
becomes corpus luteum

9.
LUTEAL PHASE
(SECRETORY PHASE)
• Last for next 14 days
• Endometrium becomes thick to receive ovum
• Corpus luteum secretes progesterone
 progesterone secretes through out pregnancy
corpus luteum degenrate if not pregnant

10.
MENOPAUSE
• Cessation of menstruation
• Occurs in 45 years of age
• Cause- Change concentration of sex
hormones
• Ovaries become less responsive - FSH
& LH

11.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MENOPAUSE
•Flushing and sweating
•Shrinkage of breast
•Atrophy of sex organs
•Episodes of uncharacteristic behaviour

12.
THANK YOU
BY
B. MANIBALA B.Sc.,
22004063
PGDSI – B
DRHS, GRI
DINDIGUL