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1. ACID BASE BALANCE

2. Allen’s Test

3. Normal Values
PH – 7.35 – 7.45
PaCO2 – 35 - 45 mmHg
HCO3 – 22 -26 meq/L

4. •Mild Hypoxemia (60-79mmHg)
•Moderate Hypoxemia (40-59mmHg)
•Severe Hypoxemia (less than 40mmHg)

5. The patient has been taken blood samples
for ABG Analysis. As a nurse what will be
your interpretation of the Acid Base and
Balance of the Body if the patient has the
following lab findings:
PH – 7. 32
PCO2 – 50
HCO3 - 30

6. 1. IDENTIFY THE PH
ALKALOSIS – if more than 7.45
ACIDOSIS – if less than 7.35
NormaALKA – 7.41 – 7.45
NormalACI – 7.35 – 7.39

7. PH – 7. 32
PCO2 – 50
HCO3 - 30
acidosis
ACIDOSIS

8. 2. IDENTIFY THE CAUSE
(RESPI / META)
PaCO2
ACI – if more than 45mmHg
ALKA – if less than 35 mmHg
HCO3
ACI – If less than 22
ALKA – if more than 26

9. 2. IDENTIFY THE CAUSE
(RESPI / META)
Identify who has the same state as
the PH and that is the cause.
PaCO2 (RESPIRATORY)
HCO3 (METABOLIC)

10. PH – 7. 32
PCO2 – 50
HCO3 - 30
acidosis
ACIDOSIS
acidosis
alkalosis
RESPIRATORY

11. 3. IDENTIFY IF THERE
IS COMPENSATION
Look at the remaining component:
Uncompensated – normal
Compensated – if opposite

12. PH – 7. 32
PCO2 – 50
HCO3 - 30
acidosis
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
acidosis
alkalosis opposite
COMPENSATED

13. 4. IDENTIFY THE TYPE
COMPENSATION
FULLY – if PH is Normal
PARTIALLY – if PH isAbnormal

14. PH – 7. 32
PCO2 – 50
HCO3 - 30
acidosis
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS
acidosis
alkalosis opposite
COMPENSATED
PARTIALLY COMPENSATED

15. LET’S TEST
YOUR SKILLS

16. PH – 7. 47
PCO2 – 57
HCO3 - 40
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS PARTIALLY COMPENSATED
1. Identify the PH
2. Determine the Cause
3. Identify if there is
compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

17. PH – 7. 60
PCO2 – 10
HCO3 - 21
RESIRATORY ALKALOSIS PARTIALLY COMPENSATED
1. Identify the PH
2. Determine the Cause
3. Identify if there is
compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

18. PH – 7. 30
PCO2 – 59
HCO3 - 25
RESIRATORY ACIDOSIS UNCOMPENSATED
1. Identify the PH
2. Determine the Cause
3. Identify if there is
compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

19. PH – 7. 43
PCO2 – 29
HCO3 - 15
RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS FULLY COMPENSATED
1. Identify the PH
2. Determine the Cause
3. Identify if there is
compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

20. PH – 7. 37
PCO2 – 20
HCO3 – 20
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS FULLY COMPENSATED
1. Identify the PH
2. Determine the Cause
3. Identify if there is
compensation
4. Determine the type of
compensation

21. PH – 7. 22
PCO2 – 67
HCO3 – 50
RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS PARTIALLY COMPENSATED

22. PH – 7. 10
PCO2 – 13
HCO3 – 9
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS PARTIALLY COMPENSATED

23. PH – 7. 49
PCO2 – 35
HCO3 – 28
METABOLIC ALKALOSIS UNCOMPENSATED

24. 80 – 100 mmhg – NO HYPOXEMIA
60-79mmHg - MILD HYPOXEMIA
40-59mmHg - MODERATE HYPOXEMIA
<40mmHg - SEVERE HYPOXEMIA

25. PH – 7. 41
PCO2 – 55
HCO3 – 30
O2 - 50
METABOLIC ALKA FULLY COMPENSATED

26. PH – 7. 40
PCO2 – 35
HCO3 – 25
O2 - 89
NORMAL / ACID BASE BALANCE