2. “Climate change is one of today’s defining
challenges. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions has
always been a priority for RATP through the development of
low-energy, less polluting transport solutions. Our strategic
initiatives include the Bus2025 programme developed in
conjunction with Stif. This programme will enable us to
operate an entirely electric and bioVNG fleet by 2025. The
United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 21) in
Paris offers us an excellent opportunity to demonstrate
environmental excellence in practice.
Our Group intends to set the global benchmark
for sustainable mobility. So we will be making a full
contribution to the energy transition to promote a positive,
future-facing approach to ecology designed to release
initiatives and deliver tangible, sustainable urban mobility
solutions”.
Élisabeth Borne,
President & CEO
3. A driving force for
the environmentWith 350 routes and 4,500 buses, the RATP bus network offers exceptional coverage
of Paris and its region. Over the years, RATP has tested many technologies, including
aquazole, LPG, biodiesel and electric. The Group has therefore made a direct
contribution to innovation alongside industry.
WORKING TOWARDS
THE ENERGY TRANSITION
1972: the first prototypes of diesel-electric,
LNG and LPG buses, and electric minibuses.
1976: the first electric bus.
1993: transition of the RATP fleet to Euro 1
standard compliance.
1994: launch of the eco-bus programme to
cut particulate emissions, develop renewables
and upgrade the fleet.
1996: transition to Euro 2 standard compliance.
Introduction of two 30-seat electric midi-buses
for the Montmartrobus service.
1999: gradual introduction of particulate filters
for the sulphur-free diesel fleet. RATP operates
250 VNG, aquazole, LPG and electric buses
across its network.
2000: transition to Euro 3 standard compliance.
Introduction of 52-seat electric buses for the
Montmartrobus service.The route becomes
fully electric in 2001.
2002: experimentation with biodiesel.
2005: transition to Euro 4 standard compliance,
followed by Euro 5 compliance in 2008.
2012: introduction of the first hybrid buses.
2014: launch of the Bus2025 programme.
AQUAZOLE:
an emulsion of diesel, water and
stabilising additives that reduces
particulate emissions by 80%
03
BIOGNV:
100% renewable natural gas
produced by methanation
of waste
BIODIESEL:
a biofuel containing 70% diesel /
30% industrial vegetable
oil derivative (rapeseed and
sunflower oils) that reduces CO2
emissions by 25%
(source: Ademe)
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM
GAS (LPG):
a fuel composed primarily of
propane and butane produced
as a result of oil refining
LIQUEFIED NATURAL
GAS (LNG):
a fuel obtained by cooling
natural gas to its liquid state
VEHICLE NATURAL GAS
(VNG):
a naturally occurring fossil
gas composed essentially of
methane and used as a fuel
4. AN INNOVATIVE PROJECT
This programme was launched in 2014 with the aim of
creating an efficient, non-polluting, appealing and affordable
bus network for Paris and its wider region; a network that
would set the international benchmark!
Its twin drivers for action...
To facilitate mobility by using more efficient buses and introducing
innovative services,and to rise successfully to the challenges posed
by the energy transition.
The goal of the Grand Paris programme
n To improve network reliability and reduce journey times
through more effective sharing of road space.
n To optimise coverage across all types of transport: an effective
feeder network converging on the hubs of the Grand Paris
network,and improved services for the outermost communities.
n Making bus services more attractive to users by offering
innovative services in stations and on buses to respond more
effectively to the needs of Paris region residents, and provide
a network with 100% accessibility for users with reduced
mobility.
04
nTransformingafleetof4,500buses-Europe’ssecond
largest in terms of volume - into a totally clean fleet.
n Providing every part of the vehicle manufacturing
industry with the incentive to produce clean buses
on a large scale.
n Remaining competitive when bus service networks
are deregulated in 2024.
A technological and
ecological challenge
-50%
REDUCTION IN
THE CARBON BALANCE
OF RATP
AS A RESULT OF THIS
PROGRAMME
-20%
OVERALL GOAL
FOR THE REDUCTION
OF GHG EMISSIONS PER KM
PER RATP PASSENGER
BETWEEN 2004 AND 2020
80%
ELECTRIC AND
20%
BIOVNG
BY 2025,
A BUS FLEET THAT IS
5. INVOLVEMENT
AND CONSULTATION
With its longstanding expertise of the Paris
region, RATP has brought together around
fifty contributors (Stif, local councillors
and specialists in transport, urban
programmening, energy and environment) as
members of a working group. This group has
been meeting regularly for more than a year
to develop and design the bus of tomorrow
with a shared focus on a single ambition.
A grassroots initiative
n With input from its six local development
agencies, RATP has conducted an analysis of
every area with the aim of putting housing,
employment and transport into perspective,
and identifying the expectations of
communities in the period to 2025.
n At the same time, RATP has developed
a special system to evaluate the effects of the
Grand Paris Express on mobility in general,
and bus travel in particular.
n The results have enabled RATP to be
proactive with Stif and local authorities
in proposing changes to the bus network.
Reinventing
mobilityThe creation of the Grand Paris Express network will bring about a profound change
in the transport infrastructure of the Paris region.One of the goals for the Bus2025
programme is to adapt the range of road transport options to dovetail with changes
to the rail infrastructure and provide a more detailed coverage of all the areas
involved.A golden opportunity to optimise travel and make it easier than ever!
05
6. PERFORMANCE AND INTERMODAL
OPERATION
n Capitalising on the flexibility of buses, which can adapt easily
to local changes and the specific needs of individual areas.
n Improving journey flexibility to offer users door-to-door
solutions and deliver improved services for those communities
furthest from Paris.
n Programmening its interaction with the intermodal hubs of
the Grand Paris Express,and exploiting its ability to complement
other modes of transport to improve proximity and accessibility.
APPEAL AND SERVICES
n Facilitating the integration of bus travel into the city by paying
careful attention to its architectural presence and spaces
(bus stations,bus lanes,bus stops,etc.).
n Improving real-time passenger information by leveraging
digital technology to extract maximum benefit from city
services and the local retail offer to make routes more practical,
convenient and appropriate for all users.
n Boosting the appeal of bus travel: by 2016, Stif will have
invested €160 million over three years on improving bus
services: improving coverage, frequency, punctuality, comfort
and operating hours.
Another Bus2025 goal is to offer a network
with total accessibility for users with
reduced mobility. This means adapting
bus stops and vehicles. A bus route is
considered to be accessible when at least
70% of its stops provide appropriate
access facilities.
Further work on bus internal layouts and
boarding/exiting facilities should facilitate
bus usage by every member of the public.
Working towards
100% accessibility
3.5MILLION JOURNEYS
MADE EVERY DAY
ON THE RATP BUS
NETWORK
200km
COVERED PER DAY ON
AVERAGE BY A PARIS
REGION BUS
1BILLION BUS
JOURNEYS PER YEAR
350RATP ROUTES,
INCLUDING
30 NIGHT
BUS ROUTES
In 2015:
• 100% of buses fitted with
access ramps
• 100% of Paris buses accessible for
users with reduced mobility
• 98% of buses fitted with audio
information systems
• 96% of buses fitted with visual
information display systems
• more than 170 suburban routes
accessible for users with reduced mobility
06
7. 07
Leading the way
with clean busesBy 2025, all 4,500 Paris region buses will run on either electricity or bioVNG.
This unprecedented ecological, technological and industrial shift points the way
to environmental excellence.
CHRONOLOGY
OF A REVOLUTION
Phase 1
(2012-2017): mass arrival of
hybrid buses to join the RATP
fleet.Around 500 hybrid buses
in operation from 2016
(11% of the fleet).All new
contract tenders issued are for
hybrid,electric or VNG buses.
Phase 2
(2015-2017): testing and
experimentation with all
electric bus technologies
and existing battery charging
systems; preparation for
the bus centre adaptation
programme.
Phase 3
(2017-2025): issue of contract
tenders for the mass rollout of
electric and bioVNG buses.
8. 08
INCENTIVISING AN ENTIRE
INDUSTRY
The large-scale production of electric buses is
a major challenge. Currently, only minibuses
are the subject of such development. RATP
intends its Bus2025 programme to incentivise
the entire industry to embark on mass
production of a standard bus that meets all
electrical standards.
€500,000: that’s the current cost of
a standard electric bus... twice the price of
a traditional diesel bus. The Group is therefore
expecting a significant reduction in costs
between now and 2017 as a direct result of
the high volume of bus orders and global
development of electric mobility.
TWO PARTNERSHIPS
As part of developing the research and
production of new and sustainable mobility
solutions, RATP has signed agreements with
two major French power generators: EDF
and Engie.
EDF: the agreement with EDF covers trials
and tests of alternative electric powertrains,
batteries and their charging systems. The aim
of the agreement is to bring 100% electric
high-capacity buses into the RATP fleet.
ENGIE: the agreement with ENGIE is
designed to deliver a fuelling centre solution
for buses running on vehicle natural gas
(VNG) and bioVNG.
Testing other technologies
RATP is also committed to testing other
electric bus technologies. With this in
mind, the Group has signed experimental
bus development agreements with five
other manufacturers: Heuliez Bus in
France, Irizar in Spain, Solaris in Poland,
and two Chinese companies working
alongside European associates: Yutong
in association with the French company
Dietrich Carebus, and Golden Dragon
in association with the Dutch company
Ebusco.
FUNDING THE BUS FLEET
Stif is providing a 100% subsidy for
the purchase of buses to extend the
network and expand the range of services
available, backed up by a 10% subsidy for
upgrading. At the end of 2024 when the
RATP operating agreement expires, the
buses will be bought at their net book
value by their owner Stif.
A 100% electric
route by 2016
By agreement with Stif RATP will
operate a 100% electric route
using standard buses under real-life
operating conditions from 2016
onwards. Bolloré group company
Bluebus has been contracted to
provide the vehicles and associated
battery charging systems under
a contract valued at between
€10 million and €14 million.
9. 09
ADAPTING
AND EXPERIMENTING
Training: maintenance personnel must
learn the technical skills required for hybrid,
electric and bioVNG buses, and gain the
corresponding accreditations. An eco-driving
awareness course for hybrid buses is also
taken by drivers.
Experiments: given the restricted access
to roadside power supplies, RATP has adopted
slow overnight depot charging of bus batteries
as its benchmark model. It nevertheless
programmes to test other technologies
(terminus charging, charging at bus stops,
opportunist charging when passing through
the depot, and other potential solutions) as
part of adapting its response to a range of
different needs.
Adapting bus maintenance centres:
bus maintenance centres must be connected
to mains power and gas supplies.
1/3OF RATP EMPLOYEES
WORK SOLELY ON BUS
NETWORK OPERATION
AND MAINTENANCE
17,000DRIVERS,
MAINTENANCE
TECHNICIANS AND
ENGINEERS WORK
SOLELY ON PROVIDING
BUS SERVICES
The Créteil bus maintenance
centre already takes care
of 90 bioVNG buses
25MAINTENANCE AND
STORAGE CENTRES
IN THE PARIS REGION
2,200EMPLOYEES
ALLOCATED TO BUS
PURCHASING AND
MAINTENANCE
13,500DRIVERS
10. 10
Setting a benchmark
for the world
Bus2025 embodies not only the RATP group culture of innovation and technical
excellence, but also its commercial ambitions. The ability to drive revolution
redevelopment of existing bus networks and incentivise an entire industry are
clear strengths when it comes to winning new international projects.
11. 11
OUR BELIEFS
n Public transport has an important role
to play in protecting the environment,
and improving the quality of life and health
of passengers and local communities.
n It offers a credible alternative to the private
car in the battle to combat congestion in
urban centres.
n As with tram services, the RATP group
wishes to develop the concept of the ‘French-
style bus’as a quiet, clean service that sets the
benchmark for tomorrow’s cities.
AN EXCELLENT OUTLOOK
Since the Bus2025 programme was
announced, routes are already changing, and
that initiative is being emulated in other
urban centres around the world. Many other
major cities in France are also considering
the same issue.
ELSEWHERE AROUND THE GROUP
The RATP group also operates clean buses on
a number of networks outside the Paris region,
with electric and hybrid buses in London and
buses in Bath.In the Paris region,the Group is
testing the first electric bus specially equipped
for reduced mobility passengers.
RATP Dev operates a fleet of more than
7,000 buses worldwide: in France,
the UK, the USA, Switzerland, Morocco,
Italy, China and - soon - in Saudi Arabia,
where the Riyad bus network is being
created from scratch.
Did you know?
Bus2025 establishes
the RATP group as a leader
in clean bus services
12. The RATP group provides daily mobility services for 14 million people in
France and worldwide. Historically associated with Paris and its century-old
metro system, it is in demand all over the world for its unique experience
in the design, project management, operation and maintenance of all
modes of urban and inter-urban public transport.
Communications Department • 54 quai de la Rapée • 75599 Paris Cedex 12 • www.ratp.fr
Design-production • Photo credits: B. Marguerite, J.F. Mauboussin and all rights reserved • November 2015.
€5.257BILLION IN REVENUE FOR 2014
€1.580BILLION INVESTED
IN THE PARIS REGION IN 2014
57,976EMPLOYEES AT 31 DECEMBER
2014
14 COUNTRIES, 4 CONTINENTS
A GLOBAL PRESENCE
Group Overview
Rail
From the Paris RER A
regional express rail
line that carries
1.2 million passengers
every day to Africa’s
most modern
train - the Gautrain
Express - travellers
know they can rely
on the expertise and
experience of RATP
people.
Bus
Urban and interurban
bus networks,
sightseeing buses,
school buses, city
centre shuttle buses
and transport on
demand... RATP
services everywhere
are constantly
focused on providing
appealing, affordable
and responsible
transport services.
Tram
In France, the USA,
Algeria, the UK,
Morocco, Italy and
China, the RATP
group is driving the
worldwide resurgence
of tram networks.
The Group has
a unique body of
experience in the
design, maintenance
and operation of this
mode of transport
universally loved by
passengers.
Metro
As the historic
operator of the Paris
Metro, the RATP has
globally-recognised
expertise in automated
metro systems; a
public transport option
particularly well suited
to the needs
of major urban centres
looking for safe,
high-capacity public
transport systems.
