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Jeddah's architecture heritage
- 2. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION -About Jeddah -History -weather • Jeddah city • Building Techniques • Architectural Features -External Form -Building Height -Architectural elements -Rowshan -Mashrabiya • Decorations • Building Materials
- 4. HISTORY PRE ISLAM • Stone age • Artifacts and writings • Dates before Alexander the Great ISLAM • Othman bin Affan made it a Major port for entering the city of Makkah. Mamluk rule • Ummayyads, then Abbasids, followed by Ayyubids, and finally the Mamluks. Ottoman Rule • was attacked several times by the Portuguese
- 5. Climate Extreme heat and humidity, lack or absence of or absence of rain Jeddah’s Tempreture Around the Year
- 6. Jeddah’s Old Walls and Gates: Jeddah's Old Wall and Gates The wall surrounding Jeddah was built by Hussain Al-Kurdi, who was one of the
- 7. Building technique the method of building was to arrange the building stones over each other, separated by pieces of wood (Takaleel), which helped in the fair distribution of the loads on the walls. This old method of building, which uses wood and stone, is very similar to the modern concrete and timber way of building where wood is used to hold concrete in order to alleviate the weight of the building
- 8. • Jeddah’s urban compactness shaped by narrow zigzagged alleys. • The street configuration: shading, air wind patterns.
- 9. Architectural Features: • External Form • Building Height • Architectural elements
- 10. External Form: • A cubical mass of 2-5 floors without major projection. • Skeleton of four sides that entirely opened, but covered with wooden elements
- 11. Building Height: High-rise, earlier buildings were 2-3 floors. Late 19th and early 20th centuries, tendency for higher buildings ( 6-7 higher buildings ( 6-7 floors)
- 13. Architectural Elements: -Rowshans: They are 60-90 cm projected wooden skeleton covered with decorative covered with decorative wooden panels and screens. It covers the entire It covers the entire elevation of the upper floors.
- 15. Rowshan’s Functions: • Maintenance of the privacy of indoor spaces • Ventilation (middle panels are slid able and with louvers)
- 16. Mashrabiyas: Different rowshan in term of size, location and function. Mashrabiya is
- 17. Doors: Massive, two panels of teak wood with heavy metallic with heavy metallic nails and knockers. knockers.
- 18. Decorations: -Ceiling Decorations: Usually on woods, stones or gypsum surfaces. Also it surfaces. Also it comes with different patterns such as patterns such as geometric, floral and scripts (mostly scripts (mostly Quranic) either engraved or painted. or painted.
- 19. -Roof Edge Decorations: They also decorated their roofs with different shapes and different shapes and patterns.
- 20. -Main Doors Decorations: Main door is the most decorated part as it signifies transition from public life transition from public life into private life, and a socio- economic symbol.
- 21. Constuction Materials : • Coral Stone • Wood • Gypsum
- 22. Coral Stone
- 23. Wood
- 24. Gypsum They used gypsum mostly in decorating decorating facades, framing doors and doors and windows. They all painted in white painted in white color as protection from protection from climatic conditions. It has conditions. It has different patterns whether patterns whether with floral or geometric geometric shapes.