This is the last part of the lesson on the Spanish Colonial Government focusing on the Spanish Imposed Institutions and Economic Policies

1. ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS DURING THE
SPANISH COLONIAL GOVERNMENT

2. Filipinos paid taxes to Spain
A. TRIBUTE (TRIBUTO)
the Filipinos were compelled to pay tribute
called TRIBUTO, to the colonial
government.
The tributo was imposed as a sign of the
Filipinos' loyalty to the king of Spain.

3. Filipinos paid taxes to Spain
A. TRIBUTE (TRIBUTO)
Those who paid tribute were individuals
BETWEEN 16 TO 60 Y.O.
 1571-1884 = 8 reales (P1.00) per year
 Other forms of payment:
 Gold, Chickens, Textile, Cotton and Rice

4. B. CEDULA (Personal Identification
Paper)
In1884, Tribute was nullified and
replaced by the CEDULA.

5. B. CEDULA (Personal Identification
Paper)
The cedula was a certificate
identifying the taxpayer.
It recorded his
name, age, birthplace, marital
state, occupation, place of
residence, nationality and sex.

7. C. DIEZMOS PREDIALES or TITHES
The diezmos prediales was a tax consisting of
one-tenth (1/10) of the produce of one's
land.

8. D. THE DONATIVO DE ZAMBOANGA
Introduced in 1635, was a tax specifically
used for the conquest of Mindanao.
A special tax of 1/2 real or rice was collected.
This collection was used to crush the Moro
raids.

9. E.VINTA
This tax was collected to fund
vintas to guard the coastal
areas of Luzon to defend
the area against Muslim
pirates.

10. The government imposed
the BANDALA system to
increase the funds for
wars against other
European explorers.

11. The farmers are forced to
sell their produce to the
government.
The government would buy
the harvests of the
farmers but would only
give them
PROMISSORY
NOTES.

12. Bad Effects:
The Filipinos became
poorer.

13. Also called
POLO Y SERVICIOS

14. All male Filipinos from
18 to 60 years of age
were required to give
their free labor, called
POLO, to the
government.

15. Obligated to do:
Construction of
buildings
Construction of
churches
Cutting trees to
make logs

16. This labor was for
40 DAYS A YEAR.
They are supposed to
be paid I/4 reales.
The workers were
called POLISTAS.

17. In 1884 the number
of days was lessened
to 15 days per year.

18. To be exempted:
Pay FALLA = 1 ½ reals

19. Bad effects:
 Polo was made at the
same time as plating
and harvesting
 Separation from family
 Relocation to different
places (sometimes
outside the Philippines)
 Lessened the male
population

20. Also known as the
MANILA-ACAPULCO TRADE
Trading was done
Between Manila
And
Acapulco, Mexico

21. Also known as the
MANILA-ACAPULCO TRADE
This was a
government
monopoly that
lasted for 250 years

22. MANILA-ACAPULCO TRADE
The galleons carried spices, porcelain, ivory,
lacquerware, silk to be sold in Mexico.

23. MANILA-ACAPULCO TRADE
The trip to Mexico lasted for 200 days
The return trip lasted for 70 days

24. MANILA-ACAPULCO TRADE
Only the elite can benefit from this
trade.
People needed to buy a BOLETA.
The boleta is the ticket worth
P 250.00.

25. MANILA-ACAPULCO TRADE
Bad Effects:
Neglect of local products
The Filipinos became poorer.

26. The government
established a monopoly
on tobacco in 1781.
Provinces like
Ilocos, Cagayan, Nueva
Ecija were to plant
NO OTHER CROP EXCEPT
TOBACCO

27. They dictated:
-Where to plant (certain
provinces only)
-How much to harvest
-How much to pay the
farmers

28. Farmers had to produce
a certain amount
(QUOTA)
Tobacco leaves were
sold to the
government for a very
low price
Failure meant FINES

29. Good effects:
The tobacco
monopoly raised
so much money
for the
government and
made Philippine
tobacco famous
all over Asia.

30. Bad effects:
Abused by the
government
agents
Hunger due to
shortage of food
(farmers were
not allowed to
plant another
crop)

31. Lasted for 100
years (1781 to
1881)
In 1881, King
Alfonso XII
removed the
tobacco
monopoly.
Ilocanos made a
shrine in his
honor.

32. The country was divided
into parcels and assigned
to deserving Spaniard to
govern and care.
These parcels were called
ENCOMENDAS.

33. TWO TYPES OF ENCOMIENDAS:
Owned by the King of Spain =
ROYAL ENCOMIENDA
Owned by private individuals =
PRIVATE ENCOMIENDA

34. ENCOMIENDERO
Tasks:
 To defend his encomienda
from outsiders
 Peace and order within
his encomienda
 Assist in spreading
Christianity

35. ENCOMIENDERO
Privileges:
 Collect taxes
according to the limit

36. Abuses:
Collected more tax than
required
Take all the harvests for
themselves
Farmers were persecuted
for not paying taxes
Farmers became hungry
This was always abused
and later abolished.

37. Some friars would pity
the Filipinos and wrote
to the King of Spain to
report their abuses.
It was later abolished.

38. It was a charitable
foundation
specifically used
charity work, religious
activities and
educational purposes

39. Obras Pias became a
banking institution
run by the friars.

40. Obras Pias started the funds for the first
government bank in the Philippines called:
BANCO ESPANOL-FILIPINO de ISABEL II
in 1851

41. Banco Espanol-Filipino
de Isabell II was the
first to use
currency notes in
paper.

44. Today, Banco Espanol-Filipino is now called:
THE BANK OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS (BPI)

45. THE END
NEXT...
FILIPINO REVOLTS